Adlocutio or Vision of the Cross, 1521 Leo as Clement I Vision of - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Adlocutio or Vision of the Cross, 1521 Leo as Clement I Vision of the Cross on eastern wall - opposite entrance from Stanza d’Eliodoro (cross rose in the east) space recedes to right

more stylized pattern over naturalism figures flatter to picture plane relief-like style delight in detail

Trajan’s Column Adlocutio

Arch of Constantine Adlocutio reused Marcus Aurelius relief Trajan’s head added 18c Arch of Constantine understood IMPERATORI CAESARI FLAVIO CONSTANTINO MAXIMO PIO FELICI AVGVSTO SENATVS POPVLVSQVE ROMANVS as image of QVOD INSTINCTV DIVINITATIS MENTIS MAGNITVDINE CVM EXERCITV SVO Christian triumph TAM DE TYRANNO QVAM DE OMNI EIVS FACTIONE VNO TEMPORE IVSTIS REMPVBLICAM VLTVS EST ARMIS ARCVM TRIVMPHIS INSIGNEM DICAVIT Translated: To the Emperor Caesar Flavius Constantine, the Greatest, Pius , Felix , Augustus: inspired by (a) divinity, in the greatness of his mind, he used his army to save the state by the just force of arms from a tyrant on the one hand and every kind of factionalism on the other; therefore the Senate and the People of Rome have dedicated this exceptional arch to his triumphs.

pyramid in Via Alessandrina destroyed Raphael - creating map of ancient Rome antiquarianism

Pope Urban between Justice and Charity expectation of marble statues > vitality of real presence disjunction

Justice traditional scales in left hand right hand holds neck of ostrich painted in oil (competition with Sebastiano del Piombo/Michelangelo) Sebastiano vied for the job introduces a Leonardesque sfumato Sebastiano wrote to Michelangelo: “Raphael’s boys had painted on the wall a trial figure in oil that was so exquisite it would outshine all of Raphael’s paintings in the Vatican palace.” saved R’s figures but re-prepped the walls for fresco

Michelangelo, Erithrean Sibyl

why an ostrich? Montefelto impresa > ideal prince dancing ostriches at performance of La Calandria humanist scholar, Pierio Valeriano - studied Horapollo 5th century treatise, Hieroglyphica 1st printed edition > 1505 Aldus Manutius acc to Horapollo > ostrich feather = symbol of justice because its feathers are all the same length

fragonard, studies after Raphael

Leo X commissioned 20 tapestries for Sala di Costantino Raphael designed extravagant > golden thread backgrounds 1 tapestry = 10x cost of pig to be hung on special occasions beneath frescoes

triumphal message abundance > garlands rearing lion > Leo lioness nursing cub > generosity pelican striking its breast > X’s sacrifice//Leo monkey?? vice/vanity snail + turtle > festina lente (Medici imprese) putti plucking ostrich feather no clear interpretation conversation pieces

putti with ostrich - under Justice ostrich feather > Egyptian symbol of justice 3 feathers in circlet > Medici impress contrast btw classical putti and ugly bird whole question of interpretation and meaning art mimics nature > artifice enigma demanding interpretation

Pope Damasus I between Prudence and Peace

Virtues of Moderatio and Comity

Virtues of Comity and Justice - painted in oil mural experiment during Raphael’s lifetime