WORKING GROUP AWARENESS-RAISING ON DRUG-RELATED ISSUES IN - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
WORKING GROUP AWARENESS-RAISING ON DRUG-RELATED ISSUES IN EDUCATIONAL SETTINGS Meeting of the Heads of National Drug Law Enforcement Agencies - Africa (HONLAF) Dar Es Salaam, 19 September 2018 Sylv ylvie ie Ber Bertr trand He Head, , He
WORKING GROUP
AWARENESS-RAISING ON DRUG-RELATED ISSUES IN EDUCATIONAL SETTINGS
Meeting of the Heads of National Drug Law Enforcement Agencies - Africa (HONLAF) Dar Es Salaam, 19 September 2018 Sylv ylvie ie Ber Bertr trand He Head, , He Healt lth an and Soc Socia ial De Development Programme UNODC Reg egio ional l Of Offic ice for
astern Afr fric ica
Drug Use Prevention
The prim rimary ry ob
rug prevention is to help people, particularly but not exclusively young people, to avoid or delay initiation into the use of drugs, or, if they have started already, to avoid developing disorders The general l aim aim of
rug prevention, however, is much broader than this: it is th the healt lthy an and sa safe development of
child ildren an and youth to
lize th their ir tale alents an and pot
ial and become contributing members of their community and society. Effective drug prevention contributes significantly to the pos
ive engagement of children, young people and adults with their famil ilie ies, sch schools ls, workplace an and community.
Prevention is about the healthy and safe development of children
Sup Supply ly red eductio ion Dru Drug use use pr preventio ion
Dru Drug g dep dependence tr treatment, car are and and reh ehabil ilit itatio ion Preventio ion of
hea healt lth and and soc
ial l con
(I (Inc
HIV) Acce Access to
lled drug drugs for
med. purp purposes
Prevention and drug control
Health centred & & balanced approach
UNGASS 2016 on the World Drug Problem Outcome Document
We reiterate our commitment to promoting the health, welfare and well-being of all individuals, families, communities and society as a whole, and facilitating healthy lifestyles through effective, comprehensive, scientific evidence -based demand reduction initiatives at all levels, covering, …. early intervention, treatment, care, recovery, rehabilitation and social reintegration measures, as well as initiatives and measures aimed at minimizing the adverse public health and social consequences of drug abuse, and we recommend the following measures… (paragraphes (a) to (h).
(a) (a) Take effective pr primary pr prev. mea easures. s..
info
skills
to choose healthy life style
parenting
social env.
to educ. (b) (b) Take effective mea easures s to
the progressio n of drug use disorders through targeted early interventio ns for people at risk (c) (c) Inc ncrease the avai ailability, coverage & qua quality of
scie scientific evidence - base based pr prev. mea easures s and tools in multiple settings, reaching youth in school as well as out of school (d) (d) Promote the wel ell-being of society as a whole through the elaboration
scientific evidence- based prevention strategies centred on and tailored to the needs of individuals, families and communities (g) g) De Develop and and im improve rec ecreational al facil acilities and provide access for children and youth to regular sports and cultural activities, with a view to promoting healthy lives and lifestyles, (f (f) Consi sider en enhancing coo
between public health, education, la law en enforcement when developing prevention initiative
(e)Involve, policymakers, parliam., educators, civil society, the scientific community, academia, target populations, individuals in recovery, private sector, in the development
programmes (h) (h) Promote and and im improve the systematic col
in information and and gathering
well as the sharing, at the national and international levels, of reliable and comparable data on drug use and epidemiology,
The Joi Joint Mi Minis isteria ial St Statement on the mid-term review of the implementation by Member States of the Political Declaration and Plan of Action; Res esol
/3 - Promoting prevention of drug abuse based on scientific evidence as an investment in the well- being of children, adolescents, youth, families and communities; and, Res esol
ion 58/3 /3 - Promoting the protection of children and young people, with particular reference to the illicit sale and purchase of internationally or nationally controlled substances and of new psychoactive substances via the Internet. Res esol
ion 58/7 /7 Strengthening cooperation with the scientific community, including academia, and promoting scientific research in drug demand and supply reduction policies in order to find effective solutions to various aspects of the world drug problem (operative paragraph 2) Res esol
ion 59/6 /6 Promoting prevention strategies and policies (operative paragraphs 5 and 14) Res esol
/7 Promoting scientific evidence-based community, family and school programmes and strategies for the purpose of preventing drug use among children and adolescents
More mandates…
ABOUT PREVENTION
■ Each stage of development, from infancy to early adulthood, is associated with a certain expected range of: – intellectual ability – language development – cognitive, emotional and psychological functioning – social competency skills ■ Each needs attention to prevent th the onset of f drug use and dependence!!!
