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X-ray polarization as a tool to understand coronae in accreting sources Francesco Tamborra collaborators: G. Matt, S. Bianchi, R. Goosmann M. Bursa, M.Dovciak Alsatian workshop on X-ray polarimetry - Strasbourg, 13th-15th/11/2017 Outline

  1. X-ray polarization as a tool to understand coronae in accreting sources Francesco Tamborra collaborators: G. Matt, S. Bianchi, R. Goosmann M. Bursa, M.Dovciak Alsatian workshop on X-ray polarimetry - Strasbourg, 13th-15th/11/2017

  2. Outline • MoCA in a nutshell • X-ray polarization is complex • The theoretical signal in di fg erent scenarios • Observational prospects • Conclusions & Future developments

  3. MoCA: a Monte Carlo code for Comptonization in Astrophysics • single-photons source-to-observer class (Fortran2003) • complete special relativistic and quantum treatment of Comptonization (Maxwell-Juttner distribution, KN cross-section & scattering angle distribution) • complete GR description (N-T disk, ray-tracing A-to-B, frame dragging) • parallelisation & interoperability with C • modular and easily customisable

  4. Geometries in this talk tau tau 1000 x tau SLAB SPHERE

  5. source parameters corona parameters MBH = 10 Msun kT = 100 keV mdot = 0.1 (Edd) geometry SLAB/SPHERE a = 0 / 0.998 tau = 0.5/1/2 limb darkening ON/OFF

  6. source parameters corona parameters MBH = 10 Msun kT = 100 keV mdot = 0.1 (Edd) geometry SLAB/SPHERE SLAB a = 0 / 0.998 0 tau = 0.5/1/2 1 limb darkening ON/OFF ON BHB Spectrum (a00, mdot01, MBH10 ) 10-1000 corona tau1 kT100 - limb 1.000000 unscattered 1 scatt 2 scatt 3 scatt 0.100000 4 scatt 5 scatt >5 scatt E x I(E) [arbitrary units] total 0.010000 0.001000 0.000100 0.000010 0.000001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 Energy [keV]

  7. X-ray pol is complex a0 limb / SLAB tau1 Pol Degree (a00, mdot01, MBH10 ) 10-1000 tau1 kT100 - limb 10 unscattered 1 scatt 9 2 scatt 3 scatt 8 4 scatt 5 scatt >5 scatt 7 Polarization Degree [%] total 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 µ Pol Angle (a00, mdot01, MBH10 ) 10-1000 tau1 kT100 - limb 100 unscattered 1 scatt 90 2 scatt 3 scatt 80 4 scatt 5 scatt 70 >5 scatt Polarization Agnle [deg] total 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -10 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 µ

  8. X-ray pol is complex a0 limb / SLAB tau1 Pol Degree (a00, mdot01, MBH10 ) 10-1000 tau1 kT100 - limb 10 unscattered 1 scatt 9 2 scatt 3 scatt 8 4 scatt 5 scatt >5 scatt 7 Polarization Degree [%] total 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 µ Pol Angle (a00, mdot01, MBH10 ) 10-1000 tau1 kT100 - limb 100 unscattered 1 scatt 90 2 scatt 3 scatt 80 4 scatt 5 scatt 70 >5 scatt Polarization Agnle [deg] total 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -10 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 µ

  9. X-ray pol is complex a0 limb / SLAB tau1 Pol Degree (a00, mdot01, MBH10 ) 10-1000 tau1 kT100 - limb 10 unscattered 1 scatt 9 2 scatt 3 scatt 8 4 scatt 5 scatt >5 scatt 7 Polarization Degree [%] total 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 µ Pol Angle (a00, mdot01, MBH10 ) 10-1000 tau1 kT100 - limb 100 unscattered 1 scatt 90 2 scatt 3 scatt 80 4 scatt 5 scatt 70 >5 scatt Polarization Agnle [deg] total 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -10 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 µ

  10. X-ray pol is complex a0 limb / SLAB tau1 Pol Degree (a00, mdot01, MBH10 ) 10-1000 tau1 kT100 - limb Pol Degree (a00, mdot01, MBH10 ) 10-1000 tau1 kT100 - limb 10 10 unscattered unscattered 1 scatt 1 scatt 9 9 2 scatt 2 scatt 3 scatt 3 scatt 8 4 scatt 8 4 scatt 5 scatt 5 scatt >5 scatt >5 scatt 7 7 Polarization Degree [%] Polarization Degree [%] total total 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 0.1 1 10 100 µ Energy [keV] Pol Angle (a00, mdot01, MBH10 ) 10-1000 tau1 kT100 - limb Pol Angle (a00, mdot01, MBH10 ) 10-1000 tau1 kT100 - limb 100 100 unscattered unscattered 1 scatt 1 scatt 90 90 2 scatt 2 scatt 3 scatt 3 scatt 80 80 4 scatt 4 scatt 5 scatt 5 scatt 70 70 >5 scatt >5 scatt Polarization Agnle [deg] Polarization Angle [deg] total total 60 60 50 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 -10 -10 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 0.1 1 10 100 µ Energy [keV]

  11. a0 limb / SLAB tau1 Pol Degree (a00, mdot01, MBH10 ) 10-1000 tau1 kT100 - limb 10 75 deg 60 deg 9 45 deg 8 7 Polarization Degree [%] 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0.1 1 10 100 Energy [keV] Pol Angle (a00, mdot01, MBH10 ) 10-1000 tau1 kT100 - limb 100 75 deg 60 deg 90 45 deg 80 70 Polarization angle [deg] 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -10 0.1 1 10 100 Energy [keV]

