117 Things to Know... Monday, May 24, 2010
117 Things to Know... Monday, May 24, 2010
1 The same substance always has the same density. Monday, May 24, 2010
2 As pressure increases, density increases Monday, May 24, 2010
3 As temperature increases, density decreases Monday, May 24, 2010
4 Water expands when it freezes Monday, May 24, 2010
5 Most changes are cyclic. Monday, May 24, 2010
6 Water is most dense at 4°C, when it is a liquid. Monday, May 24, 2010
7 The universe began with an explosion, "The Big Bang." Monday, May 24, 2010
8 The best model of the Earth is a sphere. Monday, May 24, 2010
9 The altitude of Polaris equals your latitude. Monday, May 24, 2010
10 Our solar system is located on one of the outer arms of our Milky Way Galaxy. Monday, May 24, 2010
11 Latitude lines go east-west, just like the equator, but measure distances north or south. Monday, May 24, 2010
12 Longitude lines go north- south, but measure distances east or west. Monday, May 24, 2010
13 Longitude is based on observations of the sun. Monday, May 24, 2010
14 USE THE ESRTs. Monday, May 24, 2010
15 The closer the isolines are the steeper the slope or gradient. Monday, May 24, 2010
16 The earth rotates from west to east (24 hours). Monday, May 24, 2010
17 The earth revolves counterclockwise (365 1/4 days). Monday, May 24, 2010
18 All celestial objects appear to rise in the east and move west. Monday, May 24, 2010
19 The moon has phases because it revolves around the earth (remember that only half is ever lit). Monday, May 24, 2010
19 The moon has phases because it revolves around the earth (remember that only half is ever lit). Monday, May 24, 2010
20 Planets appear to go backwards (retrograde) as the earth passes them in space. Monday, May 24, 2010
20 Planets appear to go backwards (retrograde) as the earth passes them in space. Monday, May 24, 2010
21 Summer solstice is June 21st. Monday, May 24, 2010
22 Winter solstice is December 21st. Monday, May 24, 2010
23 Equinoxes: March 21st September 23rd Monday, May 24, 2010
24 Equator always has 12 hours of day-light. Monday, May 24, 2010
25 The lower the altitude of the sun, the longer the shadow it casts. Monday, May 24, 2010
26 Foucault's pendulum and the coriolis effect prove the earth rotates. Monday, May 24, 2010
27 Earth is closest to the sun in January. Monday, May 24, 2010
28 The closer a planet is to the sun the higher it's velocity. Monday, May 24, 2010
29 USE THE ESRTs! Monday, May 24, 2010
30 REMEMBER TO USE THE ESRTs! Monday, May 24, 2010
31 Black and rough surfaces are the best absorbers and radiators. Monday, May 24, 2010
32 The half-life of a radioactive element can't be changed. Monday, May 24, 2010
33 Ocean crust is thin, dense, and made of basalt. Monday, May 24, 2010
34 Continental crust is thick, less dense, and made of granite. Monday, May 24, 2010
35 Energy moves from source to sink: high to low. Monday, May 24, 2010
36 Mountains form by uplift, folding and faulting. Monday, May 24, 2010
Monday, May 24, 2010
37 Chemical weathering occurs mostly in warm, humid climates. Monday, May 24, 2010
37 Chemical weathering occurs mostly in warm, humid climates. Monday, May 24, 2010
38 Physical weathering occurs mostly in cold, humid climates (good for ice wedging). Monday, May 24, 2010
39 Air moves clockwise and outward around a high. Monday, May 24, 2010
39 H Air moves clockwise and outward around a high. Monday, May 24, 2010
40 L Air moves counterclockwise and inward around a low. Monday, May 24, 2010
41 Good absorbers of radiation are good radiators. Monday, May 24, 2010
42 Hottest part of the year is in July. Monday, May 24, 2010
43 Hottest part of the day is 1pm. Monday, May 24, 2010
44 As temperature increases, air pressure decreases. Monday, May 24, 2010
