Slide 1 / 48 Slide 2 / 48 3rd Grade PSI Inheritance of Traits www.njctl.org Slide 3 / 48 Table of Contents: Inheritance of Traits Click on the topic to go to that section · Traits · Inheritance of Traits · Variation of Traits · Environmental Effects on Traits · Summary
Slide 4 / 48 Traits Return to Table of Contents Slide 5 / 48 What is a trait? A trait is a characteristic of a living organism. Can you name 5 traits of the lion? Slide 6 / 48 Genetic Traits The lion has many traits. You probably said things like: .....he has a thick mane .....he has two eyes .....his chin has white hair .....his mane is brown and gray These are traits he got from his parents. We call them Genetic Traits.
Slide 7 / 48 Genetic Traits How many traits can you name about this dog? Slide 8 / 48 Can you compare the traits of these dogs? They have many traits in common, because they are all dogs. Do you think these dogs have the same parents? Why? Slide 9 / 48 Instincts Instincts are traits that are passed to offspring. This puppy is very young, but it has an instinct to howl. An instinct is a useful behavior. Click on the image to listen to the puppy. What else do you notice the puppy doing when he is howling?
Slide 10 / 48 1 Which of the following would be a trait of this animal? A long whiskers B curly fur Answer C mammal D pink eyes Slide 10 (Answer) / 48 1 Which of the following would be a trait of this animal? A long whiskers B curly fur Answer A C mammal D pink eyes [This object is a pull tab] Slide 11 / 48 2 Can an instinct be a trait? Yes Answer No
Slide 11 (Answer) / 48 2 Can an instinct be a trait? Yes Answer No YES [This object is a pull tab] Slide 12 / 48 3 An instinct is ____________ behavior. A a useful B not a useful Answer Slide 12 (Answer) / 48 3 An instinct is ____________ behavior. A a useful B not a useful Answer A [This object is a pull tab]
Slide 13 / 48 4 A raccoon washing his food before he eats it is an example of __________. A a trait Answer B an instinct C both a trait and an instinct Slide 13 (Answer) / 48 4 A raccoon washing his food before he eats it is an example of __________. A a trait Answer B an instinct C C both a trait and an instinct [This object is a pull tab] Slide 14 / 48 Mustard Seed Lab Later in this unit, you will learn about how the environment can affect organisms. Right now, you will setup an experiment with mustard seeds that will study this concept. You will continue to observe your mustard seeds throughout the unit.
Slide 15 / 48 Inheritance of Traits Return to Table of Contents Slide 16 / 48 Offspring Living things reproduce and create offspring that are similar to themselves. Although there are many similarities, there may also be some differences. Do you know why? Slide 17 / 48 Traits are passed from parents to offspring It is possible to look at traits and determine which baby belongs to which parent, because they have similar traits. Let’s look at a drawing of a cow to determine the important traits. For example, the size of the ears varies between types of cows. What are other characteristics do you think are important to look at?
Slide 18 / 48 Offspring are similar to their parents. Can you match the parent to the offspring? Below are pictures of adult cows (top) and baby calves (bottom). Can YOU find each matching calf and mother or father? Look for details!! Draw a line from the parent to the offspring. Slide 19 / 48 5 Find the offspring of this mother dog. A B Answer D C Slide 19 (Answer) / 48 5 Find the offspring of this mother dog. A B Answer C D C [This object is a pull tab]
Slide 20 / 48 6 Which is not a direct trait passed on from this bird's parents? A It has a long neck. Answer B It has feathers. C It has long thin legs. D It is 3 years old. Slide 20 (Answer) / 48 6 Which is not a direct trait passed on from this bird's parents? A It has a long neck. Answer D B It has feathers. C It has long thin legs. D It is 3 years old. [This object is a pull tab] Slide 21 / 48 7 Can a whale only have whale offspring? Yes No Answer
Slide 21 (Answer) / 48 7 Can a whale only have whale offspring? Yes No Answer Yes [This object is a pull tab] Slide 22 / 48 Variation of Traits Return to Table of Contents Slide 23 / 48 Are all offspring from the same parents exactly alike? Look closely at these ducklings. They have the same parents. There are small differences between each duckling. Can you name some differences?
