[PPT] - An Introduction to XHTM L Print Presented to the W 3C Print PowerPoint Presentation

SLIDE 1

An Introduction to XHTM L Print

Presented to the W 3C Print Symposium 2006

Dean Anderson, Hewlett-Packard Company October 17, 2006 dean.anderson@ hp.com

SLIDE 2

XHTML

Print

So why does the world need another print language?

W e already have:
PostScript/ PDF
PCL

– HP

EscP – Epson
And several others…

SLIDE 3

In the days of MS DOS – M x N Problem

M Applications N Printer Models

SLIDE 4

Basic W indows (and Mac) printing model

PC Application GDI+ (Graphics L ibrary API) Vendor Specific Printer Drivers

Vendor A Model X Vendor A Model Y Vendor B Model Q Vendor C Model W

Printer X Printer Y Printer Q Printer W Font L ibrary

SLIDE 5

Advantages of the PC Model

Abstraction of the printer – a standard, layered

interface, for supporting printing.

Allows the printer vendor to optimize cost tradeoffs
The cost historically was mainly in memory size
L

aser Engines required a full page bitmap because you could not pause in the middle of the page

PCL

5 in HP’s case. Higher level objects are passed to the printer – Text and graphics objects

Inkjet Engines could easily pause in the middle of the page.
PCL

3 in HP’s case. L

w level raster interface

SLIDE 6

Device Printing – A N ew Opportunity

SLIDE 7

Device Capability

Very limited resources – Memory and processor speed.
Connectivity challenges
N o USB in many cases
N o common IO in all cases
However, there is a trend towards internet connectivity but usually through

the PC.

L

imited operating system – no printer abstraction

In some situations, no ability to load new applications.
N o ability to load a driver
The MxN problem would not be tolerated by vendors that did not see a

lot of value in printing, or by printer vendors that did not see a big return on investment.

SLIDE 8

Objectives for a new printer interface

Common language across all vendors and printer

models.

Allow for printer differentiation
Small memory footprint
Appropriate for laser engines and inkjet engines.

SLIDE 9

Convergence of Standards Activities

In 2000, the Bluetooth Printer W G began working on a

Print Profile for printing from mobile phones and PDA’s.

About the same time the UPnP Imaging Committee began

working on a Print Service for device-to-device printing in the home.

Both needed to specify a mandatory print format and

image format for interoperability.

Several formats were considered, but all were found

wanting:

Postscript, PCL

, TIFF, J etSend, PDF, etc.

Bluetooth – BPP – Blue tooth Printing Profile
UPnP – UPnP PrintEnhanced:1

SLIDE 10

Enter Modularization & XHTML Basic

W hen XHTML

Basic advanced to R EC, a light went on… XHTML modules offer a format that:

Is suited for top-down, one-page-at-a-time processing;
Utilizes fonts on the printer, but tolerant of differing font

metrics

Is network ready (MIME type, http-equiv, etc.)
Has a well-defined, rich toolbox and strong standards

process for growth

Supports standard image formats
Coupled with a suitable CSS subset, provides strong

presentation flexibility

Provides an easy off-ramp for printing XHTML

Basic content

Allows for the printer to manage it’s own memory
resources. In the case of XHTML

image content can be pulled when needed as many times as needed.

SLIDE 11

W hat is XHTML

Print?

From the Abstract:

XHTML
Print is member of the family of XHTML

languages defined by the Modularization of XHTML .

It is designed to be appropriate for printing from mobile

devices to low-cost printers.

It is targeted at printing in environments where it is not

feasible or desirable to install a printer-specific driver and where some variability in the formatting of the output is acceptable.

SLIDE 12

W hat’s Included in XHTML

Print?
Essentially, it’s XHTML

Basic 1.0, plus:

Text Extension Module - Presentation
b, big, hr, i, small, sub, sup, tt
Scripting Module
noscript, script (for printing of noscript; script is ignored.)
Style Sheet Module
style
Style Attribute Module
style attribute
A requirement for baseline J

PEG support

SLIDE 13

W hy N ot J ust Use XHTML 1.0?

It is sometimes suggested that modular profiles are not the

best approach; that it would be better to just implement the parts of XHTML that are appropriate to one’s solution; and the parsing rules will ensure graceful degradation for incomplete implementations.

That approach would not meet the market requirements of

either printer vendors or client manufacturers for this solution: printed results must be strongly deterministic to control support costs. This implies the author must know which features are supported to ensure consistent output across all printers.

This requires specifying which features are mandatory;

ergo, a profile.

SLIDE 14

L

oking at printing from a W eb centric

point of view

Paper does not allow

for a scroll bar – yet.

Part of the challenge

was adapting XHTML to paged media – leading to the development of the CSS3 Module: Paged Media

SLIDE 15

W hy is Microsoft not interested in supporting XHTML Print?

XHTML
Print does not guarantee W YSIW YG

printing (W hat You See Is W hat You Get)

Basically there is no mechanism for downloading
r managing fonts.
The design center for XHTML
Print was “content is

king” – meaning it was more important to print the information then to meet W YSIW YG.

