Approaching the Family from the South-West Felix Rau University of - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Approaching the Family from the South-West Felix Rau University of Cologne ICAAL 5 – 4th-5th September 2013, Canberra

• Historical Munda verb morphology • Propose a Proto-Munda Verb Structure • Propose a new subgrouping for South Munda

Anderson 2008

Anderson 2004: S = CAUS - RDL - ROOT - INC - TNS / ASP / TRANS - O Proposal: ( TAM NEG RECIP ) [ CAUS - RDL - ROOT (- INC )]- TNS / ASP - VOICE

Gorum verb PREFIXES REFIXES STEM STEM SUF SUFFIXES CLITICS S - MOOD - [ CAUS - RDL : - INC ] - TNS : VOICE - O - VEN - PL ROOT NEG : PST 3 PL : S S CAUS RDL ROOT CF VOICE U VEN TNS : VOICE IMP : PL NEG : NPST S IRR

CL PREF PREFIXES IXES STEM STEM SUFFIXES SUFFIXES S - MOOD - RECIP - CAUS : RDL : - TNS - VOICE - O - VEN IMP : PL ROOT INC G ORUM X X X X X X X X X X X S ORA ( X ) X X X X X X X X X X X J UANG ( X ) X X X X X X X X X X G TA ʔ ( X ) X X X X X X X X G UTOB ( X ) X X X X X X R EMO ( X ) X X X X X X K HARIA ( X ) ( X ) X X X X S ANTALI ( X ) X X X X X K ORKU ( X ) ( X ) X X X

CL STEM STEM SUFFIXES SUFFIXES PREF PREFIXES IXES S - MOOD - RECIP - - O - VEN IMP : PL CAUS : RDL : - TNS - VOICE ROOT INC G ORUM X X X X X X X X X X X S ORA ( X ) X X X X X X X X X X X J UANG ( X ) X X X X X X X X X X G TA ʔ ( X ) X X X X X X X X G UTOB ( X ) X X X X X X R EMO ( X ) X X X X X X K HARIA ( X ) ( X ) X X X X S ANTALI ( X ) X X X X X ( X ) K ORKU ( X ) X X X

Person Marking S - VERB - O – Gorum, Juang X = S VERB - O / VERB - O = S – Kherwarian S - VERB – Gta ʔ VERB - O – Sora, Korku VERB = S – Kharia, Gutob, Remo

Person Marking • No person marking in Proto-Munda • Better explained by separate cliticization processes • Similarities can be explained by similarities between source pronouns • No connection between Subject enclitics and Subject prefixes

Subject Prefixes Gorum(-Sora) S-V-O Juang S-V-O Gta ʔ S-V

Subject Prefixes mo -ab-so ˀɟ -t-i ŋ Gorum: 2s S - CAUS -learn- ACT : NPST -1s O ‘You will teach me’ m -ab-soj-e Juang: 2s S - CAUS -learn- FUT : ACT ‘You will teach me’

Subject Prefixes ne -r-ab-o ŋ -u Gorum: 1s S - NEG - CAUS -ripe- ACT ‘I won’t sell it’ n- ar-a ʔ -ble Gta ʔ : 1s S - NEG - CAUS -ripen ‘I shouldn’t cultivate it’

Subject Prefixes 1 D 1 D 1 PL 1 PL 1 SG 1 SG 2 SG 2 SG 2 D 2 D 2 PL 2 PL INCL EXCL INCL EXCL V-/Ø- ba- ba- nV- nV- mV- a- V- Juang n- ni ʔ - ni- (næ ʔ -) næ- na- pa- pe- Gta ʔ ne- le- le- mo- bo- bo- Gorum ə - ə - ə - Sora

• Subject prefixes could be recent and a separate innovation of three different languages • If subject prefixes are a single innovation they would define a subgroup Gorum/Sora, Juang, Gta ʔ

CL PREF PREFIXES IXES STEM STEM SUFFIXES SUFFIXES S - - O - VEN IMP : PL MOOD - RECIP - CAUS : RDL : - TNS - VOICE ROOT INC G ORUM X X X X X X X X X X X S ORA ( X ) X X X X X X X X X X X J UANG ( X ) X X X X X X X X X X G TA ʔ ( X ) X X X X X X X X G UTOB ( X ) X X X X X X ( X ) R EMO X X X X X X K HARIA ( X ) ( X ) X X X X S ANTALI ( X ) X X X X X K ORKU ( X ) ( X ) X X X

ə - ə dn- ə l- g ə {b}roj-l-aj Sora: PL - NEG - RECIP - CAUS :ashame- PST -1 P ‘We didn’t shame each other’ a- ho- ba-ke Gta ʔ : NEG - RECIP -get- T / A ‘He did not meet him/her/it’ Juang: a- ku- buji-ri-kia NEG - RECIP - LOVE - PRS - DL ‘They don’t like each other’

Reciprocal Prefixes Sora: ə l- Juang: ko-/ku- Gta ʔ : ho- (<?* ko- or o- ) Gorum: al-pa ˀ d ‘to mend’; pa ˀ d ‘to sew’ Kharia: kol RECIPROCAL (free form!)

Negative Prefixes Gorum: ar- , or- , r- , ( aj- IRREALIS ) Sora: ə d- ( əʔ - , ə r- , ə n- , ...) Gta ʔ : ar- , r- Gutob: ar- * ə d- Remo: ar- , a- AA: * ə t Juang: ara- , a- , ama- Donegan & Stampe (2004)

Gorum Negative • or- NEG : NPST • ar- NEG : PST / NEG : IRREALIS • i ŋ ko ʔ NEG . COPULA REALIS / INDICATIVE • i ŋ ka ʔ NEG . COPULA IRREALIS

CL PREF PREFIXES IXES STEM STEM SUFFIXES SUFFIXES S - - O - VEN IMP : PL MOOD - RECIP - CAUS : RDL : - TNS - VOICE ROOT INC G ORUM X X X X X X X X X X X S ORA ( X ) X X X X X X X X X X X J UANG ( X ) X X X X X X X X X X G TA ʔ ( X ) X X X X X X X X G UTOB ( X ) X X X X X X ( X ) R EMO X X X X X X K HARIA ( X ) ( X ) X X X X S ANTALI X X X X X K ORKU ( X ) X X X

CL PREF PREFIXES IXES STEM STEM SUFFIXES SUFFIXES S - - O - VEN IMP : PL MOOD - RECIP - CAUS : RDL : - TNS - VOICE ROOT INC G ORUM X X X X X X X X X X X S ORA ( X ) X X X X X X X X X X X ( X ) J UANG X X X X X X X X X X G TA ʔ ( X ) X X X X X X X X G UTOB ( X ) X X X X X X ( X ) R EMO X X X X X X K HARIA ( X ) ( X ) X X X X S ANTALI X X X X X K ORKU ( X ) X X X

* ə d- NEG S . PFX O . SFX *nen PL VEN

Proto-Munda Verb ( TAM RECIP ) [ DERIV : RDL : - INC ] - ASP - VOICE NEG ROOT PERF ? - CF CAUS MID IMPF ? * ə d *kol *V ˀ b- *-l PRF *-n *- ˀ b- *-t IMPF MID ...

Thank you! f.rau@uni-koeln.de