Water Governance & Indigenous Well-being: Climate Change, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Water Governance & Indigenous Well-being: Climate Change, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Aug 18, 2023 211 likes •499 views

Water Governance & Indigenous Well-being: Climate Change, Contaminants, Traditional Harvest & Indigenous Childrens Environmental Health Paivi Abernethy PhD MRes MSc FNHA Climate Change & Health Specialist First Nations Food,

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Paivi Abernethy PhD MRes MSc FNHA Climate Change & Health Specialist First Nations Food, Nutrition and Environment Forum Algonquin Territory – Ottawa November 6, 2019

Water Governance & Indigenous Well-being:

Climate Change, Contaminants, Traditional Harvest & Indigenous Children’s Environmental Health

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www.fnha.ca

Talking Points

The complex influences of environmental contaminants on Indigenous health

Situating the findings Concerns Why does it matter? (FEHNCY)

Indigenous solutions & water governance

Research Practice Policy

What are your thoughts on this?

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www.fnha.ca

*Developmental Origin of Health and Disease

Water governance Water pollution DoHAD* (Health) All our relations** Traditional harvest

** Colborn et al. (1993). Developmental effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in wildlife and humans. Environmental health perspectives, 101(5), 378-384.

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www.fnha.ca

Two-Eyed Seeing

Two-eyed seeing refers to learning to see from one eye with the strengths of Indigenous ways of knowing and from the other eye the strengths of Western ways of knowing, and using both of these eyes together to use the gifts and insights from both to gain a more fulsome understanding.

Integrative Science (in Mi’kmaq: Toqwa’tu’kl Kjijitaqnn)

Bartlett, C., Marshall, M., & Marshall, A. (2012). Two-Eyed Seeing and other lessons learned within a co-learning journey of bringing together indigenous and mainstream knowledges and ways of knowing. Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, 2(4), 331-340. 4

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SITUATING THE FINDINGS

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www.fnha.ca

FNFNES findings

  • Nutritional quality of food
  • Overweight
  • Food insecurity
  • Water quality
  • Mercury
  • Chemical contamination of traditional

foods not a health concern (as currently consumed)

Challenge #1: “The consumption of traditional foods differed between communities and appears to be related to contamination concerns.” (Hlimi et al. 2012)

Hlimi et al. (2012). Traditional food consumption behaviour and concern with environmental contaminants among Cree schoolchildren

  • f the Mushkegowuk territory. International Journal of Circumpolar Health, 71(1), 17344.

Good news:

The measured toxic exposures in adults mostly below acceptable limits

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Challenge #2: Indigenous Determinants of Health

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Water, land & air Medicines

Spiritual Health

Livelihoods Food Security Social Networks Empowerment Community Capacity

Physical Health

Adapted from Swinomish Indian Tribal Community by Larry Campbell & Jamie Donatuto, 2015 at https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/translational/peph/webinars/tribal/indigenous_health_indicators_508.pdf

Identity

Emotional Health Mental Health

Traditional food

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www.fnha.ca

Holistic approach to health

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Community Concerns

  • 1. Hayes, T. et al.(2006). Pesticide mixtures, endocrine disruption, and amphibian declines: Are we underestimating the impact?.

Environmental Health Perspectives, 114(Suppl 1), pp.40-50

  • 2. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/fort-mcmurray-athabasca-river-bitumen-deformed-fish-study-1.5139766
  • 3. https://globalnews.ca/news/3835007/alberta-fish-powerade-wrapper/
  • 4. http://science.time.com/2010/07/29/canadas-transsexual-fish/
  • 5. https://globalnews.ca/news/5802595/bc-salmon-stocks-plunge/

.