SLIDE 16

The Print L anguage is only half the problem

Printers also require a control mechanism
A way to submit a print job
Track progress
Manage exceptions
Out of paper
Out of ink
Paper jam
Paper size selection

SLIDE 17

UPnP Control Point – Object Oriented

Methods

(remote procedure calls)

GetPrinterAttributesV2
CreateJ
bV2
CreateUR

IJ

b
GetJ
bAttributes
GetMediaL

ist

GetMargins
CancelJ
b

Properties

J
b status
Printer State

Events

Printer state changes
Printer errors

SLIDE 18

R elated Standards Bodies

(Digital L iving N etwork Alliance)

Universal Plug and Play W ireless Mobile Handsets N etworked digital home services

SLIDE 19

DLNA DMPr Device DLNA DMPr Device

UPnP PrintEnhanced:1 Service UPnP PrintEnhanced:1 Service XHTML Print XHTML Print CSS Print CSS Print

UPnP Print Service Page Description Language

CSS2 Print Enhanced CSS2 Print Enhanced

DL N A Printing Profile

SLIDE 20

TCP/ IP opens up interesting solutions 2 & 3 Box Printing

UPnP Printer

2 Box Print

Content Control

Printer Controller Digital Media Server

3 Box Print

Printer Controller

Content Control Control

UPnP Printer

SLIDE 21

Content beyond the home

Internet

Content Control Control

UPnP Printer

SLIDE 22

Image Handling

XHTML

Print does not require

Embedded thumbnails
Image R
tation
Progressive rendering
Side-by-side images
Memory limitations in the printer may prohibit side-by-

side image printing. In this case the printer is allowed to reformat the page.

In all cases the printer should attempt to preserve the

content.

SLIDE 23

UPnP Photo Templates – Adopted by DL N A

Photo Printing - A Key emerging application.
Printers combine Images with an XHTML

template to create the printed page

+

XHTML Template Document XHTML Template Document =

2006 European Vacation 2006 European Vacation

SLIDE 24

XHTML Example – Photo Templates

57 Photo templates were written to make it easy

for vendors to print photos

Available at www.upnp.org
Allows for printing 1-8 photos on a page
Supports many different media sizes.
Prints “Standard photo sizes”: 10x15cm, etc..

1-up 2-up 3-up

SLIDE 25

2-up, 5x7 on A size Photo Template

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBL IC "-/ / W 3C/ / DTD XHTML

Print 1.0/ / EN"

"http:/ / www.w3.org/ MarkUp/ DTD/ xhtml-print10.dtd"> <html xmlns="http:/ / www.w3.org/ 1999/ xhtml"> <head> <title>2up_portrait_A_5x7in</ title> <base href="http:/ / insert.proper.address.here/ " / > <style type="text/ css"> @ media print { @ page {size:letter; margin:0.2in;}} body { padding:0in; } div.page { position:relative; page-break-after:always; } div.page_last { position:relative;} div.img1 {overflow:hidden; padding:0in; position:absolute; top:0.13in; left:0.55in; width:7in; height:5in;} div.img2 {overflow:hidden; padding:0in; position:absolute; top:5.46in; left:0.55in; width:7in; height:5in;}

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/ * 5 x 7 in * / img.img_23_0deg { width:7.5in; height:5in; margin-left: -0.25in; image-orientation:0deg; } img.img_23_90deg { width:7.5in; height:5in; margin-left: -0.25in; image-orientation:90deg; } img.img_23_180deg { width:7.5in; height:5in; margin-left: -0.25in; image-orientation:180deg; } img.img_23_270deg { width:7.5in; height:5in; margin-left: -0.25in; image-orientation:270deg; } img.img_34_0deg { width:7in; height:5.25in; margin-top: -0.125in; image-orientation:0deg; } img.img_34_90deg { width:7in; height:5.25in; margin-top: -0.125in; image-orientation:90deg; } img.img_34_180deg { width:7in; height:5.25in; margin-top: -0.125in; image-orientation:180deg; } img.img_34_270deg { width:7in; height:5.25in; margin-top: -0.125in; image-orientation:270deg; } img.img_916_0deg { width:8.889in; height:5in; margin-left: -0.944in; image-orientation:0deg; } img.img_916_90deg { width:8.889in; height:5in; margin-left: -0.944in; image-orientation:90deg; } img.img_916_180deg { width:8.889in; height:5in; margin-left: -0.944in; image-orientation:180deg; } img.img_916_270deg { width:8.889in; height:5in; margin-left: -0.944in; image-orientation:270deg; } </ style>

SLIDE 27

Image R

tation

Landscape (Most Common) Use 0deg rotation Reverse Landscape (Rare) Use 180 deg rotation Reverse Portrait (Common) Use 90 deg Rotation Portrait (Common) Use 270 deg rotation

SLIDE 28

Center Cropping

5x7 3:4 2:3 9:16

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