ARCHITECTURE GRADUATE PROGRESSION TO PRACTICE IN NEW ZEALAND: - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

ARCHITECTURE GRADUATE PROGRESSION TO PRACTICE IN NEW ZEALAND: 1987-2008 Prof Errol Haarhoff |Dr Paola Boarin |Dr Natalie Allen | School of Architecture and Planning | University of Auckland. Presentation to the AASA meeting, Unitec, Auckland, October 2019

The New Zealand Architecture Graduate Survey: • Longitudinal study to track the progression of architecture graduates from New Zealand’s professional architecture programmes, into the profession and practice of architecture in NZ. • Three surveys : 1987 to 1999 1 ; 1987 to 2008 2 ; 1987 to 2018. 1. E. Haarhoff,(2007). Women in the Architecture Profession in New Zealand: A survey of architecture graduates 1987-1999 , Auckland: Univervices Ltd; and Haarhoff, E. (2007) . Women in Architecture , in Raman, M. (ed) . Society, Architects and Emerging Issues , London: Commonwealth Association of Architects. 2. E.Haarhoff, (2010) , Practice and Gender in Achitecture: A survey of NZ architecture graduates 1987-2008 . School of Architecture and Planning, University of Auckland. Presentation to the AASA meeting, Unitec, Auckland, October 2019

Work-in-progress: Interim findings from the 3 rd Survey: 1987-2018 While ‘Schools’ produce graduates in a number of disciplines/programmes, the focus in the survey is on those who graduate from accredited programmes in architecture that lead to formal registration as an Architect in NZ. Three NZ programmes : University of Auckland; Victoria University of Wellington; and since 1998, Unitec. Over the 32 year period two degree programmes have been offered: Bachelor of Architecture - 5 years • Master of Architecture (Professional) – 3+2 years • Presentation to the AASA meeting, Unitec, Auckland, October 2019

Methodology Graduate lists from the architecture programmes (1987-1918) NZIA list of member (various categories) Aug 2018 NZRAB list of registered architects/vol suspension. Sept 2018 Potential errors : same names; changed family names; adoption of Anglo-Saxon names; use of ‘nick names’. Impact is small under reporting of NZIA and NZRAB membership/registration (likely to be less than 3%). Presentation to the AASA meeting, Unitec, Auckland, October 2019

BASIC METRICS : 1987-2018 (32 years) 4827 Graduates from professional programmes: B Arch and M Arch(Prof) Average: 151 pa. Over the past decade, graduating around 200 pa. Graduates by School UoA: 2477 (51%) VUW: 1563 (32%) Unitec: 787 (since 1998) (17%) Gender (average over 32 years) Females: 2016 (42%) Males: 2811 (58%) Presentation to the AASA meeting, Unitec, Auckland, October 2019

300 250 200 UoA 150 VUW Unitec Total 100 50 0 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Number of Graduates by School by year: 1987-2018 Presentation to the AASA meeting, Unitec, Auckland, October 2019

Presentation to the AASA meeting, Unitec, Auckland, October 2019 Gender by graduating year 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 0 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 female % % male 2015 2016 2017 2018

70 60 50 40 30 UOA VUW 20 Unitec Total 10 0 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Percentage of women by year by School Presentation to the AASA meeting, Unitec, Auckland, October 2019

WHERE ARE THE 4827 GRADUATES? • Architecture graduates head in different directions: Take up careers other than architecture. • Pursue PG studies • Graduates include international students who do not enter architecture • practice in NZ. Take their OE and/or pursue other options – may return to architecture in • NZ at a later stage? Enter practice in NZ. • • Data shows that about a third of all graduates over the 32 year period are engaged with the profession via membership with the NZIA and/or Registration. Of the 4827 graduates : • • 19% currently are NZIA Architect members 16% currently Registered Architects in New Zealand • Presentation to the AASA meeting, Unitec, Auckland, October 2019

Membership: New Zealand Institute of Architects 3985 members (August 2019) Architect (VS) Academic Honorary Allied Professionals Affiliated Retired Graduate Student Architect 0 500 1000 1500 2000 Active in practice (shown in red): 2830. Presentation to the AASA meeting, Unitec, Auckland, October 2019

Active in the NZIA . Architect (VS) Academic 64% Allied Professionals Grads Tot 25% Affiliated 72% Graduate 50% Architect 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 Total Graduates (black) 1987-2018 = 4827 Total ‘active’ NZIA membership (red) = 2830 No of graduates 1987-2018 who are NZIA Members = 1498 (53% of active members) Presentation to the AASA meeting, Unitec, Auckland, October 2019

938 NZIA Architect Members from the 4827 graduates Of these, 252 are Women (27%) 45 40 35 30 25 Male 20 Female 15 10 5 0 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Number of graduate NZIA Architect members by gender Presentation to the AASA meeting, Unitec, Auckland, October 2019

All 1341 graduates with NZIA Membership: Architect and Graduate 70 60 50 Female 40 composition 47% NZIA-G 27% NZIA-A 30 NZRAB = 29% 20 10 0 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Number of Architect and Graduate Members by graduating year. Presentation to the AASA meeting, Unitec, Auckland, October 2019

From the 1831 graduates: NZIA Architect and Graduate Membership 2008-2018 40 35 30 Percentages: 57% M:NZIA Arch 25 58% F: NZIA Arch 58% M: NZRAB 20 42% F: NZRAB 52% M: NZIA Grad 15 48% F: NZIA Grad 10 5 0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Number of Architect and Graduate Members : last 10 years (2008-2018) by Male + Female Presentation to the AASA meeting, Unitec, Auckland, October 2019

Graduates who are Registered Architects NZRAB 2300 Registered Architects – 1995 active and 305 in voluntary suspension Of the 4827 graduates, 716 (19%) are Registered Of this, 206 are women (29%). 300 250 200 Total Regd 150 Total Grads 100 50 0 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 Presentation to the AASA meeting, Unitec, Auckland, October 2019

Graduates Registered with the NZRAB 40 35 30 25 20 Female No Male No 15 10 5 0 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Graduates: Registered Architects by gender. Presentation to the AASA meeting, Unitec, Auckland, October 2019

‘Gap’ between Graduation and Registration by year 9.0 8.0 7.0 6.0 5.0 Median 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Median = 6.0 years (practical minimum about 3 years). Presentation to the AASA meeting, Unitec, Auckland, October 2019

Interim Observations: Since the 2 nd Graduate Survey (2008): Overall, women graduates increased from 37% to 42% (1987-2018) 2009-2018 women represent 49% of graduates. 250 200 150 Male Female 100 Total 50 0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Presentation to the AASA meeting, Unitec, Auckland, October 2019

Architect Mermbership and Registration: changes since 2008: 21% of women graduates surveyed in 2008 Architect Members. Increased 2018 = 27%. 17% of women graduates surveyed in 2008 were Registered. Increased 2018 = 29% Women among NZIA Graduate Members (47%) 40 35 30 25 20 M 15 F 10 5 0 Presentation to the AASA meeting, Unitec, Auckland, October 2019

A number of Questions: Why are women who are NZIA Architect Members and Registered with the • NZRAB not equal to their representation among graduate – around 50%? Why is the ‘gap’ between graduation and registration remaining relative large • (median 6 years). Questions about the role of graduates in architecture practice and what are • the incentives or obstacles towards Registration, especially for women? The numbers do not explain why. • Still have a Focus Group discussion with women architects in practice (or who have left practice). Working with “Architecture + Women”. Still to complete an updated literature survey of women in architecture. Presentation to the AASA meeting, Unitec, Auckland, October 2019