2011-06-24 ITS in the Canadian Context: Initiatives, challenges, and some particular projects U. Valenciennes 2011 Soumaya Cherkaoui, PhD. Ing. Director, INTERLAB Professor, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Université de Sherbrooke � UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE A different North-American Vision...? � UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE 1
2011-06-24 Outline North American Efforts • IntelliDrive in USA • Canadian Context • AUTO21 • Transport Canada and ITS Canada • Conclusion � UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE R&D in North America Research on Intelligent Vehicles and Infrastructure • USA: the leader • Mexico: R&D almost inexistent in ITS • Canada: joint participation with the USA, alignment and programs complimentarily NAFTA: CANADA-MEXICO-USA • Trilateral meetings on transportation (border passing, freight and merchandise, security etc.) � UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE 2
2011-06-24 ITS in USA • ITS America/US DOT : IntelliDrive (VII before) • Michigan: test bed, pilot project and demonstrations: + 25 vehicles, 57 intersections and highway sections. MIT, Carnegie-Mellon, UMTRI, Rutgers, • ORNL: Commercial Motor Vehicle Roadside Corridor Project –100 km test track for wireless applications and other • California U. Berkeley: PATH: first working prototype with red lights + 40 units deployed over intersections and segments. U. Stanford: CarLab: • DARPA Grand Challenge and DARPA Urban Challenge � UNIVERSITÉ DE • Greenville SC (CU-iCAR), SHERBROOKE R&D on Wireless V2V and V2I Systems • FCC in USA allocated 75 MHz at 5.9 GHz for DSRC (licensed) targeting V2V&V2I applications (active safety). • Standards – IEEE 802.11p (DSRC) working group – WAVE (Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments) • There are many multi-million $$ for test bed implementations in USA and Canada to demonstrate the feasibility of V2V&V2I in active safety for light vehicles based on DSRC. • It has been demonstrated, at small scale, in North America that DSRC technology works in a reliable manner for V2I (vehicle to � infrastructure) communications EX. Project CICAS UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE 3
2011-06-24 VII versus VIC • Before: VII - “Vehicle-Infrastructure Integration” – American program aimed at enhancing public safety based exclusively on licensed technology (FCC 75 MHz en 1999) DSRC (5.9GHz Dedicated Short-Range Communication) – Expanding DSRC applications to enhance mobility (ex. Tolling) • Now (IntelliDrive): VIC - Vehicle-Infrastructure Cooperation • Vehicle-Infrastructure Coordination • Vehicle-Infrastructure Collaboration – Collaborative, holistic et agnostic to rely information on road environments by using ALL AVAILABLE wireless technologies licensed and/or non-licensed. UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE Original Objectives of VII • USA 1999: Big Bang Approach ! – Nationwide deployment of a dedicated communication infrastructure (DSRC) on the road – “Hot Spots” network (~250,000) – Equip Urban and Inter-State highways -- 150,000 km – Equip Main rural roads-- 220,000 km – Euqip 454 biggest urban zones (population > 50,000) • Serve ~ 70% total US population • Add 15 millions new vehicles equipped with DSRC at 5.9 GHz every year • Develop a nationwide VII architecture and a set of standards � UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE 4
2011-06-24 Expected Original Deployment on US National Road Network � UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE VII Consortium • Initially: an industrial consortium targeted at developing pre-competitive technology for road safety • Nine automobile manufacturers �� UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE 5
2011-06-24 Mainly targeted at active Safety V2V Applications • Approaching Emergency Vehicle • Highway/Rail Collision Warning Warning • Lane Change Warning • Blind Spot Warning • Post-Crash Warning • Adaptive Cruise Control • Pre-Crash Sensing • Cooperative Collision Warning • Vehicle-Based Road Condition • Cooperative Forward Collision Warning Warning • Vehicle-to-Vehicle Road Feature • Cooperative Vehicle-Highway Notification Automation System • Visibility Enhancer • Emergency Electronic Brake • Wrong Way Driver Warning Lights • Highway Merge Assistant �� UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE Michigan Developmental Test Environment (DTE) • Built at Novi, MI • Test bed for VII – 57 sites with RSE (Road-Side Equipment) – 13 highways; 44 Arteries – + de 100 km 2 coverage • 200 km of roads - Highways: ~80 km - Arteries: ~100 km �� UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE 6
