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Antropic influence on lakes water quality Antropic influence on lakes water quality – – case study of Bucharest city case study of Bucharest city

Luminita GHERVASE*,**, Cristian IOJA***, Elfrida M. CARSTEA* and Dan SAVASTRU*

*National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, Romania ** Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Romania *** Centre for Environmental Research and Impact Studies, University of Bucharest, Romania World Wide Workshop for Young Environmental Scientists 2011

Aim Aim

• Describe the quality of Bucharest

lakes, based, for the first time, on the comparison of standard and fluorescence measurements.

Sampling Sampling

Map with sampling locations

Physico chemical measurements Physico chemical measurements

Sampling campaign May – June 2010

• Dissolved oxygen
• Ammonia content
• Chemical oxygen demand
• Nitrates
• Fluorescence spectroscopy

Water fluorescence Water fluorescence

300 350 400 450 500 200 400 600 800 1000 W avelength (nm ) Intensity (a.u.)

W aveleng th (nm ) Wavelength (nm) 200.00 225.00 250.00 275.00 300.00 325.00 350.00 375.00 400.00

300.00 325.00 350.00 375.00 400.00 425.00 450.00 475.00 500.00

963.01 889.03 815.05 741.07 667.08 593.10 519.12 445.14 371.16 297.18 223.20 149.21 75.23 1.25

T1 T2 A C B M

Tyrosine (B): λex = 230-280 nm λem = 300-320 nm Tryptophan (T): λex: 230-290 nm λem: 320-350 nm Fulvic acids (C): λex = 330-360 nm λem = 380-480 nm Humic acids (A): λex = 230-260 nm λem = 380-480 nm Recent production (M) λex = 310-320 nm λem = 380-420 nm

Protein-like fluorescence Humic-like fluorescence

Results and discussions Results and discussions

P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9 P10 P11 P12 P13 P14 P15 P16

6 8 10

Dissolved oxygen (mg/l)

P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9 P10 P11 P12 P13 P14 P15 P16

5 10 15 20 25

Nitrates (mg/l)

P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9 P10 P11 P12 P13 P14 P15 P16

1 2 3 4 5

Ammonia (mg/l)

P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9 P10 P11 P12 P13 P14 P15 P16

20 30 40

COD (mg/l) W ater samples

Standard chemical parameters of the lake water samples

Results and discussions Results and discussions

P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9 P10 P11 P12 P13 P14 P15 P16

5.0x10

4

1.0x10

5

7.1x10

5

7.1x10

5

Fluorescence intensity (a.u.)

A

λex=260 nm

P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9 P10 P11 P12 P13 P14 P15 P16

2.50x10

4

5.00x10

4

1x10

5

1x10

5

1x10

5

T - B

λex=280 nm

P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9 P10 P11 P12 P13 P14 P15 P16

5.0x10

3

1.0x10

4

1.5x10

4

2.0x10

4

2.5x10

4

3.0x10

4

M

λex=310 nm

Water samples

P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9 P10 P11 P12 P13 P14 P15 P16

1x10

4

2x10

4

2.9x10

4

2.9x10

4

3.0x10

4

C

λex=340 nm

Principal fluorophores

Results and discussions Results and discussions

nm 254 /

ex 345 300 480 435

= =

∑ ∑

→ →

λ F F HIX

nm 310 /

ex 430 380

= = λ F F BIX

• BIX:

0.76 and 1.31

• predominantly autochthonous origin
• f DOM and organic matter freshly

released into water

• HIX: 0.59 to 2.48 bacterial
• rganic matter, of autochthonous
• rigin

and less DOM humification degree

nm 370 /

ex 500 450

= = λ F F FI

• FI ~ 1.24-1.39 mixture of allochthonous

and autochthonous organic matter

P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9 P10P11P12 P13P14P15P16

4.0x10

3

8.0x10

3

1.2x10

4

1.6x10

4

Fluorescence intensity (a.u.) Water samples

Results and discussions Results and discussions

Chlorophyll – a levels in the urban lentic systems

Conclusions Conclusions

Important microbial content found in all lakes, coming from water degradation sources Fluorescence indices showed the presence of bacterial organic matter, of predominantly autochthonous origin, with very low DOM humification degree. Ecological status influenced by individual residential areas in lakes proximity Good correlation with standard parameters

Thank your Thank your for your attention! for your attention!

The financial support for this study has been provided by Romanian National Program CNMP, project no. 92–104/01.10.2008, “Environmental management in urban residential spaces in the framework of current climate changes – ECOLOC”.