1. Introduction 2. Literature Review 3. Hypotheses & Objectives - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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1. Introduction 2. Literature Review 3. Hypotheses & Objectives - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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1. Introduction 2. Literature Review 3. Hypotheses & Objectives 4. Experimental Setup 5. Results 6. Conclusions 2 Tri-State Mining District Lead zinc mines Abandoned in 1970 Resulted in upwellings Mayer Ranch Passive

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SLIDE 1
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SLIDE 2
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Literature Review
  • 3. Hypotheses & Objectives
  • 4. Experimental Setup
  • 5. Results
  • 6. Conclusions

2

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SLIDE 3

 Tri-State Mining District

› Lead zinc mines

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services

› Abandoned in 1970 › Resulted in

upwellings

 Mayer Ranch

Passive Treatment System (MRPTS)

3

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SLIDE 4

4

Oxida idatio ion Pond

  • nd

Surface ace Flo Flow Wetla land VFB FBR Limesto tone ne Be Bed Polis lishin ing Pond

  • nd

Reaerati tion

  • n

Pond

  • nd

Mayer Ranch Passive Treatment System

Flo Flow Surface ace Flo Flow Wetla land VFB FBR Reaerati tion

  • n

Pond

  • nd

Limesto tone ne Be Bed

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SLIDE 5

 Trace amounts of Ni and Zn are

detectable at the effluent

› Toxins in high concentrations

 Natural algae consortium may play a role

in metal uptake and release

5

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SLIDE 6

 Metal uptake by algae is possible

› Adsorption is the main removal mechanism

 Environmental factors and other

conditions influence sorption

 Metal preferences by algae species

› Algae & metal

species

› Age of material › pH › Growth rate › Algae concentration › Contact time › Presence of charged

functional groups

6

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SLIDE 7

 Algae with previous metals exposure

› Less inhibited growth

 Release of metals during decomposition

theorized

› Very few studies quantify desorption

7

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SLIDE 8
  • 1. Algae from MRPTS will be able to

uptake Ni and Zn

  • 2. The concentration of sorbed metals will

decrease during decomposition

  • 3. Some Ni and Zn will stay sorbed to

algae detritus despite decomposition

8

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SLIDE 9
  • 1. Algae from MRPTS will be able to

uptake Ni and Zn

  • 2. The concentration of sorbed metals will

decrease during decomposition

  • 3. Some Ni and Zn will stay sorbed to

algae detritus despite decomposition

9

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SLIDE 10
  • 1. Algae from MRPTS will be able to

uptake Ni and Zn

  • 2. The concentration of sorbed metals will

decrease during decomposition

  • 3. Some Ni and Zn will stay sorbed to

algae detritus despite decomposition

10

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SLIDE 11
  • 1. Determine initial concentrations of Ni

and Zn in MRPTS algae and water

  • 2. Measure the uptake of Ni and Zn by

algae during the growth phase

  • 3. Determine if conditions promoting

algae death affect [Ni] or [Zn]

  • 4. Measure Ni and Zn masses gained or

released during decomposition

11

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SLIDE 12
  • 1. Determine initial concentrations of Ni

and Zn in MRPTS algae and water

  • 2. Measure the uptake of Ni and Zn by

algae during the growth phase

  • 3. Determine if conditions promoting

algae death affect [Ni] or [Zn]

  • 4. Measure Ni and Zn masses gained or

released during decomposition

12

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SLIDE 13
  • 1. Determine initial concentrations of Ni

and Zn in MRPTS algae and water

  • 2. Measure the uptake of Ni and Zn by

algae during the growth phase

  • 3. Determine if conditions promoting

algae death affect [Ni] or [Zn]

  • 4. Measure Ni and Zn masses gained or

released during decomposition

13

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SLIDE 14
  • 1. Determine initial concentrations of Ni

and Zn in MRPTS algae and water

  • 2. Measure the uptake of Ni and Zn by

algae during the growth phase

  • 3. Determine if conditions promoting

algae death affect [Ni] or [Zn]

  • 4. Measure Ni and Zn masses gained or

released during decomposition

14

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SLIDE 15

15

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SLIDE 16

16

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SLIDE 17

17

Pennate Diatoms Mougeotia Oedegonium Spirogyra

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SLIDE 18

 Mea

Measur ure N e Ni a i and nd Zn n in in init initial a alg lgae e and nd water er s sampl ples es

 Fiv

ive e [N [Ni i and Z nd Zn] in t n] in trip riplicate

› 0.

0.5, 5, 2. 2.0, 0, 5. 5.0, 0, 10. 10.0, 0, a and 20, 20, m mg/L

 Cell

ell 6 6 water er a as bla blank s sample ples

 No alg

lgae c e cont ntrol s sampl ple (1 e (10 mg/L L Ni a i and nd Zn s solut utio ion) n)

 Des

Destructive s e sampl pling (i. (i.e., deple deplete e sampl ples es f for a r ana naly lysis)

18

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SLIDE 19

 Gro

rowth Pha Phase (5 e (5 da days): ):

› Provide photosynthetically active radiation

(PAR) lights

› 20°C

19

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SLIDE 20

 Chil

hilled Pha d Phase (2 e (2 da days):

› Promote death of algae

 Eliminate light  0°C

20

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SLIDE 21

 Dec

Decomposition Pha Phase (2 e (21 da days):

› Remain covered to prevent light › 20°C

21

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SLIDE 22

22

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SLIDE 23

23

Nic ickel Ni St Std.

