5/2/16 Insect Mouthparts Insects with Chewing Mouthparts Japanese - PDF document

5/2/16 2016 Plant Insect Update Insect CSI: Identifying the Culprit and Other Common Insects PJ Liesch UW-Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab pliesch@wisc.edu @WiBugGuy labs.russell.wisc.edu/insectlab/ University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab Insect Diagnostic Lab Google: Why is Identification Important? “Joe Boggs Ohio State Plant Diagnosis” § Know thy enemy § Know the insect know the biology & management § Understand the damage and potential impacts § Part of the IPM process § Help discover patterns in the landscape § Ex. Is it something new? University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab Insect Diagnostic Lab Problem with Plant Iden6fy the Plant No Are Insects Involved? § Sometimes difficult to determine Are insects involved? Disease, Fer6lity, or other Issue § Two types of insect mouthparts: Yes § Different patterns of damage Do you recognize the Yes No insect(s) involved? Collect Samples and Informa6on Iden6fica6on Do you have the Yes Complete resources to ID? Contact Diagnos6c Lab No University of Wisconsin–Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab 1

5/2/16 Insect Mouthparts Insects with Chewing Mouthparts Japanese Beetle Imported Willow Gypsy Moth Leaf Beetle Rose Slug Sawfly Eastern Tent Caterpillar University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab Insect Diagnostic Lab Tatters “Hard-to-Find” Cases: Borers Two Lined Chestnut Borer Emerald Ash Borer Bronze Birch Borer University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab Insect Diagnostic Lab Insects with Sucking Mouthparts “Hard-to-Understand” Cases: Galls Four Lined Plant Bugs Aphids Lace Bugs Honeylocust Plant Bug University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab Insect Diagnostic Lab 2

5/2/16 Diseases and other Disorders Collecting Samples § Physical samples § Insects § Plant materials § Digital Samples § Images § Other clues § Plant species/cultivar, site conditions, site history, etc. § Record in notebook / on data form University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab Insect Diagnostic Lab How to Properly Collect Physical Samples Things You Shouldn’t Do: § Place several types of live insects per container § Collect multiple specimens (if possible) § Hard-bodied insects § Place soft-bodied insects into vials w/o alcohol § Place into small container w/padding § Place onto tape § Soft-bodied insects § Place into container with alcohol § 60-70% ethanol (ideal) § If mailing: place directly into envelope § Hand sanitizer, rubbing alcohol (ok) § Identify as soon as possible University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab Insect Diagnostic Lab Submitting Samples Unless requested to directly contact the client, I will respond Digital Samples: to submitter: pliesch@wisc.edu • UWEX office/agent • Hort Help Desk • Response is Physical Samples: typically a phone See website call/email; can create written letter if requested University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Madison labs.russell.wisc.edu/insectlab/ Insect Diagnostic Lab Insect Diagnostic Lab 3

5/2/16 Digital Samples § Use best photography equipment available § Use as much magnification as possible § Take several photographs § Different angles, magnification, upper & lower surfaces § Include a size reference (if possible) § Take one of entire plant & surrounding area Other Clues: Get a glimpse of the “bigger picture” University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab Insect Diagnostic Lab What’s in Store for 2016? Clues to Keep an Eye Out For: § Size of the insects § Time of the year § Location in/on plant § Fine details of damage (frass) University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab Insect Diagnostic Lab Mosquitoes § Populations depend on weather; precipitation § 2016??? Medically Important Arthropods § High numbers in 2015 in June/July in some areas § Zika Virus??? University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab Insect Diagnostic Lab 4

5/2/16 Ticks in Wisconsin Tickencounter.org labs.russell.wisc.edu/wisconsin-ticks/ Great Info on: • Tick ID • Tick Testing • Etc. University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab Insect Diagnostic Lab Bird Mites University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab Insect Diagnostic Lab Indoor Insects University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab Insect Diagnostic Lab 5

5/2/16 Management of Indoor Insects Ants 1. Identify first, act second • Identifying species can be important step 2. The vacuum is your friend • Locating nest (if possible) • Not all baits are created equal! 3. (Bug) Bombs are not the answer* 4. Discretely-placed glue boards come in handy 5. Keep a plant-free buffer zone around your home 6. Fill in the gaps (caulk + expanding foam) 7. Know thy ant species 8. Detective work pays off 9. One word: Tupperware 10. Use your freezer to kill pests University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab Insect Diagnostic Lab Household Pests Foreign Grain Beetle • Common in August & September § Box Elder Bugs (down in ‘14 & ‘15); influenced by rain • Associated with new homes § Multicolored Asian lady Beetles University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab Insect Diagnostic Lab Masked hunter Bugs Bed Bugs vs Bat Bugs § Type of assassin bug § ID critical for management! § Feed on small insects indoors § Juveniles (nymphs) camouflage themselves with bits of lint, debris Bed Bug Bat Bug University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab Insect Diagnostic Lab 6

5/2/16 Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Brown Marmorated Stink Bug § Exotic, invasive insect from Asia § Introduced to US in mid 1990’s § Can attack agricultural crops, vegetables, fruit, ornamentals § Can be a structural nuisance § Gets into attics and crawl spaces University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab Insect Diagnostic Lab Brown Marmorated Stink Bugs § First WI Find: 2010 § 2015: 30+ cases § 2016: 25+ cases University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab Insect Diagnostic Lab Japanese Beetles • History: • Tend to be problematic in a given spot for 5-10 years Outdoor Insects • 2014 • Low numbers • Few reports of significant damage • Weather? • 2015: lowish numbers • 2016: Increased numbers??? University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab Insect Diagnostic Lab 7

5/2/16 Spotted Wing Drosophila SWD on Home Fruit § Invasive pest of fruits, from Asia § A number of home fruits can be attacked § Found in WI: 2010 University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab Insect Diagnostic Lab Emerald Ash Borer SWD Cases in WI: 2015 = Confirmed (42) = Suspected (7) § Exotic, Invasive Species from China § 2008: found in WI § Larvae kill ash trees by feeding on vascular tissues beneath the bark § Trees die within 1-5+ years depending on population density Photo Credit: David Cappaert, Michigan State University, Bugwood.org University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab Insect Diagnostic Lab EAB: Quarantine EAB: Quarantine EAB: Quarantine EAB: Quarantine early 2014 late 2014 late 2015 early 2016 Bayfield Douglas Ashland Iron Vilas Burnett Washburn Sawyer Florence Price Oneida Forest Polk Rusk Barron Marinette Lincoln Langlade Taylor Chippewa St. Croix Oconto Menominee Dunn Marathon Door Shawano Pierce Eau Claire Clark Pepin Kewaunee Wood Portage Waupaca Brown Outagamie Buffalo Trempealeau Jackson Waushara Manitowoc Winnebago Calumet La Crosse Monroe Juneau Adams Marquette Green Lake Fond du Lac Sheboygan Vernon Columbia Sauk Dodge Ozaukee Richland Washington Crawford Dane Iowa Jefferson Waukesha Milwaukee Grant Racine Lafayette Green Rock Walworth Kenosha Quarantined County University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Madison Map Credit: WI-DATCP Map Credit: WI-DATCP Insect Diagnostic Lab Insect Diagnostic Lab 8