45 As moisture increases, pressure decreases. Monday, May 24, 2010
46 Air pressure decreases with altitude. Monday, May 24, 2010
47 H=Happy L=Lousy Highs are cool and dry; lows are warm and wet. Monday, May 24, 2010
48 Wind is due to air pressure differences. Monday, May 24, 2010
49 H TO L Wind blows from high to low pressure. Monday, May 24, 2010
50 Northeasterly wind Wind is named from the direction that it is coming from. Monday, May 24, 2010
51 The accepted value is the correct answer, the measured value is the guess. Monday, May 24, 2010
52 The closer the air temperature is to the dew point the greater the chance for precipitation. Monday, May 24, 2010
53 ➙ Weather moves from west to east in the United States. Monday, May 24, 2010
54 Know your cold front. Monday, May 24, 2010
55 Know your warm front. Monday, May 24, 2010
56 Know your occluded front. Monday, May 24, 2010
57 Cold fronts move the fastest. Monday, May 24, 2010
58 Porosity does not depend on particle size. Monday, May 24, 2010
59 As particle size increases, permeability increases. Monday, May 24, 2010
60 Capillarity increases when particle size decreases. Monday, May 24, 2010
61 Evapotranspiration depends on temperature. Monday, May 24, 2010
62 Dynamic equilibrium means balance. Monday, May 24, 2010
63 ➙ ➙ Increase in latitude and altitude have the same affect on climate. Monday, May 24, 2010
64 Vertical rays (overhead sun) can only occur between 23.5°N and 23.5°S. Monday, May 24, 2010
65 Index fossils are good time markers (widely spread, lived a short time). Monday, May 24, 2010
66 Air cools and expands as it rises. Monday, May 24, 2010
67 Large bodies of water moderate temperature (smaller temperature range). Monday, May 24, 2010
68 Expansional cooling/ Orographic Lifting Monday, May 24, 2010
69 Gravity causes most erosion. Monday, May 24, 2010
70 Streams are the number one agent of erosion. Monday, May 24, 2010
71 Stream velocity depends on slope and discharge (amount of water). Monday, May 24, 2010
72 Velocity is fastest on the out side of meander bend. Monday, May 24, 2010
73 Heavy, round, and dense particles settle out first. Monday, May 24, 2010
74 Graded bedding (vertical sorting): biggest sediments are on bottom. Monday, May 24, 2010
75 Glacial sediments are unsorted with scratches in a U-shaped valley. Monday, May 24, 2010
76 Sedimentary rocks may have flat layers, are most likely to have fossils. Monday, May 24, 2010
77 Igneous rocks: cools fast-small crystals, cools slow-large crystals. Monday, May 24, 2010
78 Metamorphic: banded, distorted structure Monday, May 24, 2010
79 Mineral properties depend on internal atomic arrangement. Monday, May 24, 2010
80 Calcite fizzes with acid. Monday, May 24, 2010
81 Isostasy: earth's crust in equilibrium (uplift & subsidence). Monday, May 24, 2010
82 Mid-ocean ridge- New earth being created-sea floor spreading. Monday, May 24, 2010
83 Trenches- Earth being destroyed-subduction zone. Monday, May 24, 2010
84 P-waves are faster than S-waves. Monday, May 24, 2010
85 P-waves- Through solids & liquids, S-waves- Through solids only Monday, May 24, 2010
86 You need 3 seismometer stations to plot an earthquake. Monday, May 24, 2010
87 In undisturbed layers, the bottom layer is oldest (Law of Superposition). Monday, May 24, 2010
88 Intrusion and faults are younger than the rock they are in. Monday, May 24, 2010
89 Unconformity means erosion (time gap in the layers). Monday, May 24, 2010
90 Arid (dry) landscape: steep slopes with sharp angles. Monday, May 24, 2010
91 Humid (wet) landscape: smooth with rounded slopes Monday, May 24, 2010
92 When in doubt, see if the reference tables will help. Monday, May 24, 2010
93 Uranium 238 is used to date old rocks. Monday, May 24, 2010
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