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LFE Post-Earthquake Reconnaissance Training Workshop

Maggie Ortiz-Millan, Zoe Yin, and Ana Orozco Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI) Anne Rosinski California Geological Survey (CGS)

Tuesday, November 13, 2018 5:30PM - 9:00PM ARUP 1330 Broadway, 13th floor, Oakland, CA

Workshop Purpose

• Provide an overview of EERI’s Learning From Earthquakes Program
• Provide disaster service workers training
• Discuss chapter bay area earthquake reconnaissance plans
• Provide training on EERI’s field data collection tools

About EERI and the Learning from Earthquakes Program

About EERI

• Global earthquake engineering institute dedicated to reducing earthquake risk
• Non-profit, technical membership society with:

○ 3,000 members, 14 Regional Chapters ○ 65 Student Chapters & growing ○ 8 Full-time Staff + Interns

The Learning from Earthquakes Program

• Flagship program of EERI
• Conducting reconnaissance for over 70 years
• The mission of the Learning from Earthquakes (LFE) Program

is to accelerate and increase learning from earthquake- induced disasters that affect the natural, built, social and political environments worldwide.

LFE Products

• Virtual Clearinghouse

Websites with: ○ Resource libraries ○ Photo Galleries ○ Data Maps

• Reconnaissance Reports
• Briefing Webinars
• EQ Spectra special issues

LFE Executive Committee

Led by a dedicated group of expert volunteers!

LFE Activities

• Post-Earthquake Reconnaissance
• Earthquake Clearinghouses and

Reconnaissance Coordination

• Virtual Earthquake Reconnaissance

Team (VERT)

• LFE Travel Study Program
• Resilience Reconnaissance

Virtual Earthquake Reconnaissance Team

VERT members created rapid summaries of impacts days after the M 7.5 Palu, Indonesia quake and associated tsunami. Read the report here

Engaging Younger Members to Support Earthquake Reconnaissance

Virtual Earthquake Reconnaissance Team

VERT Team supports EERI’s response to an earthquake by:

• Creating rapid summaries of impacts for virtual clearinghouse websites
• Assisting EERI reconnaissance teams prepare for deployment
• Assisting EERI reconnaissance teams members with post-process data

Managed by the Younger Members Committee and the LFE program

Join Vert!

https://ymc.eeri.org/virtual-earthquake-reconnaissance-team-vert/

EERI is teaming up with QuakeCoRE for the 2019 Travel Study Program:

New Zealand, May 5-12, 2019

Applications for the program are due November 19, 2019 APPLY NOW

LFE Travel Study Program

Creating Learning Opportunities for the Next Generation

Resilience Reconnaissance

The 2017 Housner Fellows are exploring ways to integrate resilience reconnaissance into the LFE program.

Developing New Tools for Resilience Reconnaissance

Business Resilience Survey

Develops new surveys to record physical damage and cascading economic impacts to business that have experienced a major US earthquake at various points throughout the response and recovery phase to track business impacts and recovery after future earthquake. Current working group efforts include:

• Creating an initial survey set (Physical Building Damage and

Business Impacts)

• Creating intermediate and final surveys that will focus on

broader resilience questions

• Create an implementation protocol for effective survey

deployment

Post-Earthquake Reconnaissance and Clearinghouses

What is Earthquake Reconnaissance?

What it is...

• Scientific or engineering

investigation aimed at documenting important

• bservations and identifying

research topics and lessons for practice. What it is not…

• Emergency response
• Post-earthquake building tagging
• Support for detailed analysis,

repairs, or reconstruction.

EERI’s Response to Earthquakes

• The Virtual Earthquake Reconnaissance Team (VERT)
• Virtual Clearinghouse Websites
• EERI reconnaissance teams
• Topic-focused teams
• Participate in physical clearinghouses
• Coordination of international reconnaissance teams

Virtual Clearinghouse Operations

• A virtual clearinghouse

website will be activated ~24 hours after an earthquake

• Main location for

disseminating reconnaissance photos, data, and reports

• 25 virtual earthquake

clearinghouses established since 2009

Virtual Clearinghouse Photo Gallery

EERI Photo Upload Tool:Photo Gallery

• Photo Gallery is EERI’s main tool

for post-reconnaissance

○ Each Clearinghouse has its own Photo Gallery

• Users can upload pictures to the

Photo Gallery

• Users can also download the

Photo Gallery as a CSV file.

