AL ALTERN TERNATE E LAND ND USE USE SY SYSTEMS STEMS Dr. G - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

AL ALTERN TERNATE E LAND ND USE USE SY SYSTEMS STEMS Dr. G Dr . G. M. SUJITH M. SUJITH UNIVERSITY OF UNIVERSITY OF AGRICUL RICULTURAL SCIENCES URAL SCIENCES,B ,BANG ANGALORE RE KARNATAKA KARN AKA

AL ALTERN TERNATE E L LAND ND USE USE SY SYSTEMS STEMS Land Land use use systems tems whic hich ar are alterna lternativ tives to crop production duction are called ar called by the he term term alterna lternate land and use se sy systems stems It It is is def defined ned as an effectiv ective economic conomic utiliz tilization ion of land and without ithout harmi harming the he na natur tural resour esource str tructur ucture based based on land and capa ca pabili bility ty It It in involv lves es the the addition ddition of per erennial nnial component component whic which has as dr drought ought toler olerance ance, can an withstand withstand the he aber errations tions of of monsoon monsoon and and impar mparts ts sta stabili ility ty to to pr production oduction

LAND CAP ND CAPABILITY CL BILITY CLASSES ASSES

Basic principles Basic principles  Selection Selection of a suita suitable le land-use land-use model odel  Identif Identifica cation tion of of tr trees ees /shr shrubs ubs tha that ar are not not relished lished by liv livestoc estock  Le Level of competition ompetition betw between een bushes shes and and crop for or soil soil & water er is is minimal minimal  Consider Consider the the farmer armers pr pref efer erence ence for fruit it plants plants  Impr Improved ed planting planting spot spot (dug (dug out out pit) pit)  Under Undertak ake in in -situ -situ water ter har harvesting esting (individual (individual) measur measures es

Various models of rious models of Alterna Alternate Land Use e Land Use Sy System stem  Ag Agri ri -hor -horticultur ticulture  Ag Agri ri -sil -silvi vicul cultur ure  Alle ley cropping opping  Le Ley farming arming  Silvi Silvi - pastur pasture  Tr Tree farming

Appr Appropri opriate land use te land use for a r a par particular land c icular land class ass Alterna Alternate e Land Use Land Use Land Ca and Capa pabili bility ty Rainf infall (mm) (mm) cl class Ag Agri ri -hor -horticultur ticulture Class II Class II 800 800 -1250 -1250 Ag Agri ri -silvicultur -silviculture Class IV Class IV 650-900 650-900 Alle Alley cr y cropping opping Class II lass II 800-900 800-900 Le Ley f y farming rming Class IV lass IV 300-600 300-600 Silvi Silvi pastur asture Class VI Class VI 600-1250 600-1250 Tr Tree f farming Class VII Class VII 100-1250 100-1250

Ecological inter Ecological interaction betw action between tr een trees and ees and cr crops ops  Trees ees contr ontrol soil oil loss oss and nd runof unoff water er  Impr Improve soil oil proper operties ies thr hrough ough ef efficient cient nutrient utrient rec ecycli ling ng and and nutrient trient conser conservation tion  Combina Combination ion of ann nnual ual crops ops and and trees es / bushes ushes can can incr increa ease se biomass biomass production oduction because because of dif ifferences nces in in rooting ooting depths ths  Trees/b ees/bushes shes ar are less ess prone one than than ann annual al cr crops ops to to extr treme eme soil soil and and clima limatic tic conditions onditions  Trees ees / bushes shes ensur ensure atleast least some ome returns eturns even if the he cr crop op fail ils

 All All drylands lands ar are not not suita suitable for crop production. duction. These ese lands lands can an be be used used for other ther than than cr crop op pr production oduction based based on on their their capabili ilities ties  Dif Differ erent ent models odels of alte lterna nate te land land uses uses should should be esta established lished in an appr ppropria opriate land and capabili ility ty class ass

MODELS OF AL MODEL OF ALTERN TERNATE E LAND ND USE USE SY SYSTEMS STEMS Dr. G Dr . G. M. SUJITH M. SUJITH UNIVERSITY OF UNIVERSITY OF AGRICUL RICULTURAL SCIENCES URAL SCIENCES,B ,BANG ANGALORE RE KARNATAKA ST KARN AKA STATE

