Welcome Iowa Mutual Insurance Association Wick Buildings, Inc. 405 Walter Road P.O. Box 38 Mazomanie, WI 53560 800-356-9682 WickBuildings.com
Wick Buildings, Inc. Larry Edema Have been with Wick Buildings for over 25 years Vice President of the Corporation National Sales Manager Past-chair of the NFBA Served on the Board for over 13 years.
Wick Buildings, Inc. Founded in 1954 by John F. Wick, Sr. (Over 180 employees) Manufacturer of post-frame building packages Over 73,720+ buildings completed (08/22/17) National headquarters in Mazomanie, Wisconsin Manufacturing facility/training center in Mazomanie, Wisconsin Over 110 + Builders serving 16 states Complete in-house Engineering, R&D, and Information Systems Buildings delivered on Wick tractor-trailers and offloaded
Wick Buildings, Inc. National Headquarters Mazomanie, Wisconsin
Post-Frame Building Construction Market Share Commercial Agricultural 27% 45% Equine 3.5% Suburban 24.5%
Introduction to Post-Frame Building Systems
Learning Objectives • Identify the versatility and range of applications for post-frame building systems • Identify the structural features that make post- frame building systems unique • Introduce the basic design methods for structural design of post-frame building systems • Identify the available resources for design of post- frame building systems • Identify key performance characteristics of post- frame building systems
POST-FRAME BUILDINGS: A LIGHT-COMMERCIAL MAINSTAY
“ With so many structural framing options, building functions, and architectural finishes, post-frame building systems are limited only by the architect’s imagination and creativity.”
“ Post-frame contributes very well to both the environment and the value for your dollar.” — Cheryl Ciecko, ALA AIA LEED AP CSI GGP, technical director, WoodWorks, a nonprofit initiative of the Wood Products Council
LEARNING OBJECTIVES • Versatility and range of applications • Structural features that make these systems unique • Key performance characteristics • Resources for designing post-frame building systems
WHAT IS POST-FRAME? Many architects, design professionals, code officials and insurance companies are unfamiliar with post-frame • It is not commonly included in traditional architectural school curricula • They incorrectly equate post-frame construction with post-and-beam construction • They think post-frame is only for agricultural buildings (i.e., barns, storage facilities, or horse facilities)
POST-FRAME IS EVERYWHERE
CONVENIENCE STORES
RESTAURANTS
COMMERCIAL OFFICES AND VETERINARY CLINICS
RELIGIOUS SPACES
PRIVATE HOMES
PRIVATE HOMES
PUBLIC BUILDINGS
COMMUNITY BUILDINGS
RECEPTION HALLS
RETAIL STORES
POST-AND-BEAM CONSTRUCTION Girder (Beam) Post Floor Pinned Connection Concrete Pier Continuous Footer or Pier Foundation
POST-AND-BEAM CONSTRUCTION Girder Post Purlin (Beam)
THIS IS POST-FRAME Truss-to-Post Connection Primary Frames Wood Column Clear Span Truss Embedded Post Foundation Figure 1: Post-frame building with trusses supported by embedded posts
THIS IS POST-FRAME Roof Purlin Wall Girt Figure 2: Post-frame building mounted on a concrete stem wall
PRIMARY FEATURES OF POST-FRAME Sheathing Selection of ceiling & wall coverings for interior finished buildings Purlins Overhangs and decorative mansards Truss Wainscot options Column size determined for roof & wind loads Wood columns Wall girts
PRIMARY FEATURES OF POST-FRAME Columns sized to meet wind loads Splash Steel anchor plank Concrete Columns sized to designed to resist sized to meet meet wind loads wind loads wind loads Splash Splash Steel anchor plank plank designed to resist Treated sill plate wind loads Treated sill plate Treated column anchors to resist wind uplift Thickened edge Engineered Monolithic concrete concrete slab footings Frost wall and footing with any required reinforcement
THIS IS POST-FRAME PLAN VIEW Purlin (24” o.c.) Post Girder (Header for openings) Clear Span Truss
KEY FEATURES OF POST-FRAME Cross section Truss Purlins Girts Sidewall Post Post Height Eave Height Clear Splashboard Span Post Foundation Post Footing
KEY FEATURES OF POST-FRAME • Wood sidewall columns • Wide bay spacing - 8 ft. and greater • Large clear spans - up to 100 ft. • Embedded wood columns or concrete piers • Attached wall and roof sheathing or cladding form structural shearwall/structural diaphragm system for resisting lateral loads
