1 Africa's changing economic landscape Africa's changing - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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1 Africa's changing economic landscape Africa's changing - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Oct 28, 2023 259 likes •583 views

THE CHANGING AFRICAN LANDSCAPE - WHAT HAS CHANGED IN THE LAST 25 YEARS, DEVELOPMENTS ENVISAGED FOR THE NEXT 25 YEARS CAROLINE JEHU-APPIAH (MD, MSc, PhD) PRINCIPAL HEALTH ECONOMIST AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK GROUP (AFDB) 1

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THE CHANGING AFRICAN LANDSCAPE - WHAT HAS CHANGED IN THE LAST 25 YEARS, DEVELOPMENTS ENVISAGED FOR THE NEXT 25 YEARS

CAROLINE JEHU-APPIAH (MD, MSc, PhD) PRINCIPAL HEALTH ECONOMIST

AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK GROUP (AFDB)

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  • Africa's changing economic landscape
  • Africa's changing health landscape
  • Africa in 50 years time-projections
  • Challenges and Opportunities
  • Way forward

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  • 2013 – 2022…

2013 2001

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11,1 10,5 10,3 8,9 8,4 8,2 7,9 7,9 7,7 7,6 2 4 6 8 10 12 Angola China Myanmar Nigeria Ethiopia Kazakhstan Chad Mozambique Cambodia Rwanda Percent

Annual Average GDP Growth: 2001-2011

Africa is growing rapidly at 5-8% per annum 6 out of the 10 fastest-growing economies are in SSA (Angola, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Chad, Mozambique, Rwanda)

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  • !

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" # 11

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$%&'()&**+(,-.+-)/%*01*(%2-1. )/%3$/%'-456"

1 billion people today, 2.3 billion by 2050 Africa is the…

  • most populous

continent after Asia

  • youngest region

in the world

  • And will have the

largest workforce by 2050 surpassing China and India

  • 200

400 600 800 1.000 1.200 1.400 1.600

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

Million inhabitants Working age population (15-64) in the world Africa SE Asia Europe LAC South America North America China India

Source: UNSTAT. World Population Prospects 2010.

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  • 2010

2060

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  • Africa

Central Africa East Africa North Africa Southern Africa West Africa

17 "

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… BUT CHALLENGES TO OVERCOME

  • Fragility is a major concern
  • Huge infrastructure gap
  • Youth unemployment and underemployment high
  • Low MDG indicators
  • Only 4 African countries score higher than 5 (out of 10)
  • n TI’s Corruption Perception Index

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!

  • Africa accounts for only 12% of the world’s population, but

57% of the world’s maternal deaths, 49% of child deaths, 85% of malaria cases, 67% of people with HIV, and 26% of underweight children

Maternal deaths, 2005 Death of children under five, 2008 Adults and children estimated to be living with HIV, 2007 Underweight children under five, 2007

Ref: Science in Action – Saving the lives of Africa’s mothers, newborns and children. ASADI 2009. Eds Kinney MV, Lawn JE, Kerber KJ Data sources: UNAIDS 2007, UNICEF, www.childinfor.org, Lancet nutrition series, World Malaria Report 2009.

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9 :;

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  • <<"
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!!

  • Globally, between 20 and 40

percent of health system spending is wasted, with poorer countries wasting even higher proportions – WHR 2011

  • For each one dollar spent on health,

significant amount doesn’t reach the front line (World Bank)

  • Absenteeism affects 40% of health

workers (World Bank}

Country Mean Chad 2004 95 Senegal 2003 60 Cameroon 2004 70 Rwanda 2003 40

Nonwage funds not reaching schools and health services:

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:

  • Increased wealth does not necessarily lead to improved health,

particularly for the poorest segments of society.

  • The changing environmental landscape threatens to increase

poverty and health problems in Africa.

  • The ICT revolution is rapidly increasing connectivity and providing
  • pportunities to transform service delivery to improve quality, safety

and efficiency

  • International aid flows are likely to decline- need for greater

domestic ownership

  • Increased demand for good governance, accountability and results

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= "

  • Health systems must evolve to meet the needs of the new Africa.
  • Leverage e-Health to overcome major challenges in access, financing,

human resources, and in the provision of high-quality healthcare services.

  • Leverage Public–Private Partnerships
  • Value for money
  • Innovative financing
  • Governments need to be more self-reliant with greater domestic
  • wnership and raise resources internally
  • Developing equitable and sustainable health financing systems
  • South-south collaboration

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  • The post-MDGs Agenda
  • Focus on equity in the use of health service and outcomes
  • Greater attention to social, economic and environmental

determinants of health

  • UHC
  • Strategies to reduce out-of-pocket expenditure health sector
  • Strategic initiatives to address the challenge of inadequate

human resources in health

  • The health sector will increasingly be viewed as a productive

and job-creating sector.

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