A new Road to Axion Dark Matter Detection Axions in a nutshell - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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A new Road to Axion Dark Matter Detection Axions in a nutshell - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Aug 18, 2022 646 likes β€’919 views

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions B. Majorovits A new Road to Axion Dark Matter Detection Axions in a nutshell Dielectric haloscope concept Simulations Proof of Principle Setup The magnet The booster Outlook

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SLIDE 1

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

A new Road to Axion Dark Matter Detection

  • Axions in a nutshell
  • Dielectric haloscope concept
  • Simulations
  • Proof of Principle Setup
  • The magnet
  • The booster
  • Outlook

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SLIDE 2

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MADMAX @ MPP

2 Many thanks for the continuous support from the mechanical workshop!

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SLIDE 3

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

𝚰 πœ·π’• πŸ—π† 𝑯𝝂𝝃𝒃𝑯 𝒃

𝝂𝝃 𝝑 π“œπ‘πƒπ„

CP violating term in QCD Induces neutron EDM:

𝚰 = 𝚰 βˆ’ arg det 𝑡𝒓 < πŸπŸβˆ’πŸπŸ

phases from Yukawa coupling: CKM matrix Random phase from 𝚰-vacuum

𝒆𝒐~πœ€Β·πŸπŸβˆ’πŸπŸ• e cm Experimental limits on EDM of neutron: 𝒆𝒐< πŸ’ βˆ™ πŸπŸβˆ’πŸ‘πŸ•

The strong CP problem

Why does random vacuum 𝚰 term compensate phases from CKM matrix to 1 in 1010 ???

Pendlebury et al.,

  • Phys. Rev. D 92, 092003 (2015)

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SLIDE 4

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

Taken from G. Raffelt

βˆ’Ο€ < 𝚰 < Ο€ 𝚰 = 𝟏 Potenital after PC symmetry breaking QCD Potenital after QCD phase transition

Solution to the strong CP problem?

Peccei Quinn symmetry breaking

𝑏 π‘Š(𝑏) 𝑏 π‘Š(𝑏) Θ = 0

QCD CP invariant at minimum, i.e. for 𝚰 = 𝟏 If axion exists: οƒ  contribution to Dark Matter! As relic oscillations of 𝚰 around minimum

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SLIDE 5

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

Qi arbitrary–p – p de Broglie

1m 1mm 1km 1000km

scenario Pre-inflationary

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Qi βˆ… of all possible values Experiment fits into wave (particle)! Predictions:

Post-inflationary

eV meV meV ma neV GHz nΞ³ THz MHz kHz

The β€žGrandeurβ€œ of axions?

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SLIDE 6

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

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SLIDE 7

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

Axion couples to photon

𝑏 Ξ³ Ξ³

ℒ𝑏𝛿= βˆ’ 𝑕𝑏𝛿 4 𝐺𝐺 𝑏 = 𝑕𝑏𝛿 𝐅 β‹… 𝐂 𝑏 = 𝛽 2𝜌 𝐹 𝑂 βˆ’ 1.92 𝑏 𝑔

𝑏

𝐅 β‹… 𝐂 𝛂 Γ— π‘ͺ βˆ’ 𝑭 = 𝑲 + 𝑕𝑏𝛿 π‘ͺ𝑏

Modifies Maxwell equations οƒ  Additional source term

External B-field οƒ  Axion-field sources an E-field οƒ E-field oscillations!

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SLIDE 8

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

Effect of dielectrics in oscillating E-field:

𝑸 𝑩 𝒏𝒋𝒔𝒔𝒑𝒔 ~ πŸ‘ βˆ™ πŸπŸβˆ’πŸ‘πŸ– 𝑿

π’πŸ‘

π‘ͺ|| 𝟐𝟏 𝑼

πŸ‘

π’‰π’ƒπœΉπœΉπ’π’ƒ

πŸ‘

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SLIDE 9

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

Dielectric haloscope

  • Add up coherent emission

from all surfaces

  • Set disk distances to use

resonant effects

  • Changing distances

changes sensitive frequency range

  • β€žPower boostβ€œ X bandwidth

~ proportional Ρ·Ndisk

  • Power boost fewΒ·104

οƒ  ~ 80 disc of LAlO3 οƒ  P ~ 10-23W οƒ  Detectable!