Virtual Clearinghouse Data Map

Physical Clearinghouse Operations

• A physical clearinghouse is a

location where field investigators can come together to coordinate and share observations

• Set up & running within 24 hours

after an earthquake

• As near to area of earthquake as

practical

• Co-located with FEMA’s DFO or
• ther local response field office if

possible

Clearinghouse Exercise, Nov. 2004

The California Earthquake Clearinghouse

Maggie Ortiz-Millan, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI)

History

• First Clearinghouse called for by Gov.

Ronald Reagan after 1971 San Fernando Earthquake

• 10 other Clearinghouse Activations:
• 1975 - Oroville
• 1987 - Whittier Narrows - M6.1
• 1989 - Loma Prieta - M6.9
• 1992 - Landers - M7.5
• 1994 - Northridge - M6.7
• 2001 - Nisqually, WA - M6.8
• 2010 - El Mayor Cucapah – M7.2
• 2011 - Tohoku Tsunami in CA
• 2013 - La Habra – M4.0 (virtual only)
• 2014 - South Napa – M6.0

USGS Circular 1242

• The Clearinghouse is a requirement of the National Earthquake Hazards

Reduction Program (NEHRP) “to ensure an orderly post-earthquake technical reconnaissance”

• Establishes a clearinghouse within 1 day of a significant earthquake where

investigators can meet to review progress

• USGS, FEMA, and EERI work together on behalf of NEHRP
• NEHRP recognizes that California already has formalized the process for

establishing a Clearinghouse

• Both the specific design and operations of the Clearinghouse are the

responsibility of these participants, but general operational plans must be prepared in advance if a fully functional Clearinghouse is to be quickly established.

CA Clearinghouse Managing Organizations

Chair: California Geological Survey (CGS) Anne Rosinski (Anne.Rosinski@conservation.ca.gov) Vice Chair: Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI) Maggie Ortiz-Millan (maggie@eeri.org) California Office of Emergency Services Kevin Miller (Kevin.Miller@calema.ca.gov) US Geological Survey Luke Blair (lblair@usgs.gov) California Seismic Safety Commission Fred Turner (turner@stateseismic.com)

Activation

• The physical clearinghouse will be put into operation only after earthquakes

that meet any of the following parameters:

• When an urban area is struck by a damaging earthquake that has a magnitude of 6 or

above.

• Upon recommendation of CGS, USGS, EERI, and Cal-EMA, even when the above

magnitude threshold is not exceeded, but damage is significant.

• In a remote, less densely populated area, when an earthquake is large enough to

damage structures and lifelines.

Operations

• Facilitate field investigations by earth scientists,

engineers and social scientists, who converge on the disaster site

• Assist researchers in accessing perishable data through

coordination with emergency management

• rganizations and law enforcement
• Provide a forum for sharing information via meetings at a

physical location (field office) and through our new virtual Clearinghouse

• Track fieldwork progress and minimize duplication of

effort; organize data and imagery collected via various technologies and applications and synthesize information for response agencies

• Clearinghouse does not direct or control activities of

participants

Nisqually, WA Clearinghouse, Feb. 2001

Objectives

• The Clearinghouse is set up

following a damaging earthquake to coordinate the collection and classification of the geological and engineering effects of the earthquake.

• Results are communicated to

Emergency Responders and partner agencies

• The result will be a state that is

better able to withstand and recover from future earthquakes.

Coordination with Emergency Management

• The Clearinghouse is not a response
• rganization
• The Clearinghouse does communicate with

response organizations, so it is important to be able to operate within emergency management frameworks to facilitate communication

• The federal National Incident Management

System (NIMS) provides a common approach for managing incidents

• The Incident Command System (ICS) is a

standardized management tool for meeting the demands of small or large emergency or non- emergency situations

2014 South Napa Activation Timeline

• August 24, 2014
• 3:20 AM: Earthquake
• 4:11 AM: Clearinghouse Management notified of EQ
• 5:00 AM: Following Clearinghouse call-down procedures,

conference call scheduled for 7:00 AM

• 7:00 AM: Clearinghouse activated during call
• 10:00 AM: Physical Clearinghouse location provided by

Caltrans near central Napa (w/ satellite communications truck)

