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Mar 10, 2024 364 likes •641 views

CS 102 Human-Computer Interaction Lecture 5: Human-centered design (2) CS102: Monsoon 2015 1 Administrative Project team formation and outlines due today (talk to us after class if you need help) Studio class next week O ffi ce hours

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

CS 102 Human-Computer Interaction Lecture 5: Human-centered design (2)

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

Administrative

Project team formation and outlines due today (talk to us after class if you need help) Studio class next week Office hours interchanged this week:

Prof. Hangal: Tuesday 3-4 pm (Room 604)

Abhilasha Kumar: Friday 10-11am (Room 601)

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

Recap

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

IRB requirements

Please complete this training: https://phrp.nihtraining.com (apologies: it is U.S. centric) Email cs102-staff your certificates by next Monday (Sep. 21)

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

Some IRB issues for CS

Informed Consent Data protection and privacy Play it safe, ask IRB if in doubt (irb@ashoka.edu.in)

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

Data protection and privacy

Avoid getting or storing passwords/personal data if you can Encrypt data (stored, or in transit) and file system where possible Anonymize at the earliest Keep data on secure systems (not laptops) Clean up log files Beware of implicitly recorded data (e.g., location, IP addresses, time stamps) Researchers should know/keep as little as necessary

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

Understanding users

Studying and understanding users is one of the most important things HCI designers do Many specific techniques: Surveys Observation Probes Diary/pager studies Interviews Contextual enquiry Ethnographic methods …

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

Ethnography

Ethnography is a general method (contrast: anthropology is a discipline) Ethnographic studies are often used by product designers to better understand their users

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

Qiblah phone (LG-F7100)

Embedded compass Mecca direction Prayer time alarm (Azan)

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

Ethnography

Classic ethnographic study

f a village near Mysore in 1948

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

Interviews

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

Interviewing skills

Ability to conduct good interviews is an invaluable skill Practice interviewing skills: Never miss a chance to talk to anyone from a different background A good interviewer is: empathetic, supportive,

bservant, open-ended

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

Example

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QiLzTA0OR60

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

Interviewing tips

Ask open-ended questions, e.g. “Do you use whatsapp?” vs. “What apps do you use?” Closed-ended questions are easy to answer, but open- ended questions give more information You can start with closed-ended questions to put the subject at ease, then ask open-ended questions

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

Interviewing tips

Observe/clarify terminology (reflects mental model) e.g. “I click on the snowflake icon” vs. “I click on the white thingy”. “I use the dial” vs. “I use the wheel”. Paraphrase and summarize “Ok, so you don’t use this feature because…”

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

Interviewing tips

Don’t ask a leading question, i.e. question that suggests the answer by wording or tone “I’m sure you’ll find this interesting…” Indicate understanding rather than agreement “This company’s products suck…” Keep the focus on the interviewee You’re trying to imagine what it’s like to be in their place

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

Interviewing tips

Ask (series of) why? questions While backing up, look for other things that may follow from the situation Avoid narrow framing

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

Interviewing tips

Many times, interviewees may not understand their own actions completely Look for concrete stories rather than vague generalizations Subject: “Typically, I…” Interviewer: “Is that what happened last time you did this?” Understand the generalization process

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

Interviewing tips

(If in a formal setting) Introduce yourself and explain your purpose. Summarize your discussion Be aware of your biases Take notes, organize them soon after the interview

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

Interviewing tips

Silence is ok Be attentive Open up a bit yourself Use common sense: be personable, smile, don’t be condescending You’ll know when you’re successful

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

In-class exercise

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

Contextual Enquiry

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

Contextual enquiry

Users often have trouble articulating exactly how they do things “Take a grand tour” in their natural environment to tap into tacit knowledge Get participants to perform their regular tasks Try and understand their conceptual model

23 Don’t ask your customer by Karen Holtzblatt

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Contextual enquiry: tips

Adopt a master - apprentice model Look out for errors Avoid leading the user Prepare a briefing and documentation medium

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

Contextual enquiry: analysis

Physical analysis: Physical layout of environment Artifact analysis: Props used Flow analysis: Flow between different people Sequence analysis: Order of tasks Cultural analysis: Local norms

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CS102: Monsoon 2015

Tom Kelley

26 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tvkivmyKgEA