  • d. D

Dev ev. Zinc nc Zn St Std.

  • d. D

Dev ev. MRPT PTS Cell 6 ll 6 Water er ( (mg/L) L) 0.05 +/- 0.0006 0.01 +/- 0.0001 MRPT PTS Cell 6 ll 6 Algae gae ( (mg/ g/Kg) g) 210 +/- 11 1213 +/- 161

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SLIDE 24

24

  • 10.0

0.0 10.0 No Algae Control Cell 6 Water 0.5 2.0 5.0 10.0 20.0 ΔMass M ss Meta tal (mg) Exper erimen ent Solution (mg/L) Solution Algae

Los

  • ss of
  • f

Ni i or r Zn Gain of n of Ni i or r Zn

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SLIDE 25

25

20°C w/ light cycles

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SLIDE 26

26

  • 6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0

0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 No Algae Control Cell 6 Water 0.5 2.0 5.0 10.0 20.0 ΔMass N Ni (mg (mg) Exper erimen ent Solution (mg/L) Solution Algae

Ga Gain in Loss

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SLIDE 27

27

  • 15.0
  • 10.0
  • 5.0

0.0 5.0 10.0 No Algae Control Cell 6 Water 0.5 2.0 5.0 10.0 20.0 ΔMass Z Zn (mg (mg) Exper erimen ent Solution (mg/L) Solution Algae

Ga Gain in Loss

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SLIDE 28

28

0°C w/o light

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SLIDE 29

29

  • 0.4
  • 0.2

0.0 0.2 0.4 No Algae Control Cell 6 Water 0.5 2.0 5.0 10.0 20.0 ΔMass N Ni (mg (mg) Exper erimen ent Solution (mg/L) Solution Algae Gain ain Lo Loss

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SLIDE 30

30

  • 2.0
  • 1.0

0.0 1.0 2.0 No Algae Control Cell 6 Water 0.5 2.0 5.0 10.0 20.0 ΔMass Z Zn (mg (mg) Exper erimen ent Solution (mg/L) Solution Algae Lo Loss Gain ain

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SLIDE 31

31

20°C w/o light

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SLIDE 32

32

  • 6.0
  • 4.0
  • 2.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 No Algae Control Cell 6 Water 0.5 2.0 5.0 10.0 20.0 ΔMass N Ni (mg (mg) Exper erimen ent Solution (mg/L) Solution Algae Lo Loss Gain ain

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SLIDE 33

33

  • 2.0
  • 1.0

0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 No Algae Control Cell 6 Water 0.5 2.0 5.0 10.0 20.0 ΔMass Z Zn (mg (mg) Exper erimen ent Solution (mg/L) Solution Algae Gain ain Lo Loss

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SLIDE 34

34

*Includes previous phase/s

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SLIDE 35

35

  • 6.0
  • 5.0
  • 4.0
  • 3.0
  • 2.0
  • 1.0

0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 No Algae Control Cell 6 Water 0.5 2.0 5.0 10.0 20.0 ΔMass N Ni (mg (mg) Exper erimen ent Solution (mg/L) Solution Algae Gain ain Lo Loss

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SLIDE 36

36

  • 10.0
  • 7.5
  • 5.0
  • 2.5

0.0 2.5 5.0 No Algae Control Cell 6 Water 0.5 2.0 5.0 10.0 20.0 ΔMass Z Zn (mg (mg) Exper erimen ent Solution (mg/L) Solution Algae Gain ain Lo Loss

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SLIDE 37

37

  • 10.0
  • 7.5
  • 5.0
  • 2.5

0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 No Algae Control Cell 6 Water 0.5 2.0 5.0 10.0 20.0 ΔMass N Ni (mg (mg) Exper erimen ent Solution (mg/L) Solution Algae Gain ain Lo Loss

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SLIDE 38

38

  • 12.0
  • 8.0
  • 4.0

0.0 4.0 8.0 No Algae Control Cell 6 Water 0.5 2.0 5.0 10.0 20.0 ΔMass Z Zn (mg (mg) Exper erimen ent Solution (mg/L) Solution Algae Gain ain Lo Loss

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SLIDE 39

39

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 Ni (mg) Day 20 (mg/L) 10 (mg/L) 5 (mg/L) 2 (mg/L) 0.5 (mg/L) Cell 6 Water

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SLIDE 40

40

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 Ni (mg) Day 20 (mg/L) 10 (mg/L) 5 (mg/L) 2 (mg/L) 0.5 (mg/L) Cell 6 Water

Initial

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SLIDE 41

41

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 Ni (mg) Day 20 (mg/L) 10 (mg/L) 5 (mg/L) 2 (mg/L) 0.5 (mg/L) Cell 6 Water

