33:010:458 33:010:458 Accounting Information Accounting - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

33:010:458 33:010:458 Accounting Information Accounting Information Systems Systems

• Dr. Peter R. Gillett

Associate Professor Department of Accounting, Business Ethics and Information Systems Rutgers Business School–Newark and New Brunswick Academic Director Prudential Business Ethics Center at Rutgers

November 28, 2007

• Dr. Peter R. Gillett

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A.I.S. Class 24: Outline Learning Objectives for Chapter 3 Hardware Software Systems Configuration Group Work for Chapter 3

November 28, 2007

• Dr. Peter R. Gillett

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Learning Objectives for Chapter 3

After studying this chapter you should be

able to:

* describe various information technologies

used for data input

* explain in some technical detail the

components of a computer system

* explain the technologies used to process data * describe alternative computer output

technologies

November 28, 2007

• Dr. Peter R. Gillett

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Learning Objectives for Chapter 3

After studying this chapter you should be

able to:

* distinguish between systems software and

applications software

* describe the categories and functions of

systems software

* describe the categories and functions of

applications software

* briefly describe the issues surrounding

systems configurations.

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• Dr. Peter R. Gillett

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Hardware

Input Technology Processor Technology

* Hardware Performance

Storage Technology Output Technology

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• Dr. Peter R. Gillett

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Input Devices

Keying devices (on-line or off-line, wireless) Mouse (trackball, trackpad, trackpoint, wireless) Light pens Touch screens Audio & video input Bar code scanners, OCR & MICR POS devices Scanners

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Processor Technology

A key idea discussed here is the internal bus or system bus This is a communication channel, or data path, that connects

the CPU and the memory unit

The system bus has three main parts

* Data bus – transmits data * Address bus – transmits addresses of memory locations * Control bus – transmits control signals (e.g., read, write, etc.)

The Central processing UNIT (CPU) has three main parts

* Arithmetic-logic unit (ALU) – does the actual computation * Control unit (synchronized to the internal clock) * Registers

A register is a high-speed memory location inside the CPU

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• Dr. Peter R. Gillett

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Processor Technology

CPU (registers, control unit, ALU) Clock Cache memory Data bus, address bus, control bus

*

Speeds 400 MHz – 1066 MHz

ISA, PCI, USB, FireWire, Bluetooth Processors

*

8088, 8086, 80186, 80286, 80386, 80486 DX & SX

*

Pentium, Pentium Pro, Pentium MMX, Pentium II, Pentium II Xeon, Celeron, Pentium III, Centrino, Pentium 4 (with Hyperthreading - 3.8 GHz), Pentium D (3.6 GHz), Intel Core 2 Duo (3.0 GHz), Intel Core 2 Extreme (Quad Core, 3.0 GHz)

*

AMD Duron, AMD Sempron, AMD Turion 64 Mobile, AMD Athlon 64 X2 Dual-core, AMD Opteron, AMD Phenom X4 (true quad core)

*

Motorola PowerPC G4 (RISC)

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• Dr. Peter R. Gillett

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Storage Technology

ROM, RAM, DRAM, SDRAM, ECC, DDR SDRAM,

RDRAM, SRAM, Cache, Flash memory

Magnetic tape Hard disks, floppy disks EIDE (Ultra ATA), SATA, PATA, Ultra & Ultra2 SCSI Iomega ZIP drives Portable hard drives USB drives (micro, pen, thumb, flash drives) CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW DVD, DVD-R/W, DVD+RW, DVD-RAM HD-DVD, Blu-ray

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• Dr. Peter R. Gillett

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Output Technology

Printers

* Dot matrix * Ink jet * Laser

Video display

* PCI v AGP * VGA (640 x 480) * SVGA (800 x 600) * XGA (1024 x 768) * SXGA (1200 x1024) * UXGA (1600 x 1200)

WUXGA (1920 x 1200) WQUXGA (3840 x 2400)

* TFT * HDTV

Sound cards, MIDI interfaces

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Software Systems Software Programming Languages Application Software

* General Purpose * Special Purpose

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Systems Software

Operating systems

* multitasking, multiprogramming, multiprocessing * DOS, WINDOWS 3.1, 95, 98, ME, NT, 2000, XP, Vista * OS/2 Warp 4, Mac OS-X (Tiger, Leopard), Unix, Linux * GUIs (as opposed to CUI)

Utilities (e.g., virus-scans, disk formatters) Language translators

* assemblers, compilers, interpreters

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• Dr. Peter R. Gillett

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Programming Languages

First, second, third, fourth generation Object-oriented programming languages (JAVA, C++,

C#)

* encapsulation * polymorphism * Inheritance

Functional programming languages (Scheme, ML,

OCaml, F#)

Scripting (PERL, VBScript, JavaScript, Python, ASP, JSP,

PHP)

Frameworks (.NET, Ruby on Rails) IDEs (NetBeans, Eclipse, IDEA, Visual Studio)

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• Dr. Peter R. Gillett

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Application Software General purpose

* word processing * spreadsheets * presentation graphics * flowcharting * databases * communication * organizers

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• Dr. Peter R. Gillett

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Application Software

Special purpose

* low-end accounting packages

Quicken, Quickbooks Pro, Microsoft Money, PEACHTREE

* mid-range packages

Microsoft Dynamics (formerly Great Plains), ACCPAC Pro,

Platinum

* high-end packages

SAP

Oracle (now including PeopleSoft, JD Edwards) BAAN (now SSA Global)

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Systems Configurations

Supercomputers Mainframes Minicomputers Servers Workstations Desktops Laptops (notebooks) Palmtops (PDAs)

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Group Work for Chapter 3 Discussion Questions Problems and Exercises 3