• 2:00 PM: EERI Virtual Clearinghouse website live
• 3:00 PM: Physical clearinghouse location operational
• August 26, 2014
• 8:00 PM: Physical clearinghouse location deactivated

Nightly Physical Clearinghouse briefing at a Caltrans facility in Napa Caltrans mobile satellite communications equipment at the physical Clearinghouse

Safety in the Field

Maggie Ortiz-Millan, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI)

Every earthquake will be different

EERI / Wells, NV EERI / Christchurch

Locations Vary Widely

Rural Urban

EERI / Nepal EERI / Haiti

Carefully evaluate the risk you are assuming

Risks and hazards

• Include, but are not limited to:
• Damaged infrastructure
• Possibility of aftershocks
• Unfamiliar surroundings
• Unstable structures
• Falling or tripping hazards
• Falling materials
• Hazardous materials
• Exposure to smoke and dust
• Exposure to fire
• Electrical hazards
• Adverse weather
• Fatigue
• Stress
• Dehydration

EERI / Haiti

Food and Water Safety

• In areas where food and water have

been seriously disrupted, plan to bring your own supplies.

• Take water purification system or

water purification tablets

• Have a water bottle to carry with

you

• Bring non-perishable food items

and simple meal supplies (i.e.

• atmeal)
• It is very easy to get dehydrated.

Make sure you travel with water.

Suggested Field Safety Supplies

• Hard hat
• Vest
• Leather work gloves
• Dust mask

(only offers protection against airborne particulates. Will not filter harmful materials such as carbon monoxide or

• ther hazardous materials)
• Boots/heaved-soled shoes
• Flashlight
• Pocket knife
• Whistle
• First Aid Kit
• Watch
• Medication
• Cell phone
• Identification
• Other supplies as necessary

EERI/San Simeon EQ

Do not attempt reconnaissance near active firefighting or search and rescue efforts

EERI / San Simeon EERI / Mexico City

Assume Infrastructure is Compromised

EERI / Pakistan

Assume There Could be Aftershocks

• Heighten awareness of your surroundings
• Unstable structures could include bridges,
• verpasses, high rises, and water towers
• After an earthquake of magnitude 5 or larger

in California, the USGS posts the probability of strong aftershocks at its website: http://earthquakes.usgs.gov/

EERI / Quindio

Manage your Risk

• Always wear your hard hat
• Always wear boots or hard soled

shoes

• Wear appropriate clothing for the

terrain

EERI / Christchurch

Manage your Risk

• Walk carefully. Common trip

hazards include:

• Downed wire
• Holes
• Uneven sidewalks and roads
• Protruding rebar

EERI / Samoa

Manage your Risk

• Stay in teams
• Make sure fellow team members

know your whereabouts to extent practicable

• ALWAYS carry proper

identification

EERI / Haiti

Manage your Risk

• Never drive and conduct

field reconnaissance at the same time.

• Do not travel alone. Leave

the day’s itinerary with

• ther team members or

Clearinghouse.

In case of emergency:

• You will need to use your own judgment in case of emergencies
• If you need police, try to dial from a local phone
• If you need to go to a hospital, bring a team member with you to provide

support

EERI / Haiti

Identifying Unstable Buildings

• Unsafe buildings have at least one
• f the following characteristics
• May collapse or partially collapse

under its own weight

• Likely to collapse in strong aftershock
• Ongoing (progressive) lean
• Ongoing creep or structural

deterioration

• So heavily damaged its stability cannot

be determined

EERI / Haiti

Be cautious entering damaged sites

• Gather as much information as

possible from a safe vantage point

• From outside, visually survey a

building or other structure

• Walk around the outside of building

before entering to look for signs of instability

• Does it appear to be in imminent

danger?

From ATC TechBrief#2

Recommended Days to Wait Before Emergency Entry of Buildings posted UNSAFE, but Stable

Non-structural hazards

• Even in structurally sound

buildings, non-structural damage can pose significant hazard

• Be aware of:
• Hanging light fixtures
• Broken water pipes
• Precariously balanced

furnishings or equipment

EERI / Christchurch

Landslide hazard

• Take caution when traveling

to areas with landslide hazard

• Be aware of potential

aftershocks that can trigger landslides or rockfalls

EERI / El Salvador

Hazardous materials

W 3 1 2

Health Hazard

4 = Deadly

Fire Hazard

4 = Flash point below 73ºF

Reactivity

4 = May detonate

Specific Hazard

Water Reactive (W)

