Aerosol pollution control in the highw ay vicinities KOKOVKIN V.V. 1 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Aerosol pollution control in the highw ay vicinities

KOKOVKIN V.V.1, RAPUTA V.F.2, MOROZOV S.V.3

1Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, SB of RAS 2Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical

Geophysics, SB of RAS

3Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, SB of RAS

• 1. Sampling and chemical analysis methods of

investigation

Snow sample Melted sample Melting Large size particles solid fraction (d≥2 µm) Small size particles solid fraction (d≥0.45 µm) Liquid fraction (water solution) Filtration Macro-elements content Micro-elements content Micro-elements content Atomic Absorbance Analysis Method Atomic Emission Analysis Method Flame atomization Electrothermal atomization Na, K, Mg, Ca, Zn Pb, Cu, Cd Zn, Fe, Mn, Al, Pb, Cu, Cd etc., 15-20 elements Direct Potentiometry Conductivity Capillary electrophoresis Titration Cl, NO3, SO4 specific conductivity pH, alcalinity hardness, Cl

• 2. Models of experimental data interpreting

        − + − + =

+ 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 1

2 ) 1 ( 2 ) 1 (

P P P n P

x y x n k H u xp e x k n M q ϕ π ϕ

β β β β β η β η α cos sin , sin cos , cos , sin y x b y x a b y x

P P

+ − = + = − = − =

) , (

2 1 L

L ∈ η

, ) , , (

2 2

1 2 2 2

P L x y x Л

x d e y x q

P P P P

η β

η ϕ α

∫

⋅ − −

⋅ Θ =

( 1 ) ( 2 )

∫ ∫

+ Θ Θ = Θ Θ

πη

ϕ η ϕ λ

2 1 1

1

) 180 ( ) , ( ) , ( ) , , , (

P

L P P P

d d R x y x q y x S

• ,

) 1 ( , ) , (

1 1 1

1

+ = Θ = Θ

Θ

n k w x x

P P

λ

. exp ) , , (

1 1 1

     − Θ = Θ Θ

Θ +

x x x S α

   + ≥ + = + = ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ + = Θ

+

β β η α π ϕ ctg x y L ctg x y L k n H u k n M

P n 2 2 1 2 1 1 1

, , ) 1 ( , 2 ) 1 (

( 3 ) ( 4 ) ( 5 )

• Fig. 1.

Specific content of lead in a large size particles solid fraction (a) and summarized small size solid fraction and liquid solution (b).

• 3. Experimental results

а) Lead

• Fig. 2.

Distribution of lead in the fractions of sample taken at 50 meter distance from the road: 1- liquid, 2 – small and 3 – large size particles solid fractions.

• Fig. 3. Calculated and measured specific content of

benz(a)pyren in a snow cover of 1998-1999 and 1999-2000 winter ends b) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)

Table 1. Estimation of PAHs deposition values

PAH

Estimation, М, g/km 1998-1999 1999-2000 Benzo(a)pyrene 0,16 0,55 Fluoranthene 1,2 1,9 Pyrene 0,6 1,5

• Fig. 4. Modeling curve for benzo(a)pyrene aerosol

deposition in a highway vicinity of 2000-2001 winter season.

2007-2008 winter season

• Fig. 5. Modeling curve for

benzo(a)pyrene deposition in highway vicinities in 2003-2004 winter season.

• Fig. 6. Modeling curve for

benzo(a)pyrene deposition in highway vicinities in 2007-2008 winter season.

Conclusion

Analysis of data obtained showed that in 1999-2000 winter season the PAHs pollution was increased substantially. Aerosol particles PAHs contained also were grown. This means that less effective process of fuel firing in autotransport is used. The models presented were approved at the experimental data obtained

• n PAHs, different lead fractions and macro-component composition
• f snow samples.

Analysis of data for 2003-2004 and 2007-2008 winter seasons showed substantial growth of PAHs pollution that concerns with number of cars growth in the city and its regime of movement.

Thanks for your attention