[PPT] - Advanced Very High Resolution Advanced Very High Resolution PowerPoint Presentation

SLIDE 1

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR)

SLIDE 2

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

SLIDE 3

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010 http://www2.ncdc.noaa.gov/docs/klm/html/c3/sec3-1.htm

SLIDE 4

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010 http://coastwatch.noaa.gov/ http://coastwatch.noaa.gov/

SLIDE 5

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

Onboard NOAA Satellites
AM and PM polar orbiting
High temporal resolution
Multiple coverage using four

NOAA satellites

8-10 passes a day in Alaska
2400 km swath width
Onboard NOAA Satellites
AM and PM polar orbiting
High temporal resolution
Multiple coverage using four

NOAA satellites

8-10 passes a day in Alaska
2400 km swath width

SLIDE 6

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

SLIDE 7

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

Tradeoff: High Temporal Resolution(daily)
Low Spatial Resolution
Historic data since 1981….
Tradeoff: High Temporal Resolution(daily)
Low Spatial Resolution
Historic data since 1981….

SLIDE 8

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

Instantaneous Field of View 1.1km only at nadir

Huge scan angle: +/- 55 degrees

Instantaneous Field of View 1.1km only at nadir

Huge scan angle: +/- 55 degrees

SLIDE 9

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

Bidirectional Reflectance Problem Bidirectional Reflectance Problem

SLIDE 10

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

SLIDE 11

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

Broad spectral bands compared to

instruments designed for land remote sensing

Broad spectral bands compared to

instruments designed for land remote sensing

AVHRR Data Problems AVHRR Data Problems

SLIDE 12

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

No on-board calibration of red or near-

infrared channels

No on-board calibration of red or near-

infrared channels

AVHRR Data Problems AVHRR Data Problems

SLIDE 13

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

1 1 . 0 5 1 . 1 1 . 1 5 1 . 2 1 . 2 5 1 . 3 1 9 8 0 1 9 8 5 1 9 9 0 1 9 9 5 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 5 Y e a r N O A A 7 N O A A 9 N O A A 1 1 N O A A 1 4 N O A A 1 6

C h a n n e l 2 C h a n n e l 2

0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1

1980 1980 NOAA7 NOAA9

NOAA11

NOAA14 NOAA16

Degradation in spectral Response (from ocean observations) Degradation in spectral Response (from ocean observations)

C h a n n e l 1 C h a n n e l 1

2005 2005

SLIDE 14

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

Lacks onboard calibration.
Broad spectral bands
Orbital drift
Lacks onboard calibration.
Broad spectral bands
Orbital drift

AVHRR Data Problems AVHRR Data Problems

SLIDE 15

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

SLIDE 16

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

SLIDE 17

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

SLIDE 18

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)

Surface NDVI Soil < 0 Water <0 Willow Shrub 0.3-0.5 Birch Forest 0.6-0.8 Surface NDVI Soil < 0 Water <0 Willow Shrub 0.3-0.5 Birch Forest 0.6-0.8

SLIDE 19

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

Red Reflectance Near-IR Reflectance

Dry Soil

High High

Urban

High High

Clear Water

Low Low

Muddy Water

High Low

Burned Area

Low Low

Ocean Water

Low Low

Sand Dunes

High High

Clouds

High High

Vegetation

Low High

SLIDE 20

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

Minimize cloud-contaminated pixels
Minimize off-nadir pixels
Capture peak of photosynthetic activity
Minimize cloud-contaminated pixels
Minimize off-nadir pixels
Capture peak of photosynthetic activity

Maximum NDVI Compositing Maximum NDVI Compositing

SLIDE 21

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

SLIDE 22

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

Free, ftp download
Global, 8-km pixels
15-day composite period
1981-2006
Corrected for calibration and orbit drift
Adjusted for major volcanic eruptions
Free, ftp download
Global, 8-km pixels
15-day composite period
1981-2006
Corrected for calibration and orbit drift
Adjusted for major volcanic eruptions

GLIMMS (Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies) NDVI data

http://glcf.umiacs.umd.edu/data/gimms/

GLIMMS (Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies) NDVI data

http://glcf.umiacs.umd.edu/data/gimms/

SLIDE 23

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010 June 1-15 bimonthly NDVI 1982 June 1-15 bimonthly NDVI 1982

SLIDE 24

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010 June 16-30 bimonthly NDVI 1982 June 16-30 bimonthly NDVI 1982

SLIDE 25

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010 July 1-15 bimonthly NDVI 1982 July 1-15 bimonthly NDVI 1982

SLIDE 26

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

From USGS EROS Data Center
Not free, not corrected
15-day composite period
1991-2005
NDVI scaled to 0-250
Channels 1-5 included
Date of pixel observation included
From USGS EROS Data Center
Not free, not corrected
15-day composite period
1991-2005
NDVI scaled to 0-250
Channels 1-5 included
Date of pixel observation included

Alaska 1-km Composite NDVI data Alaska 1-km Composite NDVI data

SLIDE 27

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

SLIDE 28

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

Phenology metrics derived from NDVI
Free
1991-2000
Phenology metrics derived from NDVI
Free
1991-2000

http://agdc.usgs.gov/data/usgs/erosafo/ak_avhrr/ak_avhrr_ndvi.html#2000 http://agdc.usgs.gov/data/usgs/erosafo/ak_avhrr/ak_avhrr_ndvi.html#2000

SLIDE 29

AVHRR NRM641 Spring 2010

References References

Hope et al. 1999. Estimating lake area in an Arctic

landscape using linear mixture modelling. Int. J. Remote Sensing. 20:829-835. 102:13521-13525.

Goetz et al. 2005. Satellite-observed photosynthetic

trends across boreal North America associated with climate and fire disturbance. PNAS.

Raynolds et al. 2008. Relationship between satellite-

derived land surface temperatures, arctic vegetation types, and NDVI. Remote Sensing of Environment. 112:1884-1894.

Hope et al. 1999. Estimating lake area in an Arctic

landscape using linear mixture modelling. Int. J. Remote Sensing. 20:829-835. 102:13521-13525.

Goetz et al. 2005. Satellite-observed photosynthetic

trends across boreal North America associated with climate and fire disturbance. PNAS.

Raynolds et al. 2008. Relationship between satellite-