• r Oxidizing Agent

(Oxy)

Scale 0 to 4 = Less to more dangerous

• Be aware of potential for hazardous materials
• If you see or smell chemicals, do not enter

Hazardous Materials

• Sources of hazardous materials releases include:
• Many large facilities such as hospitals, labs,

universities, manufacturing plants, and warehouses

• Underground pipelines, railroad cars, trucking

companies

• Downed power line transformers

Know your limits

• Reconnaissance can be stressful
• Long days lead to fatigue, increasing chance of injury and illness
• It is easy to get dehydrated in the field; always carry water
• Try to ensure sufficient time for rest

YOU are ultimately responsible for your

• wn personal safety

Each person is expected to be aware of the dangers inherent in field investigations and to act in accordance with their own personal risk threshold

The Disaster Service Workers (DSW) Program

Anne Rosinski, California Geological Survey (CGS)

DSW Quick Facts

• The California Earthquake Clearinghouse is a registered Disaster Service Workers Volunteer organization
• State of California Disaster Service Worker Volunteer Program (DSWVP) provides workers' compensation

insurance coverage in the event a Disaster Service Worker (DSW) volunteer is injured while performing assigned disaster duties, including:

• Performing disaster service, including travel to and from the incident site.
• Participating in an authorized and documented, planned disaster training activity or disaster exercise.

(Coverage for these activities does not include travel to and from the training site.)

• DSW volunteers also receive limited immunity from liability while providing disaster service
• “Disaster service means all activities authorized by and carried on pursuant to the California Emergency

Services Act, including approved and documented training necessary or proper to engage in such [disaster] activities.” (Cal. Code of Regs., Title 19,§2570.2. (3)(b)(1)).

• California Geological Survey (CGS) is an Authorized State Agency and can administer DSW oath for

California Clearinghouse Volunteers

Training Requirement

• DSW volunteers should be trained and prepared for disaster service assignments.
• All DSW volunteers should be given basic safety instruction commensurate with the

environment in which they may be providing services.

• Training can be documented on something as simple as a training sign-in sheet or as elaborate

as an individual electronic training record.

DSW Registration Form

• The person applying to volunteer should fill out

the registration form.

• Information fields required by DSWVP regulations

are shaded on the registration form. (Additional fields can be filled out with pertinent information that is helpful to the emergency services organization.)

• When signing the registration form, a person

having the delegated authority to do so must administer the loyalty oath, and the form signed and dated by that authorized official.

• Classification: Safety Assessment Inspector*

*registration as a DWS through the California Earthquake Clearinghouse does not authorize you to perform building tagging

Activation of DSW’s

• All registered DSW volunteers should wait for official activation from their supervising

authority before carrying out volunteer work. (Reconnaissance conducted before official activation notice from Clearinghouse may not be covered)

• California Earthquake Clearinghouse will notify members of official activation via

email and a posting on the California Earthquake Clearinghouse website. (EERI will also notify members of official activation via email and a posting on the EERI and LFE websites)

Reimbursement

• The California Earthquake Clearinghouse is NOT able to reimburse expenses

incurred while volunteers are providing disaster service.

Medical Treatment for Injury

• When an injury occurs, the DSW volunteer must be referred to a medical

provider for evaluation and treatment.

• If the DSW volunteer has designated a medical provider or facility prior to the

injury, treatment with that provider must be allowed. If no designation was made, the supervising agency has the authority to select a medical provider or facility.

• If a non-emergency injury occurs, the DSW volunteer can be referred to his or

her personal medical provider.

Filing a Claim: Instructions for Volunteers

• Step 1: The injured DSW volunteer (or a relative or legal representative if the DSW volunteer is incapacitated)

must complete the top section of the SCIF Form 3301 (lines 1 through 8), in its entirety. Select line Instructions:

• 4: Date and time of injury: For a specific injury, give the date the accident occurred. If the DSW is

alleging a cumulative trauma over a period of time, list the date of the most recent exposure. For example, if a DSW volunteer contracted pneumonia as a result of prolonged exposure working outside in bad weather, list the first date of the alleged exposure through the date symptoms were apparent.

• 5: Address and description of where injury happened: Give as much detail as possible to describe the

location of the accident. This information is helpful in determining if the incident occurred as alleged and if it occurred in the course of disaster service work, resulting in a covered injury.