2011-06-24 Michigan DTE – Private Applications Signal timing, EBL Tolling Speed limit, icy bridge, curve ahead Next exit services, traveler information Navigation, rerouting School zone Parking �� UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE Michigan DTE – Public Applications Ramp Metering Application Signal Timing Optimization Application Traveler Information and Corridor Management Load Balancing Applications Weather Information and Corridor Management Planning Assistance Applications use the entire DTE area All Applications except Signal Timing Optimization Application �� UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE 7
2011-06-24 California VII Test bed Vehicles: various manufacturers Infrastructure: • 40 RSE installed Potentiel trafic: 400,000 vehicles: • US-101: 215,000 • SR-82 (El Camino Real): 50,000 • US-280: 135,000 �� UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE California VII Test bed Applications: • Information for travelers (no. 511) • Collision avoidance at intersections “Intersection Collision Avoidance (CICAS Project) • Electronic payment and tolling • Alarms – speeding at curves • Private sector applications: vehicle tele diagnostics �� UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE 8
2011-06-24 IntelliDrive SM – VII : Showcase in 2008 �� UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE What is IntelliDrive SM ? • IntelliDrive SM is a set of technologies and applications which use wireless communication to offer . . . CONNECTIVITY • To, from and between vehicles; • Between vehicles and road infrastructure; • Between vehicles, road infrastructure, and portable devices . �� UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE 9
2011-06-24 Differences between VII and IntelliDrive IntelliDrive VII DSRC only Technology options OEM production units only Aftermarket and retrofit considered Light vehicle focus All vehicle types Prototyping/proof of concept Focus towards deployment Limited stakeholders (OEM) Broader stakeholder engagement Limited visibility by “outsiders” Greater program transparency US focus International harmonization Strong, collective USDOT support, Loosely coupled programs coordination, and leadership �� UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE Similarities between VII and IntelliDrive Connectivity � V2V and V2I National level interoperability Open standards for communications and data 5.9 GHz DSRC for active safety (& real-time mobility) Safety, mobility, environmental, productivity, convenience applications Applications must not compromise on safety or security Must protect privacy Continued close collaboration among IntelliDrive Coalition USDOT, AASHTO / local agencies and vehicle manufacturers �� UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE 10
2011-06-24 IntelliDrive SM :Plan • 5 year Plan for 2009-2014 • Comprises multiple applications for – Safety – Mobility – Environment • Committed partnership with public and private sectors • Intellidrive becomes real for public in 2014 �� UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE IntelliDrive SM : More info http://www.intellidriveusa.org / �� UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE 11
2011-06-24 Canada: a particular context • Canada population is about 32 millions • Canada has about 900000 kms of roads, (22 times world circumference) • Among which 100000 kms of important national and regional roads • Big spaces with little density • Big climate variations �� UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE Canada: geography Canadian Automobile Industry �� UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE 12
2011-06-24 Part of daily life… • Il fait froid…beaucoup de neige … et longtemps! �� UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE Not only vehicles on the road �� UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE 13
2011-06-24 Dangerous face-to-faces �� UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE Big spaces… …and roads punished by the climate �� UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE 14
2011-06-24 Canadian Organizations Involved in R&D on intelligents Vehicles Canadian Network of Centres of Excellence on the Automobile : www.auto21.ca VISION 2010 Network of Centres of Expertise (CoE) in ITS Pan-Canadian association of organizations and companies working in ITS. Mainly focuses on the deployment of ITS within infrastructure, public and multi-modal transportation. Not much R&D. Annual Conference ITS Canada. �� UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE Canada: automobile sector •Canada – 7e biggest producer of automobiles worldwide (10 assembly plants et 5 manufacturing plants). •More than 800 of automobile component suppliers, (APMA association) •More than 400,000 Canadians work directly or indirectly in the automobile sector - 1 /10 in Canada, 1/8 in Ontario. •Generates 10% of Canadian manufacturing GNP �� UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE 15
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