3D Data Geometries Unit 1 Slide #1 Field data acquisition Slide #2 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

3D Data Geometries Unit 1 Slide #1

Field data acquisition Slide #2 biondo@stanford.edu

Field data geometry Sources ( s) Receivers ( g) Slide #3 biondo@stanford.edu

Two marine shot gathers geometry Slide #4 Figure 1.3 biondo@stanford.edu

From field coordinates to midpoint-offset coordinates Slide #5 Figure 1.1 biondo@stanford.edu

Midpoint-offset transformation m = g + s , 2 h = g − s , Trace azimuth 2 ( ) = h cos θ h ,sin θ h ( ) h = h x , h y Slide #6 Eq. 1.1 biondo@stanford.edu

3D data acquisition geometries  Marine-data geometries  Towed streamers geometries  OBC and OBS geometries  Land-data geometries  Cross-swath geometries  Button-patch geometries Slide #7 biondo@stanford.edu

3D data acquisition geometries  Marine-data geometries  Towed streamers geometries  OBC and OBS geometries  Land-data geometries  Cross-swath geometries  Button-patch geometries Slide #8 biondo@stanford.edu

Marine streamer acquisition Slide #9 Figure 1.2 biondo@stanford.edu

Field coordinates Slide #10 Figure 1.3 biondo@stanford.edu

Offsets distribution of marine data Slide #11 Figure 1.4 biondo@stanford.edu

Single-Azimuth Acquisition Slide #12 biondo@stanford.edu

Multi-Azimuth Acquisition Slide #13 biondo@stanford.edu

Wide-Azimuth Towed Streamers (WATS) Courtesy of Carl Regone (BP) Slide #14 Figure 1.5 biondo@stanford.edu

Rich Azimuth acquisition (RAZ) Courtesy of Mike Howard (BHP Billiton) and Nick Moldoveanu (WesternGeco) Slide #15 Figure 1.6 biondo@stanford.edu

RAZ in the Gulf of Mexico Inner lines—Racetrack Outer lines—120 degree turns The sail lines and obstructions are drawn to illustrate the general concept and differ from the actual survey. The square represents source coverage from E-W lines with the hexagon covered from three directions. Courtesy of Mike Howard (BHP Billiton) and Nick Moldoveanu (WesternGeco) Slide #16 biondo@stanford.edu

WAZ development type configurations BP WATS (2005-2006) Shell Friesian (2006) CGGV acquisition WesternGeco acquisition

BHP Rich-azimuth 2006 Shenzi survey WesternGeco acquisition

Wide-azimuth for exploration with 2 receiver vessels and 2 source vessels 10 streamers 8000 m 120 m 8475 cui arrays 4200 m X-offs. WesternGeco acquisition

Full Azimuth Single vessel Coil shooting WesternGeco acquisition

Full Azimuth Long Offset Multivessel Coil Shooting Configuration: two recording vessels and two source vessels • S1 • S4 • S2 • S3 WesternGeco acquisition

Offset-azimuth distribution for multivessel coil shooting 14 km 12 km 10 km 8 km

3D data acquisition geometries  Marine-data geometries  Towed streamers geometries  OBC and OBS geometries  Land-data geometries  Cross-swath geometries  Button-patch geometries Slide #23 biondo@stanford.edu

Two OBC shot gathers geometry Slide #24 Figure 1.7 biondo@stanford.edu

One OBC receiver gather geometry Slide #25 Figure 1.8 biondo@stanford.edu

Offsets distribution of OBC data Slide #26 Figure 1.9 biondo@stanford.edu

OBS in the Gulf of Mexico Water depth ~ 4500 ft Water depth ~ 7000 ft Courtesy of Jerry Beaudoin and Alan Ross (BP) and BP partners in Atlantis Slide #27 Figure 1.10 biondo@stanford.edu

Wide-azimuth vs. narrow-azimuth Courtesy of Carl Regone (BP) Slide #28 Figure 9.13 biondo@stanford.edu

Narrow-azimuth acquisition Courtesy of Carl Regone (BP) Slide #29 Figure 9.14 biondo@stanford.edu

Wide-azimuth acquisition - 1 pass Courtesy of Carl Regone (BP) Slide #30 Figure 9.17 biondo@stanford.edu

Wide-azimuth acquisition - 2 passes Courtesy of Carl Regone (BP) Slide #31 Figure 9.16 biondo@stanford.edu

Wide-azimuth acquisition - 4 passes Courtesy of Carl Regone (BP) Slide #32 Figure 9.15 biondo@stanford.edu

Wide-azimuth acquisition -OBS Courtesy of Carl Regone (BP) Slide #33 Figure 9.18 biondo@stanford.edu

Wide-azimuth vs. narrow-azimuth Gulf of Mexico data Courtesy of BP, www.bp.com, Technology Webcast, December 2005 Slide #34 Figure 9.19 biondo@stanford.edu

Imaging gains from RAZ data Rich Azimuth image Narrow-Azimuth image Courtesy of Mike Howard (BHP Billiton) and Nick Moldoveanu (WesternGeco) Slide #35 Figure 9.20 biondo@stanford.edu

3D data acquisition geometries  Marine-data geometries  Towed streamers geometries  OBC and OBS geometries  Land-data geometries  Cross-swath geometries  Button-patch geometries Slide #36 biondo@stanford.edu

Two land shot gathers geometry Slide #37 Figure 1.11 biondo@stanford.edu

Offsets distribution of land data Slide #38 Figure 1.12 biondo@stanford.edu

3D data acquisition geometries  Marine-data geometries  Towed streamers geometries  OBC and OBS geometries  Land-data geometries  Cross-swath geometries  Button-patch geometries Slide #39 biondo@stanford.edu

Button-patch acquisition geometry Slide #40 Figure 1.13 biondo@stanford.edu

One button-patch shot gather Slide #41 Figure 1.14 biondo@stanford.edu

“Isotropic” offsets distribution Slide #42 Figure 1.15 biondo@stanford.edu

Range of offsets distributions Slide #43 Figure 1.16 biondo@stanford.edu

Binning in the midpoint plane Slide #44 Figure 1.17 biondo@stanford.edu

Quiz #2 Slide #45

Slide #46 biondo@stanford.edu