AL ALTERN TERNATE E L LAND ND USE USE SY SYSTEMS STEMS Land Land use use systems tems whic hich ar are alterna lternativ tives to crop production duction are called ar called by the he term term alterna lternate land and use se sy systems stems It It is is def defined ned as an effectiv ective economic conomic utiliz tilization ion of land and without ithout harmi harming the he na natur tural resour esource str tructur ucture based based on land and capa ca pabili bility ty It It in involv lves es the the addition ddition of per erennial nnial component component whic which has as dr drought ought toler olerance ance, can an withstand withstand the he aber errations tions of of monsoon monsoon and and impar mparts ts sta stabili ility ty to to pr production oduction

Various models of rious models of Alterna Alternate Land Use e Land Use Sy System stem  Ag Agri ri -hor -horticultur ticulture  Ag Agri ri - silvicultur ilviculture  Alle ley cropping opping  Le Ley farming arming  Silvi Silvi pastur asture  Tr Tree farming

VARIOUS MODEL RIOUS MODELS Agri- Ag ri-hor horticultur ticulture Practice Pr actice of of cultiv cultivating ing crops ops along along with with hor horticultur ticulture component omponent Suita Suitable le in in semi-arid semi-arid regions ions wher where ann nnual ual crop production oduction is low ow and and highly ighly unsta unstable

Ag Agri ri - Silvicultur ilviculture Pr Production oduction tec echnique hnique whic hich combines combines the the growing wing of of agricultur ricultural al cr crops ops with ith sim imultaneously ultaneously raised ised and and protected tected forest st cr crops ops

Alle Alley f y farming rming An An alterna alternate te land land use use system tem wher here cr crops ops ar are grown wn in in alle alleys formed rmed by hedg hedger erows ows of trees or or shr shrubs bs. It is mor ore profitable to plant plant hedg edgerows ws on on contour contours with ith 10 to 20 m spacing spacing Essential Essential fea eatur ture of of the the system tem is is tha that hedg hedge rows ows are kept pt pr pruned uned during during cr cropping opping to to pr prevent ent shading hading and and to reduce educe competition competition with ith food ood cr crops ops

Le Ley f y farming rming Le Ley farming ming aims aims to to gener nerate te in in situ situ fertility ility thr hrough ough rota tation tion of of legume le gume forages with ith cer cereals eals. It It is is impor important ant for or incr increased eased fodder odder pr production, oduction, a critical ritical component component in in rainf infed farming arming

Silvi Silvi - pastur pasture Mar Marginal inal drylands drylands, gener enerally ally shallow shallow and nd poor poor in nutrients utrients, can can also also yield yield better etter returns eturns thr hrough ough fuel fuel wood ood and and fodder odder. After After six six to eight to eight year ear rota tation tion even en ar arable le cr crops ops can can be grown wn on on built ilt –up up soil soil fertil ility ity This is sy system stem is is most most pr pref efer erable le wher where the he fodder dder shor shorta tages are experi perienced enced fr frequently equently – fallow allow land and can can be be spar spared ed for this his system tem

 Cr Crop op pr production oduction ma may be disastr isastrous ous in in the the year ears of drought, dr ought, wher wherea eas drought ught resistant sistant grasses sses and and trees ees could could be rem emuner unerativ tive  This is sy system stem not not only only helps helps in gener enerating ing muc uch needed eeded of off-season f-season emplo mployment yment in monocr onocropped pped drylands drylands but also lso utiliz utilizes es of off-season f-season rains ins whic hich ma may otherwise therwise go waste ste as run-of n-off, pr prevents ents de degrada adation ion of soils oils and and restor estores ecological balance ecologic alance  Dif Differ erent ent land use se sy systems stems so developed eloped should hould be used sed in in better better way for or incr increased eased and nd sta stabiliz ilized ed pr production oduction in drylands drylands

PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES OF PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES OF DR DRYL YLAND HOR AND HORTICUL ICULTURE TURE Dr. G Dr . G. M. SUJITH M. SUJITH UNIVERSITY OF UNIVERSITY OF AGRICUL RICULTURAL SCIENCES URAL SCIENCES,B ,BANG ANGALORE RE KARNATAKA ST KARN AKA STATE