Initial Growth

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SLIDE 42

42

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 Ni (mg) Day 20 (mg/L) 10 (mg/L) 5 (mg/L) 2 (mg/L) 0.5 (mg/L) Cell 6 Water

Chilled Initial Growth

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SLIDE 43

43

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 Ni (mg) Day 20 (mg/L) 10 (mg/L) 5 (mg/L) 2 (mg/L) 0.5 (mg/L) Cell 6 Water

Chilled Decomposition Initial Growth

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SLIDE 44

44

2 4 6 8 10 12 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 Zn (mg) Day 20 (mg/L) 10 (mg/L) 5 (mg/L) 2 (mg/L) 0.5 (mg/L) Cell 6 Water

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SLIDE 45

45

2 4 6 8 10 12 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 Zn (mg) Day 20 (mg/L) 10 (mg/L) 5 (mg/L) 2 (mg/L) 0.5 (mg/L) Cell 6 Water

Initial

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SLIDE 46

46

2 4 6 8 10 12 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 Zn (mg) Day 20 (mg/L) 10 (mg/L) 5 (mg/L) 2 (mg/L) 0.5 (mg/L) Cell 6 Water

Initial Growth

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SLIDE 47

47

2 4 6 8 10 12 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 Zn (mg) Day 20 (mg/L) 10 (mg/L) 5 (mg/L) 2 (mg/L) 0.5 (mg/L) Cell 6 Water

Initial Growth Chilled

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SLIDE 48

48

2 4 6 8 10 12 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 Zn (mg) Day 20 (mg/L) 10 (mg/L) 5 (mg/L) 2 (mg/L) 0.5 (mg/L) Cell 6 Water

Decomposition Initial Growth Chilled

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SLIDE 49

 Sorp

rption o

  • ccur

urred duri d during ng g gro rowth a and nd decomposit itio ion n

 Desorpt

rptio ion b n back i into s solut utio ion n occurre urred d duri during ng c chil hilled ed pha phase

 Ov

Overa erall

› Sorpti

tion

  • n a

and rete tenti tion

  • n of
  • f Ni

Ni & & Zn by y algae

 Grea

reater er sorp rption n wit ith g grea reater [N [Ni] a and nd [Z [Zn] n]

49

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SLIDE 50
  • 1. Algae from MRPTS will be able to

uptake Ni and Zn

50

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SLIDE 51
  • 1. Algae from MRPTS will be able to

uptake Ni and Zn

  • Confi

firm rmed ed

51

slide-52
SLIDE 52
  • 1. Algae from MRPTS will be able to

uptake Ni and Zn

  • Confi

firm rmed ed

  • 2. The concentration of sorbed metals will

decrease during decomposition

52

slide-53
SLIDE 53
  • 1. Algae from MRPTS will be able to

uptake Ni and Zn

  • Confi

firm rmed ed

  • 2. The concentration of sorbed metals will

decrease during decomposition

  • Rejecte

ted

53

slide-54
SLIDE 54
  • 1. Algae from MRPTS will be able to

uptake Ni and Zn

  • Confi

firm rmed ed

  • 2. The concentration of sorbed metals will

decrease during decomposition

  • Rejecte

ted

  • 3. Some Ni and Zn will stay sorbed to

algae detritus despite decomposition

54

slide-55
SLIDE 55
  • 1. Algae from MRPTS will be able to

uptake Ni and Zn

  • Confi

firm rmed ed

  • 2. The concentration of sorbed metals will

decrease during decomposition

  • Rejecte

ted

  • 3. Some Ni and Zn will stay sorbed to

algae detritus despite decomposition

  • Confi

firm rmed ed

55

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SLIDE 56

 Natura

urally lly g growing ing a algae a at MRPTS i is capa pabl ble of s sorbi rbing N Ni i and Z nd Zn

› Likely

kely p provid iding ng a addit itio ional al treat atment

 Sorp

rption w was exhi exhibi bited ed by by liv living and nd dec decompo posed ed a alg lgae

› Algae w

ae will ll continu inue e to provid ide treat atmen ent

› More a

re algae ae p pres esen ent means ans m more re treat atmen ent

56

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SLIDE 57

 Peak S

Sorpt rptio ion

 Ef

Effects ts o

  • f se

seaso sonality ty

 Qua

Quant ntifying y yea earl rly upt uptake e

› Treat

atmen ent $ $ saved

› Cost b

benefit enefit o

  • f support

rtin ing a algae ae f for treat eatmen ment i in a a pass ssiv ive t e treat eatme ment nt s syst stem em

57

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SLIDE 58
  • Grand River Dam Authority

(GRDA)

  • Oklahoma Department of

Environmental Quality (DEQ)

  • Center for Restoration of

Ecosystems and Watersheds (CREW)

58

  • Rich Zamor
  • Steve Nikolai
  • Nick Shepherd
  • Zepei (Maggie) Tang
  • Amy Sikora
  • Derrick Nguyen
  • Bryan Page
  • Kandace Steele
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SLIDE 59

Any Questions?

59