8. Politics and Diplomacy in the Age of Nationalism, 1850-1914 8.1 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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8. Politics and Diplomacy in the Age of Nationalism, 1850-1914 8.1 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Oct 18, 2023 211 likes •680 views

8. Politics and Diplomacy in the Age of Nationalism, 1850-1914 8.1 The Unification of Italy and Germany 8.2 Austria-Hungary 8.3 Russia 8.4 France 8.5 Socialism and Labor Unions 8.6 European Diplomacy, 1871-1900 8.1 The Unification of Italy and

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  • 8. Politics and Diplomacy in the Age of

Nationalism, 1850-1914

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8.1 The Unification of Italy and Germany 8.2 Austria-Hungary 8.3 Russia 8.4 France 8.5 Socialism and Labor Unions 8.6 European Diplomacy, 1871-1900

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8.1 The Unification of Italy and Germany

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Italy:

  • 1848 Revolutions
  • Charles Albert
  • Giuseppe Garibaldi
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Italy:

  • Count de Cavour
  • Piedmont-Sardinia
  • Victor Emmanuel II
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Italian Wars of Unification

  • Second Italian War of

Independence (1859)

  • Creation of Italy (1861)
  • Third Italian War of

Independence (1866)

  • Rome?
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Germany:

  • 1848 Revolutions
  • Frankfurt Parliament
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Germany:

  • Otto von Bismarck
  • Prussia
  • William I
  • “Blood and Iron”
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German Wars of Unification

  • War of Schleswig-

Holstein (1859)

  • Austro-Prussian War

(1866)

  • Franco-Prussian War

(1871)

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German Wars of Unification

  • War of Schleswig-

Holstein (1859)

  • Austro-Prussian War

(1866)

  • Franco-Prussian War

(1871)

  • Rome?
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8.2 Austria-Hungary

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Austria:

  • 1848 Revolutions
  • Emperor Franz

Joseph

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  • Austro-Prussian War

(1866)

  • Austro-Hungarian

Compromise of 1867

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Austria-Hungary

  • Dual Monarchy
  • Expansion into the

Balkans

  • 1908 Annexation of

Bosnia-Herzegovina

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8.3 Russia

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Prior to 1850:

  • Decembrist Revolt

(1825)

  • Nicholas I
  • Orthodoxy, Autocracy,

Nationalism

  • Polish Uprising (1830)
  • 1848?
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Alexander II Reforms

  • Serfdom Abolished

(1861)

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Alexander II Reforms

  • Serfdom Abolished

(1861)

  • Judicial and Penal

reform

  • Local Self-

Government (zemstvo)

  • Universal

Conscription (1874)

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  • Crimean War

(1853-1856)

  • Russo-Turkish War

(1877-1878)

  • Treaty of San

Stefano

  • Bulgaria
  • Congress of Berlin
  • f 1878
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  • Crimean War

(1853-1856)

  • Russo-Turkish War

(1877-1878)

  • Treaty of San

Stefano

  • Bulgaria
  • Congress of Berlin
  • f 1878
  • Pan-Slavism
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  • Narodnaya Volyva

(“People’s Freedom”)

  • Assassination of

Alexander II (1880)

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8.4 France

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  • 1848 Revolution
  • Party of Order – Louis

Napoleon

  • Napoleon III
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Foreign Policy

  • Crimean War (1856)
  • Italy (1859)
  • Colonial Empire
  • Maximillian III and

Mexico

  • Southeast Asia
  • Franco-Prussian War

(1871)

  • Siege of Sedan
  • Second Republic
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8.5 Socialism and Labor Unions

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1) Types of Socialism

  • Socialist Parties
  • Utopian Socialism
  • Anarchism
  • Communism

2) Common Features

  • Cooperation >

Competition

  • Anti-Private Property
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Communism: Origins

  • Karl Marx and

Friedrich Engels

  • Communist Manifesto

(1848)

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Communism: Beliefs

  • Capitalism contains

seeds of own destruction

  • “Workers of the World

Unite”

  • Revolution NOT

Reform

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“From each according to his ability to each according to his needs” – Karl Marx

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Socialist Parties

  • Labour Party

(Britain)

  • Social Democratic

Party (Germany)

  • Labor Unions
  • Bismarck’s Social

Insurance

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8.6 European Diplomacy, 1871-1900

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Foreign Policy 1) The Eastern Question 2) Imperial Conquest 3) Alliance System

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The Eastern Question

  • Crimean War (1856)
  • Russo-Turkish War

(1877)

– Treaty of San Stefano

  • Congress of Berlin

(1878)

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Imperial Conquest

  • Imperialism in Africa

and Asia

  • Russia and India
  • Fashoda Crisis

– Entente Cordiale (1904)

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Alliance System: Pressures

  • Franco-Prussian War

(1871)

  • Russia and India
  • Fashoda Crisis

– Entente Cordiale (1904)

  • Wilhelm II and

Weltpolitik

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Alliance System: Solidified

  • League of the Three

Emperors (1887)

  • Reinsurance Treaty

(1887-1890) – Bismarck Dismissed

  • Franco-Russian Alliance

(1894)

  • Anglo-German Naval

Race

  • Triple Alliance (1892)
  • Triple Entente (1907)