  12. a0 limb / SLAB tau1 a0 limb / SPHERE tau1 Pol Degree (a00, mdot01, MBH10 ) 10-1000 tau1 kT100 - limb Pol Degree (a00, mdot01, MBH10 ) 1000-1000 tau1 kT100 - limb 10 10 75 deg 75 deg 60 deg 60 deg 9 9 45 deg 45 deg 8 8 7 7 Polarization Degree [%] Polarization Degree [%] 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 0 0.1 1 10 100 0.1 1 10 100 Energy [keV] Energy [keV] Pol Angle (a00, mdot01, MBH10 ) 10-1000 tau1 kT100 - limb Pol Angle (a00, mdot01, MBH10 ) 1000-1000 tau1 kT100 - limb 100 100 75 deg 75 deg 60 deg 60 deg 90 90 45 deg 45 deg 80 80 70 70 Polarization angle [deg] Polarization angle [deg] 60 60 50 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 -10 -10 0.1 1 10 100 0.1 1 10 100 Energy [keV] Energy [keV]

  13. SLAB a0 - tau 05/1/2 - limb ON/OFF SLAB a0998 - tau 05/1/2 - limb ON/OFF Pol Degree (a00, mdot01, MBH1e7 ) 10-1000 kT100 - 75 deg Pol Degree (a0998, mdot01, MBH1e7 ) 10-1000 kT100 - 75 deg 10 10 tau 05 limb tau 05 limb tau 05 tau 05 9 9 tau 1 limb tau 1 limb tau 1 tau 1 8 tau 2 limb 8 tau 2 limb tau 2 tau 2 7 7 Polarization Degree [%] Polarization Degree [%] 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 0 0.1 1 10 100 0.1 1 10 100 Energy [keV] Energy [keV] Pol Angle (a00, mdot01, MBH1e7 ) 10-1000 kT100 - 75 deg Pol Angle (a0998, mdot01, MBH1e7 ) 10-1000 kT100 - 75 deg 100 100 tau 05 limb tau 05 limb tau 05 tau 05 90 90 tau 1 limb tau 1 limb tau 1 tau 1 80 80 tau 2 limb tau 2 limb tau 2 tau 2 70 70 Polarization angle [deg] Polarization angle [deg] 60 60 50 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 -10 -10 0.1 1 10 100 0.1 1 10 100 Energy [keV] Energy [keV]

  14. SPHERE a0 - tau 05/1/2 - limb ON/OFF SPHERE a0998 - tau 05/1/2 - limb ON/OFF Pol Degree (a00, mdot01, MBH1e7 ) 1000-1000 kT100 - 75 deg Pol Degree (a09980, mdot01, MBH10 ) 1000-1000 kT100 - 75 deg 10 10 tau 05 limb tau 05 limb tau 05 tau 05 9 9 tau 1 limb tau 1 limb tau 1 tau 1 8 tau 2 limb 8 tau 2 limb tau 2 tau 2 7 7 Polarization Degree [%] Polarization Degree [%] 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 0 0.1 1 10 100 0.1 1 10 100 Energy [keV] Energy [keV] Pol Angle (a00, mdot01, MBH1e7 ) 1000-1000 kT100 - 75 deg Pol Angle (a0998, mdot01, MBH10 ) 1000-1000 kT100 - 75 deg 100 100 tau 05 limb tau 05 limb tau 05 tau 05 90 90 tau 1 limb tau 1 limb tau 1 tau 1 80 80 tau 2 limb tau 2 limb tau 2 tau 2 70 70 Polarization angle [deg] Polarization angle [deg] 60 60 50 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 -10 -10 0.1 1 10 100 0.1 1 10 100 Energy [keV] Energy [keV]

  15. a0 tau 05 a0998 Pol Degree (a00, mdot01, MBH10 ) tau05 kT100 Pol Degree (a0998, mdot01, MBH10 ) tau05 kT100 5 5 SPHERE limb - a0 SPHERE limb - a0998 SPHERE - a0 SPHERE - a0998 SLAB limb - a0 SLAB limb - a0998 SLAB - a0 SLAB - a0998 4 4 Polarization Degree [%] Polarization Degree [%] 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 µ µ Pol Angle (a00, mdot01, MBH10 ) tau05 kT100 Pol Angle (a0998, mdot01, MBH10 ) tau05 kT100 100 100 SPHERE limb - a0 SPHERE limb - a0998 SPHERE - a0 SPHERE - a0998 90 90 SLAB limb - a0 SLAB limb - a0998 SLAB - a0 SLAB - a0998 80 80 70 70 Polarization angle [deg] Polarization angle [deg] 60 60 50 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 -10 -10 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 µ µ

  16. a0 tau 1 a0998 Pol Degree (a00, mdot01, MBH10 ) tau1 kT100 Pol Degree (a0998, mdot01, MBH10 ) tau1 kT100 5 5 SPHERE limb - a0 SPHERE limb - a0998 SPHERE - a0 SPHERE - a0998 SLAB limb - a0 SLAB limb - a0998 SLAB - a0 SLAB - a0998 4 4 Polarization Degree [%] Polarization Degree [%] 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 µ µ Pol Angle (a00, mdot01, MBH10 ) tau1 kT100 Pol Angle (a0998, mdot01, MBH10 ) tau1 kT100 100 100 SPHERE limb - a0 SPHERE limb - a0998 SPHERE = a0 SPHERE = a0998 90 90 SLAB limb - a0 SLAB limb - a0998 SLAB - a0 SLAB - a0998 80 80 70 70 Polarization angle [deg] Polarization angle [deg] 60 60 50 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 -10 -10 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 µ µ

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