• 6: Describe injury and part of body affected: It is important to describe all parts of the body believed

to be injured. The supervising agency reserves the right to have an appropriate medical specialist address the probability of any injury resulting from an accident or activity, as alleged.

• 8: Signature: It is important that the DSW volunteer (or their representative) sign the claim form. In

doing so, the DSW volunteer: takes responsibility that the information provided is correct; and, acknowledges they have read and understand the fraud disclaimer printed at the top of the form.

• Step 2: The injured DSW volunteer retains the copy marked Employee's Temporary Receipt. This is the DSW

volunteer's receipt of record that the claim was filed with the supervising agency.

• Step 3: Submit the signed form and the remaining copies to the team leader or supervisor within 3 days (or 72

hours) of receiving the form. This document is part of the claim package that will be sent to SCIF to initiate the claim process.

http://content.statefundca.com//p df/e3301.pdf

DSW Loyalty Oath

• No workers’ compensation benefit may be paid to any DSW volunteer unless the

loyalty oath has been taken or subscribed to.

• Administration of the Oath: The oath is to be administered only by an officer

(CGS) authorized to administer oaths.

Disaster Service Workers Loyalty Oath

I, ______, do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support and defend the Constitution of the United States and the Constitution of the State of California against all enemies, foreign and domestic; that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the Constitution of the United States and the Constitution of the State of California; that I take this

• bligation freely, without any mental reservation or purpose of

evasion; and that I will well and faithfully discharge the duties upon which I am about to enter.

More Information

• Disaster Service Workers Program: http://www.caloes.ca.gov/cal-oes-

divisions/planning-preparedness/disaster-service-worker-volunteer-program

• California Earthquake Clearinghouse:

http://www.californiaeqclearinghouse.org/

• NIMS: http://www.fema.gov/national-incident-management-system
• ICS: http://www.fema.gov/incident-command-system-resources

Ana Isabel Orozco Campos, Intern Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI)

Tools & Training Demonstration

LFE Reconnaissance Data Collection

• EERI encourages members to use one of two data collection methods:

○ Batch Upload Tool: desktop app for uploading batches of geotagged photos ○ Fulcrum Data Collection App: smartphone app for use in the field

• Both methods feed into the virtual clearinghouse photo gallery and data map

Fulcrum Features

• Third-party Mobile App for Android and

iPhone

• Flexible form builder
• Intuitive design
• Collects data and photos
• GPS enabled
• Data can be collected offline

LFE Reconnaissance Forms in Fulcrum

• Reconnaissance data collection form with:
• Auto-populate functionality for personal

information

• Quick (5-minutes) and detailed (10-

minutes) modes

• Forms for 8 different observation

categories

• Collects multiple photos per record
• Syncs to Virtual Clearinghouse Photo

Gallery and Data Map (same data models)

LFE Reconnaissance Forms in Fulcrum

• This is what the forms look like in the app
• Sections marked by black headings
• Fields with red asterisk are required
• Interface looks slightly different on Android

and iPhone (iPhone pictured here)

Logging into Fulcrum

1 2 3 4

Sign in Email: fulcrum9@eeri.org Password: Quakes123 Change your form Add a new record Choose your form

Quick Form Walkthrough

Detailed Form Walkthrough

Field Exercise Instructions

Activity Instructions

• 1. Pick a poster

A: Napa Nest (Napa) D: Pedestrian Bridge (Napa) B: Glazed & Crazed (Mexico) E: Business 1234 (Napa)* C: Residential Home (Japan) F: Business 5678 (Napa)*

• 2. Discuss the damage you see with your group
• 3. Use Fulcrum to collect your data

○ The “Reconnaissance Form” can be used for all posters ○ *The “Initial Survey - Business” form should be used ONLY for We have 30 minutes, spend ~10 minutes per poster to visit 3 posters Try to have about 5 people per poster at one time

LOGIN Email: fulcrum9@eeri.org Password: Quakes123

Switching forms in Fulcrum

• The Business Resilience Survey can be

used for two of the posters during the exercise

• Two switch from the reconnaissance

Form to the Business Survey, go to the records list or map view and tap the form drop-down menu (iphone pictured)

• Then select the Business Survey

For more Information about LFE

Check out our new website!

learningfromearthquakes.org

Chapter Discussion