A Global View of X-ray time lags in Seyfert Galaxies Erin Kara - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

▶

May 24, 2023 377 likes •630 views

ESAC Meeting 9 June 2015 Madrid, Spain A Global View of X-ray time lags in Seyfert Galaxies Erin Kara ekara@ast.cam.ac.uk Collaborators: Will Alston, Andy Fabian, Ed Cackett, Phil Uttley, Abdu Zoghbi, Giorgio Matt, Andrea Marinucci, Dom

SLIDE 1

A Global View of X-ray time lags in Seyfert Galaxies

Erin Kara

ekara@ast.cam.ac.uk

Collaborators: Will Alston, Andy Fabian, Ed Cackett, Phil Uttley, Abdu Zoghbi, Giorgio Matt, Andrea Marinucci, Dom Walton, Fiona Harrison, Michael Parker

ESAC Meeting 9 June 2015 Madrid, Spain

SLIDE 2

[0.6-1.6] × 10-4 Hz Lag (s) −250 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 Energy (keV) 1 5 10 [3.2-5.2] × 10-3 Hz Lag (s) −200 100 Energy (keV) 1 5 10 Lag (s) −200 200 400 600 Frequency (Hz) 10−4 5×10−4 10−3 between 0.3-1 keV and 1-4 keV ➊

➋ ➊ ➋

Reverberation Propagation

Reverberation with XMM-Newton

EK+13, also Zoghbi+12,13 Cackett+13, De Marco+13, Emmanoloupolous+14, Uttley+14 for a review

Kotov+04 Arevalo+06

SLIDE 3

Lag (s)

−200 200 400 600 800

Energy (keV)

10 5 20 50

Lag Spectrum

ratio data/model

0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3

Energy (keV)

10 5 20 50

EK+15, see also Zoghbi+14

Reverberation with NuSTAR

Swift J2127.4+5654

SLIDE 4

Lag Energy (keV) 1 10

Uttley+14, adapted from EK+14

A Growing Sample of Reverberation

SLIDE 5

9 rg

Fe K lag

1 rg 6 rg lag (s) 10 100 1000 MBH (107 M⊙) 0.1 1 10

0.1 1 10 10 100 |τ| (s) MBH (107 MO

. )

6 rg 2 rg 1 rg

Soft excess lag iron K lag

De Marco+13 EK+13

A Growing Sample of Reverberation

SLIDE 6

A Global View

The Sample

All public XMM-Newton
bservations of

Seyfert Galaxies

Must be >40 ks exposure
Must have some

variability…

González-Martín & Vaughan 12

✔

x

SLIDE 7

0.3-10 keV Fvar 0.01 0.1 1 0.3-10 keV total counts 105 106 107 45 sources

SLIDE 8

Seyfert Type 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2

0.3-10 keV Fvar 0.01 0.1 1 0.3-10 keV total counts 105 106 107 25 S1-S1.2 12 S1.5 8 S1.8-2

SLIDE 9

0.3-10 keV Fvar 0.01 0.1 1 0.3-10 keV total counts 105 106 107

SLIDE 10

0.3-10 keV Fvar 0.01 0.1 1 0.3-10 keV total counts 105 106 107 13 confirmed iron K lags

SLIDE 11

1H0707-495 ARK564 MCG-05-23-16 NGC7314 SWIFTJ2127.4+5654 MRK335 NGC1365 NGC4151 PG1244+026 MS22549-3712 REJ1034+396 NGC4051 IRAS13224-3809

0.3-10 keV Fvar 0.01 0.1 1 0.3-10 keV total counts 105 106 107 13 confirmed iron K lags

SLIDE 12

1H0707-495 ARK564 MCG-05-23-16 NGC7314 SWIFTJ2127.4+5654 MRK335 NGC1365 NGC4151 PG1244+026 MS22549-3712 REJ1034+396 NGC4051 IRAS13224-3809

0.3-10 keV Fvar 0.01 0.1 1 0.3-10 keV total counts 105 106 107 13 tentative iron K lags

