2. Competition for Empire and Economic Expansion 2.1 Global Economy - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

2. Competition for Empire and Economic Expansion

2.1 Global Economy of the Eighteenth Century 2.2 Europe after Utrecht, 1713-1740 2.3 Demographic change in the 18 th Century

2.1 Global Economy of the Eighteenth Century

Mercantilism

Mercantilism • Limited Wealth • Trade is Zero-Sum • Governmental Involvement • Colonies: “Trade Benefits the Mother Country”

Mercantilism • Jean-Baptiste Colbert (France) • Dutch East India Company (1602) • British East India Company (1600)

Competition • New World • Caribbean • Southeast Asia

2.2 Europe after Utrecht, 1713-1740

Themes • State Building • Mercantilism • Professional Armies

After Utrecht • Louis XIV’s Wars • Peace of Utrecht (1713) • Rise of Frederick the Great – War of Austrian Succession (1740-1748)

The “First World War” • Diplomatic Revolution (1756) – France and Austria – Prussia and Britain • Seven Years War (1756-1763)

Treaty of Paris (1763) • Prussia Survives • British Global Empire • Fiscal Burdens – American Revolution – French Involvement

2.3 Demographic Change of the Eighteenth Century

Demographic Trends • Agricultural Revolution – Increased life expectancy – Shift from older to earlier marriages

Demographic Trends • Population boom after 1750 • Global Diet (Potato) • Medical improvements