Slide 24 / 48 Variations We call these differences variations. These puppies have the same parents, yet there is a lot of variation between these puppies. Can you describe the variations? Slide 25 / 48 Reasons For Variation Some variation is because traits have many possibilities. This is called a "range of traits." These flowers are Petunias. There are many possible colors of Petunias. What flower colors do you see? Slide 26 / 48 Human Hair Color There is a large range of human hair color. Of course, only the natural colors are genetic traits. Can you point out the hair color that is not genetic?
Slide 27 / 48 8 Which is NOT an example of a variation of traits? A A different shade of brown fur B Tall, medium and short plants Answer C chosing to study hard D purple and pink flowers on the same plant Slide 27 (Answer) / 48 8 Which is NOT an example of a variation of traits? A A different shade of brown fur B Tall, medium and short plants Answer C C chosing to study hard D purple and pink flowers on the same plant [This object is a pull tab] Slide 28 / 48 9 Offspring are usually _________ one another. A exactly alike B completely different from Answer C similar to
Slide 28 (Answer) / 48 9 Offspring are usually _________ one another. A exactly alike B completely different from Answer C C similar to [This object is a pull tab] Slide 29 / 48 10 In the diagram of human skin color, there are 36 possible colors shown. Does skin color have variation? Yes Answer No Slide 29 (Answer) / 48 10 In the diagram of human skin color, there are 36 possible colors shown. Does skin color have variation? Yes Answer Yes No [This object is a pull tab]
Slide 30 / 48 Variations of Traits Lab: Teacher Page Obj: Students will determine the offspring of a set group of parents. Materials: What Kind of Slythy Tove activity sheet 1. Give students a copy of the What Kind of Slythy Tove activity sheet . 2. Guide the students in following the directions on the lab sheet. Slide 31 / 48 Environmental Effects on Traits Return to Table of Contents Slide 32 / 48 Environmental Effects on Traits Lab: Teacher Page Obj: Students will observe environmental effects on a living organism's traits. Materials: Environmental Effect on the Growth of Mustard Seeds directions 1. Guide the students in following the directions starting at Step 5.
Slide 33 / 48 The Environment Causes Variation Often the environment an organism lives in limits how well it can develop. Salt is a poison for most plants. Near the ocean, salt is a "limiting factor." Grasses do not grow too close to the ocean because the salt water kills most of them. Only the most hardy grasses can grow near the sea. Slide 34 / 48 The Environment Causes Variation This tree lives in a windy environment. The normal trait would be for the tree to grow straight up. Can you tell which way the wind blows? Answer The seeds of this tree will not be affected. The trees which grow from them will grow up straight. Slide 34 (Answer) / 48 The Environment Causes Variation This tree lives in a windy environment. The normal trait would be for the tree to grow straight up. Can you tell which way the wind blows? Answer The wind blows from the right side The seeds of this tree will of the page. not be affected. The trees which grow from them will grow up straight. [This object is a pull tab]
Slide 35 / 48 More Environmental Effects... These deer are both White-tail Deer. The deer on the left lives in Florida. The one on the right lives in the mountains. Why do you think the hot climate deer are smaller? These deer weigh 25 to These deer weigh 60 to 34 kg (55–75 lb) and stand 130 kg (130 to 290 lb) and about 76 cm (30 in) tall at stand about 120 cm (47 in) the shoulder. tall at the shoulder. Slide 36 / 48 Environmental Selection The environment these deer live in affects their traits. The Florida deer must lose heat, so they tend to grow small. If Florida deer grew too large, they would overheat. The mountain deer need a larger body mass in the winter to stay warm. If they were too small they would not survive winter storms. Deer do not make a nest or home. They bed down in the forest and wait for the storm to pass. Slide 37 / 48 Environmental Selection Size is a genetic trait. All the Florida White-tail Deer are small, and all the mountain White-tail Deer are large. In this case, the environment has affected the genetic traits of the deer. This is environmental selection. Temperature limits the size range of the deer in different climates.
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