SLIDE 13

NGC 5506 counts s-1 keV-1 0.1 1 Energy (keV) 1 10

Lag (s) −200 −100 100 200 300 Freq (Hz) 10−4 5×10−5 2×10−4 5×10−4 [3-8] × 10-5 Hz Lag (s) −500 −250 250 500 750 Energy (keV) 1 10 [8-30] × 10-5 Hz Lag (s) −200 −100 100 200 300 400 Energy (keV) 1 10 NGC 3783 counts s-1 keV-1 0.1 1 10 Energy (keV) 1 10 Lag (s) −200 −100 100 200 300 400 500 Freq (Hz) 10−4 10−3 [2-6] × 10-5 Hz Lag (s) −500 500 1000 1500 Energy (keV) 1 10 [6-40] × 10-4 Hz Lag (s) −100 −50 50 100 150 200 Energy (keV) 1 10

Tentative iron K lags

Best case Worst case

SLIDE 14

1H0707-495 ARK564 MCG-05-23-16 NGC7314 SWIFTJ2127.4+5654 MRK335 NGC1365 NGC4151 PG1244+026 MS22549-3712 REJ1034+396 NGC4051 IRAS13224-3809

0.3-10 keV Fvar 0.01 0.1 1 0.3-10 keV total counts 105 106 107 26 total iron K lags

SLIDE 15

9 rg 6 rg 1 rg

Iron K amplitude (s) 10 100 1000 Black hole mass (M/M⊙) 106 107 108

Lag-mass relation

assuming disc inclination

f 45 deg

SLIDE 16

9 rg 6 rg 1 rg

Iron K amplitude (s) 10 100 1000 Black hole mass (M/M⊙) 106 107 108

Reverberation lag—mass relation

SLIDE 17

1H0707-495 ARK564 MCG-05-23-16 NGC7314 SWIFTJ2127.4+5654 MRK335 NGC1365 NGC4151 PG1244+026 MS22549-3712 REJ1034+396 NGC4051 IRAS13224-3809

0.3-10 keV Fvar 0.01 0.1 1 0.3-10 keV total counts 105 106 107 26 total iron K lags

SLIDE 18

Mrk766 MCG-6-30-15 1H0707-495 ARK564 MCG-05-23-16 NGC7314 SWIFTJ2127.4+5654 MRK335 NGC1365 NGC4151 PG1244+026 MS22549-3712 REJ1034+396 NGC4051 IRAS13224-3809

0.3-10 keV Fvar 0.01 0.1 1 0.3-10 keV total counts 105 106 107 26 total iron K lags

SLIDE 19

MCG-6-30-15

Tanaka+95, Fabian+03, Vaughan+03, Miniutti+04, Brenneman+06, Chiang+11, Miyakawa+12, Marinucci+14, …

First broad iron line evidence for light bending?

SLIDE 20

Lag (s) −50 −25 25 50 75 100 Frequency (Hz) 10−3 2×10−4 5×10−4 2×10−3 5×10−3

ld observation

(a) [0.7-1.3] × 10-3 Hz Lag (s) −40 −20 20 40 Energy (keV) 1 10

ld observation

(b) [1.7-3] × 10-3 Hz Lag (s) −40 −20 20 40 Energy (keV) 1 10 Emmanoloupolous+11 EK+14

MCG-6-30-15

Papadakis+05

SLIDE 21

ld observations

keV2 (Photons cm-2 s-1) 10−3 0.01 Energy (keV) 1 10 ratio mean/covariance 10 5 20 Energy (keV) 1 10

mean spectrum covariance spectra: spectrum contributing to lags uncorrelated and/or non-varying component

MCG-6-30-15

SLIDE 22

Mrk 766

SLIDE 23

Mrk 766

1 0.5 2 5 10−3 0.01 5×10−4 2×10−3 5×10−3 0.02 normalised excess variance energy [keV] LF MF HF

Frequency-resolved rms spectra Arevalo+08

Fvar

0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25

Energy (keV)

10 5 20 XRT Coverage Count rate (s-1) 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Time (s) 5×104 105 1.5×105 data powerlaw model Normalized counts s-1 keV-1 10−4 10−3 0.01 0.1 Ratio 0.8 1 1.2 Energy (keV) 10 5 20 50 pcfabs*pcfabs FPMA FPMB Ratio 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 Xillver Ratio 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 Relxilllp Ratio 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 Energy (keV) 10 5 20 50

Recent 100 ks NuSTAR observation Parker, EK+ in prep

SLIDE 24

Conclusions

Global study of time lags in Seyferts is ongoing
Reverberation (confirmed+tentative) found in 26/45

sources

Most non-detections clearly due to lack of statistics,

but two sources—MCG-6-30-15 and Mrk 766—have “should” show reverberation

Further evidence for light bending?