Prevention and Developmental Phases
Prevention…. Initiation of drug use BUT ALSO transition to dru rug use dis isorders
Prevention Prevention
(Treatment)
Treatment
No No Dr Drug Use se Dr Drug Use se Dr Drug Use se Di Disorder Recovery ry
Prevention Health and social consequences
Health and social consequences Health and social consequences
In Interaction of f the environment and the individual
Environment at the macro level
Environment at the micro level
vulnerabilities
Personal characteristics
Beliefs Attitudes behaviours
A complex challenge Therefore …
Evidence-based - The entire programme or method has been demonstrated by independent research to be effective
Tailoring intervention and basing them on evidence is key…. for your youth and for your wall llets!
Much of the interventions implemented in the past were not evidence based… It entails implementing interventions blindly …
Lack of information and evidence Provision of information No effect
Ineffective parenting Provision of parenting skills Effect!!!
SETTING STANDARDS
SAVING LIVES IN INVESTING WIS ISELY!
IN INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS ON DRUG USE PREVENTION
2013 2013
More than 80 expert from 30 countries worked on the standards first edition… Studies were collected….over 600 of them Then we selected studies that evaluated the effectiveness of interventions and policies…some 250 And then we selected the studies that had good methodology…that was about 80
600
250
effectiveness
80
methodology
Standards!
Some good news and… Some bad news!
Limited evidence on Low- and middle-income countries and Prevention for girls and women
results disaggregated by sex.
as boys most (consistent with the etiology)
NO EVIDENCE IN 2013 ON… ■ Sports and other leisure time activities
– Some promising evidence on using sports as a setting (e.g. the coach provides lifeskills sessions during the sports training)
■ Strategies targeting children and youth particularly at risk:
– Out-of-school children and youth, street children, current and ex-child soldiers, displaced or post-conflict populations, children and youth in foster care, in
IN INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS ON DRUG USE PREVENTION
2018 2018
Search multiple databases for reviews Add the studies received by experts Select and assess the quality Only LOW RISK
selected Include old reviews, if no superseded Data extraction Summary and draft Comments by experts and final document Beautification and translation!
THE KEY MESSAGES
There are MANY strategies that are effective in preventing substance use
Evi vidence-based preventio ion str trategie ies prevent also lso many oth ther r risk risky behavio iours, promoti ting th the heal althy & sa safe develo lopment of f child ildren & you
Mess ssage 2 Evi vidence-based preventio ion str trategie ies prevent also lso many oth ther r risk risky behavio iours, promoti ting th the healt lthy & sa safe develo lopment of f child ildren & you
■ Prevent substance use (including drug use) ■ Prevent violence, particularly youth violence & child maltreatment ■ Manage behavioural disorders of children and adolescents ■ Promote development of children and youth at risk FAMILY SKILLS TRAINING!
The earlier – the better!
Message 3 The earlier th the better
■ Nurse visitation ■ Services for pregnant women ■ Earl arly ch chil ildhood ed education PRE NATAL, INFANCY EARLY CHILDHOOD Example of results of early childhood education (Campbell et al 2002) ■ Parenting skills training ■ Personal and social skills education ■ Cl Class ssroom en environment improvement ■ Poli
to kee eep ch chil ildren in sch school ■ Addressing mental health disorders MIDDLE CHILDHOOD
■ Parenting/ family skills training
■ Prevention education based on socia ial competence and in influ luence ■ School polic licie ies on substance use ■ School-wid ide programmes to enhance school attachment
■ Addressing individual psychological vulnerabilities ■ Addressing mental health disorders ■ Mentoring EARLY ADOLESCENCE
It It is never too late!
interv rventions
programmes
component initiatives
ADOLESCENCE & ADULTHOOD
Let’s use the $ better!
Early ch childhood Early childhood education Mid iddle ch childhood Classroom management Personal and social skills Keep children in school Early adolescence and adolescence Prevention education Increase school attachment Policies about substance use
SOME OF IT IS GOOD MOST OF IT IS BAD!
■ Personal and social skills – Coping with difficulties in constructive and healthy ways – Resistance skills ■ Normative nature of use ■ Perception of risks with no exaggeration & focusing on short-term ■ In Interactiv ive ■ Multi ltiple le se sessio ions – AT T LEAST 10-15 15 ■ Well ll tr train ined facilit ilitators
PREVENTION EDUCATION, WHAT WORKS
ROLE OF LAW ENFORCEMENT IN THE EDUCATIONAL SECTOR?
What does the evidence say?
component
action groups to address substance abuse.
deliver and sustain evidence-based prevention interventions and policies over time.
alcohol and tobacco
The role of law enforcement in the education sector
Community-based multi-component initiatives - Description
contacts
together with families, schools, etc.
alcohol and the safety of community spaces
The role of law enforcement in the community
But NOT enough in AFRICA
When we know – we then need to invest at the scale of the problem and in all settings…cost-efficient reasoning!
HTTP://WWW.UNODC.ORG/UNODC/EN/DRU G-PREVENTION-AND- TREATMENT/PUBLICATIONS.HTML
"We have a responsibility to the children
inherit, and you can help make a difference."
UN UNODC Ex Executive Dir Director, Yury ury Fed edotov