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Additional pressures: Indirect climate health outcomes

  • Spawning/ harvest

season

  • Less fresh water
  • Increased ocean

levels

  • Acidification
  • Warmer waters
  • Toxic blooms/

pathogens

  • Contaminant release
  • Temperature
  • Flooding

10 A tweet by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nation, Jan.31, 2017 https://twitter.com/FAOclimate/status/826467671625580546

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www.fnha.ca

Unexpected climate change impacts on health: Historical cumulative effects

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Why does this matter? (FEHNCY)

Developmental Origin of Health and Disease (DOHaD) Exposure to certain environmental influences during critical periods of development and growth may have significant consequences on an individual’s short- and long-term health

Barouki et al. (2012). Developmental origins of non-communicable disease: implications for research and public health. Environmental Health, 11(1), 42.

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WATER GOVERNANCE

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Water Is Sacred

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www.fnha.ca

We can change the situation

https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/kitchener-waterloo/male-fish-intersex-eggs-wastewater-study-grand-river-1.3933033

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Weaving together different ways of knowing for better water governance

(Sanderson et al. 2015)

  • Mutual validation between science and Indigenous knowledge
  • Indigenous knowledge expanded & enriched the findings beyond the four

survey themes: Wildlife: Climate change has impacted wildlife, resulting in less traditional foods and medicines and the possible future extinction of the Nechakowhite sturgeon. Health: Human health has been affected in many ways, including through more reliance on store-bought food.

16 Sanderson et al. (2015). Climate change and water at Stellat'en First Nation, British Columbia, Canada: Insights from western science and traditional knowledge. The Canadian Geographer/Le Géographe Canadien, 59(2), 136-150.

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Change Is in the Air

https://unfccc.int/news/values-of-indigenous-peoples-can-be-a-key-component-of-climate-resilience https://www.bclocalnews.com/news/b-c-wildlife-federation-calls-for-change-in-salmon-management/ 17

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www.fnha.ca

First Nations & Stewardship

Stewardship is a values-based concept Values are central to Indigenous knowledge systems, e.g.: Collective good Intergenerational responsibility Being ‘in relationship’ First Nations governance of (environmental) assets is about stewardship for both present and future generations

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RESEARCH

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www.fnha.ca

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PRACTICE

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The Cowichan Watershed Board (CWB)

A local governance entity created in 2010, in the Cowichan/Koksilah watersheds, ancestral home of the Quw’utsun First Nation. Co-chaired by Cowichan Tribes and the Cowichan Valley Regional District (CVRD). To serve as a formal entity to improve collaborative management and decision- making to protect and enhance the health of the whole of the watershed.

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https://cowichanwatershedboard.ca/

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23 https://cowichanwatershedboard.ca/the-cowichan-watershed-board-2/ https://cowichanwatershedboard.ca/documents-reports/

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www.fnha.ca

Other Indigenous Solutions

24 https://www.ilinationhood.ca/our-work/guardians/ http://www.climatetelling.info/climate-change--health-adaptation-program.html https://toolkit.climate.gov/case-studies/swinomish-indian-tribal-community-prepares-climate-change-impacts

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POLICY

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www.fnha.ca

Indigenous-centred policy frameworks for health

  • Recognise Indigenous knowledge;
  • Recognise the inherent right to self-

determination;

  • Use an inclusive and integrative

knowledge system;

  • Employ community-based

participatory approaches; and

  • Use circular and holistic viewpoints

“Improving the physical environment and Indigenous participation in environmental decision-making is inherently related to the improvement of health among Indigenous Peoples.”

Black, K., & McBean, E. (2016). Increased Indigenous participation in environmental decision-making: A policy analysis for the improvement of Indigenous health. International Indigenous Policy Journal, 7(4). 26

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Questions & Discussion

www.fnha.ca

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https://toolkit.climate.gov/case-studies/swinomish-indian-tribal-community-prepares-climate-change-impacts

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Thank you – chi miigwech

www.fnha.ca

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Paivi Abernethy, PhD MSc MRes

Climate Change & Health Specialist Environmental Public Health Services First Nations Health Authority eMail: Paivi.Abernethy@fnha.ca Phone: 250.208.6139 Research Fellow Centre for Global Studies University of Victoria eMail: pabernethy@uvic.ca