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SLIDE 10

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

Simulation of beam shape:

20 LaAlO3 disks + Mirror, D=20cm 10

Work in progress, Stefan Knirck, Chang Lee

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SLIDE 11

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

Simulation of antenna coupling:

20 LaAlO3 disks +Mirror, D=20cm

Work in progress, Stefan Knirck

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SLIDE 12

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

5 Sapphire Disks + Mirror, D=20cm

Sensitivity to disk tilts:

Work in progress, Stefan Knirck

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SLIDE 13

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

Effect of dielectric loss:

Master thesis Alexander Partsch, 2018

20 LaAlO3 disks + Mirror

Realistic tanΞ΄~10-4 Transparent case: <1%loss 50MHz booster config: ~2% loss β€žResonantβ€œ case: ~50% loss οƒ Dielectric loss of material not a problem for 20 disks οƒ To be confirmed for 80 disks

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SLIDE 14

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

Proof of principle:

Reproducibility of boost factor

Master thesis Jacob Egge, 2018

Precision of disk positioning: under control for up to 5 disks. More disks : Reflections need supression οƒ  Work in progress

(Mirror – Antenna design) 14

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SLIDE 15

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

COLLABROATION MAgnetized Disc and Mirror Axion eXperiment

RWTH Aachen MPIfR Bonn DESY Hamburg UniversitΓ€t Hamburg MPI fΓΌr Physik MΓΌnchen CEA Irfu Saclay UniversitΓ€t TΓΌbingen Universidad Zaragoza Associate member: CPPM, Marseille Discussions with: IKZ, Berlin

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SLIDE 16

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

MAgnetized Disc and Mirror Axion eXperiment

Mirror Parabolic Mirror 10 T dipole magnet Horn antenna (+ receiver) 80 adjustable dielectric discs ⊘: ~1m Separate cryogenic volume

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SLIDE 17

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

The magnet

Design studies by innovation partners: Both built on NbTi coils FoM > 100 TΒ²mΒ² can be reached using NbTi: 9T 1.25 mΒ² aperture:

  • Homogeneity acceptable
  • Forces under control
  • Quenching behavior ok

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SLIDE 18

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

The magnet Design status evaluated by expert team: No show stoppers! We have the right β€žinnovation partnersβ€œ The show must go on!

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SLIDE 19

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

Antenna

The (prototype) Booster

Build prototype with 20 discs, 30cm diameter Potentially use inside prototype ( few T) magnet: οƒ  Test feasibility of 1mΒ² booster οƒ  First physics results (without magnet: hidden photons) Design tasks shared between UHH and MPP

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SLIDE 20

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

The (prototype) Booster

Build prototype with 20 discs, 30cm diameter Use inside prototype ( few T) magnet: οƒ  Test feasibility of 1mΒ² booster οƒ  First physics results

Work in progress, D. Kittlinger, A. Sedlak

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SLIDE 21

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

The (prototype) Booster

Development and test of Piezo motors for operation at 4 K in 10T B-field: In cooperation with company οƒ  Tests at 4K coming soon

Work in progress, Chang Lee, David Kittlinger, Chris Gooch

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SLIDE 22

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

Tentative time scale

2019 Magnet decision 2021 Demonstrator coil Prototype Booster 2022 First Physics results (Prototype magnet?) 2025 Final magnet availability

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SLIDE 23

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

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SLIDE 24

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

https://indico.desy.de/indico/event/22018/ Sign up to support axion research in Europe: Your support would be very welcome!

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SLIDE 25

MadMax for the search of Dark Matter Axions

  • B. Majorovits

MPP Project Review 2018, Dec. 17-18

Conclusions

  • Axions solve strong CP problem
  • Axions are very

good DM candidate

  • Dielectric haloscope could be

route to their discovery

  • Simulations give

confidence in concept

  • Magnet is big but feasible
  • Booster R&D ongoing

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