a SENSOR OVERVIEW I Sensors: Convert a Signal or Stimulus - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Jan 24, 2024 277 likes •365 views

PRACTICAL DESIGN TECHNIQUES FOR SENSOR SIGNAL CONDITIONING I 1 Introduction 2 Bridge Circuits 3 Amplifiers for Signal Conditioning 4 Strain, Force, Pressure, and Flow Measurements 5 High Impedance Sensors 6 Position and Motion Sensors 7

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1.0 PRACTICAL DESIGN TECHNIQUES FOR SENSOR SIGNAL CONDITIONING I 1 Introduction 2 Bridge Circuits 3 Amplifiers for Signal Conditioning 4 Strain, Force, Pressure, and Flow Measurements 5 High Impedance Sensors 6 Position and Motion Sensors 7 Temperature Sensors 8 ADCs for Signal Conditioning 9 Smart Sensors 10 Hardware Design Techniques

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1.1 SENSOR OVERVIEW

I Sensors: Convert a Signal or Stimulus (Representing a Physical Property) into an Electrical Output I Transducers: Convert One Type of Energy into Another I The Terms are often Interchanged I Active Sensors Require an External Source of Excitation: RTDs, Strain-Gages I Passive (Self-Generating) Sensors do not: Thermocouples, Photodiodes

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1.2 TYPICAL SENSORS AND THEIR OUTPUTS

PROPERTY SENSOR ACTIVE/ PASSIVE OUTPUT Temperature Thermocouple Silicon RTD Thermistor Passive Active Active Active Voltage Voltage/Current Resistance Resistance Force / Pressure Strain Gage Piezoelectric Active Passive Resistance Voltage Acceleration Accelerometer Active Capacitance Position LVDT Active AC Voltage Light Intensity Photodiode Passive Current

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1.3 TYPICAL INDUSTRIAL PROCESS CONTROL LOOP

SIGNAL CONDITIONING TEMP SENSOR PROCESS HEATER SIGNAL CONDITIONING 4 TO 20mA TRANSMITTER 4 TO 20mA RECEIVER SIGNAL CONDITIONING ADC MICRO CONTROLLER DAC SIGNAL CONDITIONING HOST COMPUTER 4 TO 20mA TRANSMITTER 4 TO 20mA RECEIVER

CONTROL ROOM REMOTE

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1.4 STANDARDIZATION AT THE DIGITAL INTERFACE USING SMART SENSORS

NODE

FIELD NETWORK

NODE NODE BRANCH NODE SMART SENSOR SMART SENSOR DEVICE NETWORK SMART SENSOR SMART SENSOR

SMART SENSORS OFFER: I Self-Calibration I Linearization I Interchangeability I Standard Digital Interfaces

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1.5 BASIC ELEMENTS IN A "SMART" SENSOR Precision Amplifier High Resolution ADC Microcontroller Sensor

Pressure Sensor, RTD, Thermocouple, Strain Gage, etc.

SLIDE 7

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1.1 SENSOR OVERVIEW

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1.2 TYPICAL SENSORS AND THEIR OUTPUTS

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1.3 TYPICAL INDUSTRIAL PROCESS CONTROL LOOP

SIGNAL CONDITIONING TEMP SENSOR PROCESS HEATER SIGNAL CONDITIONING 4 TO 20mA TRANSMITTER 4 TO 20mA RECEIVER SIGNAL CONDITIONING ADC MICRO CONTROLLER DAC SIGNAL CONDITIONING HOST COMPUTER 4 TO 20mA TRANSMITTER 4 TO 20mA RECEIVER

CONTROL ROOM REMOTE

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1.4 STANDARDIZATION AT THE DIGITAL INTERFACE USING SMART SENSORS

NODE

FIELD NETWORK

NODE NODE BRANCH NODE SMART SENSOR SMART SENSOR DEVICE NETWORK SMART SENSOR SMART SENSOR

SMART SENSORS OFFER: I Self-Calibration I Linearization I Interchangeability I Standard Digital Interfaces

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1.5 BASIC ELEMENTS IN A "SMART" SENSOR Precision Amplifier High Resolution ADC Microcontroller Sensor

Pressure Sensor, RTD, Thermocouple, Strain Gage, etc.

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1.6 THE EVEN SMARTER SENSOR Sensor MicroConverterTM !

Pressure Sensor, RTD, Thermocouple, Strain Gage, etc.