WOOD SIDEWALL COLUMNS • Solid-sawn, glued-laminated, or mechanically (nail) laminated wood • Nominal 6x6, 6x8, 8x8 or 8x10 cross section • Typically spaced 4, 6, 8, 12 or 16 ft. on center along sidewall • Any portion of the wood post embedded directly into the ground and 6 -12 in. above grade is pressure preservative treated to AWPA- recommended levels for ground contact
WOOD SIDEWALL COLUMN Spliced glued-laminated column • 3-ply or 4-ply, fabricated with 2x lumber • Lower portion is preservative treated • Upper portion is untreated
WOOD SIDEWALL COLUMNS Nail-laminated posts with treated bottom spliced to untreated top Preservative- treated splash board
WOOD SIDEWALL COLUMNS Untreated Post Concrete Pier
PRESSURE PRESERVATIVE TREATMENTS • Posts embedded in the ground, specify: o Use category UC4B or better per AWPA- U1-09 o e.g., CCA@0.60 pcf
POST FOUNDATION OPTIONS: EMBEDDED TREATED COLUMNS Treatment stamp
PRECAST OR CAST-IN-PLACE REINFORCED CONCRETE PIER • Pre-cast reinforced concrete pier with post attached above grade • Entire assembly pre-engineered • Assembly usually fabricated in factory and shipped to site as a single unit
PRE-CAST REINFORCED CONCRETE PIER Reinforcement Cleat
CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE FOUNDATION WALL Cast-in-Place Concrete Untreated Post Foundation Wall Connection Hardware
THICKENED CONCRETE SLAB
THICKENED CONCRETE SLAB
PROTECTIVE POST COVERS • Blow-molded plastic or HDPE plastic protective barriers • Provide moisture and insect protection • “Enhance protection of copper - based chemical treated wood posts or laminated columns”
ROOF FRAMING • Pre-engineered metal plate connected 2x lumber trusses typically spaced 4 - 8 ft. on center • Heavier timber trusses for larger post and truss spacings and aesthetic requirements • Solid-sawn wood rafters spaced 2 - 4 ft. on center for shorter clear spans • Glulam rafters for larger rafter spacings or clear spans
ROOF FRAMING Trusses Sidewall Column (connected to trusses)
POST TO ROOF FRAMING CONNECTIONS • Posts are connected directly to the roof framing if post and roof framing spacing are the same • Posts and roof framing are often connected to header beams if post and roof framing spacing are not the same
POST TO ROOF FRAMING CONNECTION Block Block Height Connection is usually a pinned connection (not a moment-resisting connection)
POST TO ROOF FRAMING CONNECTION
POST TO ROOF FRAMING CONNECTION
SOLID SAWN POSTS Typical post-to-truss connection details for a solid sawn post application 1 ½” Connection with Connection truss fastened to with truss slide of post and bearing on with bear block notch in post
ROOF PURLIN PLACEMENT Purlins oriented flat or “on edge,” depending on truss and purlin spacing Purlins placed either on top or inset between truss top chords or inset between roof rafters
ROOF FRAMING AND PURLINS Purlin Truss 2 ft o.c. 8 ft o.c. Connection to Post Connection
WALL GIRTS • Typically 2x4 to 2x8 solid sawn lumber, spaced 24 - 32 inches apart • Oriented “flat” on outside face of wall post for smaller post and girt spacings and loads • “On edge” between adjacent posts for larger loads or post or girt spacings
WALL GIRTS AND SHEATHING Wall Girt Sheating
WALL GIRTS AND SHEATHING
SECONDARY FRAMING AND BRACING • Corner bracing in upper chords of trusses • Diagonal bracing for lower chords of trusses • Lower chord stiffeners for trusses • Cross-bracing of selected compression webs • Continuous longitudinal bracing of long compression webs and chords of trusses
POST-FRAME TECHNICAL RESOURCES • ANSI/ASAE (ASABE) EP 484 for diaphragm design of metal-clad, post-frame rectangular buildings • ANSI/ASAE (ASABE) EP 486 for shallow post foundation design • ANSI/ASAE (ASABE) EP 559 for design requirements and bending properties for mechanically laminated columns
POST FRAME BUILDING DESIGN MANUAL • Structural design procedures for post-frame building systems – Post Frame designer’ s primary reference – NFBA.org
BENEFITS OF POST-FRAME • Cost-effective • Energy efficient • Code compliance • Sustainability and greenness • Design flexibility • Durability and strength
Examples of Post-Frame Applications in Commercial Buildings
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