Wastewater Administrators Conference Frankenmuth, Michigan THE - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

21 January 2011

THE WYOMING CLEAN WATER PLANT BIO-P START-UP STORY

CRAIG SMITH - WYOMING CLEAN WATER PLANT ED KOBYLINSKI - BLACK & VEATCH

Wastewater Administrator’s Conference

Frankenmuth, Michigan

START-UP PLAN

• Understand Bio-P and how it works
• Understand process configuration – New Process and New

Basins

2 January 21, 2011, 2010

SCADA CONTROL SCREEN

START-UP PLAN

• Understand Bio-P and how it works
• Understand process configuration – New Process and New

Basins

• Analytical plan for process monitoring
• Process Changeover
• Build MLSS to seed new basins
• Start slow
• Move chem P addition to final clarifier
• Slowly reduce ferric addition
• Monitor for P release in anaerobic zone
• Turn off ferric feed

4 January 21, 2011, 2010

HOW DOES BIO-P WORK?

January 21, 2011, 2010 6

O P O O O O P O O O O P O O O VFA

UNDERSTANDING BIO-P - UNDER ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS – PHOSPHORUS RELEASE AND ATP DEPLETION

Bio-battery for energy storage

N N H2N N N O OH OH O P O O O O P O O O O P O O O Volatile Fatty Acids Phosphate

Using Energy

VFA VFA VFA

PHB PHB PHB

PHB

Poly-P

Magnesium

ATP

Poly-P

Poly-P

Poly-P Adenosine Tri-Phosphate

WHAT ARE VFA?

• Volatile fatty acids are a group of low molecular weight acids

that are easily consumed by microorganisms – Bug Food

• Chemically the VFA are comprised of Acetic, Propionic, Butyric,

Caproic, Valeric acids and others

• What VFA are we most interested in? – Acetic and Propionic

acids

• Many microbes love acetic acid as food – candy for the bugs
• Some acids cannot be eaten by different groups of bugs
• Our PAOs thrive on acetic and propionic acids – so presence of

propionic acid in the anaerobic zone indicates that enough VFA are present to get the job done.

7 January 21, 2011, 2010

8

Poly-P Poly-P PHB Electron microscope – Poly-P stains black, PHB stains white

November 16-18, 2010

UNDERSTANDING BIO-P UNDER AEROBIC CONDITIONS - PHOSPHATE UPTAKE/ ATP PRODUCTION

Aeration Basin

Phosphate

Making Energy

Poly-P

Magnesium

Poly-P

Poly- P Poly-P Bio-battery is recharging

OH OH N N H2N N N O O P O O O O P O O O O P O O O

ATP

PHB

PHB PHB PHB

PHB

9 January 21, 2011, 2010

May 11-14, 2010 B&V - 10

Poly-P

Poly-phosphate stored in the aerobic zone. Phosphorus is removed with the WAS.

10 January 21, 2011, 2010

New Process and operators need to know what to watch for!

BIO-P PROCESS CONFIGURATION

• Plant designed for year round nitrification
• At this time activated sludge basins are not configured to

denitrify – nitrates will be present in RAS return stream

• Anaerobic zone has been inserted ahead of the activated sludge

basin - RAS is returned through the anaerobic zone for conditioning – P release

• A pre-anoxic zone is located ahead of the anaerobic zone for

removal of oxygen and nitrate from RAS– reduce interference in anaerobic zone

• Primary effluent can be split between the pre-anoxic zone and

anaerobic zone – food source for pre-anoxic zone for removal of DO and nitrate

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BIO-P PROCESS CONFIGURATION

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RAS 10-30% PE Rest of PE

Pre- Anoxic Zone Anaerobic Zone – provides conditions for phosphorus release

1 2 3

1st Oxic 2nd Oxic

Phosphorus Uptake under aerobic conditions

Anaerobic Zone Separate oxic zones for DO control Can add ferric for trim control of phosphorus

To Final Clarifiers

13 January 21, 2011, 2010

Oxic Cell 1

Anaerobic Cell 3 effluent

Mixers

• Minimal surface agitation to limit

aeration of cell

• Mixing sufficient to keep MLSS in

suspension and blend dis-similar streams

Photo Caption Box. To Use, copy and paste box into slide. 14 January 21, 2011, 2010

WHAT DO YOU MONITOR DURING START- UP OF A BIO-P PROCESS?

PROCESS MONITORING FOR BIO-P STATUS

• Point 1 – Monitor primary effluent for VFA, TP and Ortho P
• Point 2 – Monitor pre-anoxic zone for DO, ORP and nitrate
• Point 3 – Monitor anaerobic zone for ORP, Ortho P and VFA
• Point 4 – Oxic basin effluent for Ortho P

16 January 21, 2011, 2010

1 2 3

Pre- Anoxic Zone Anaerobic Zone Primary Effluent

WHAT DOES THE MONITORING SHOW AND WHAT DO WE DO ABOUT IT?

• Primary effluent – If low in VFA, run a deeper sludge blanket to

give sludge time to ferment more VSS to VFA in the primary clarifier

• Nitrate in RAS – If RAS nitrate concentration is high, increase

primary effluent flow to the pre-anoxic cells – decrease RAS flow

• ORP in anaerobic cells is high – Check DO control in aeration

basin and flow split of primary effluent to the pre-anoxic cells – Reduce RAS flow if possible

• Ortho-P in plant effluent is rising – check all of the above – check

P release in anaerobic cells – Check nitrate and DO in RAS and in pre-anoxic cells – Check DO in aeration basin (Need positive DO in upstream end of basin to ensure good P Uptake)

17 January 21, 2011, 2010

WHAT DOES THE MONITORING SHOW AND WHAT DO WE DO ABOUT IT?

• No VFA showing up at end of anaerobic cells
• Could mean that DO and nitrate are in the RAS and interfering

with P release and fermentation

• Could mean that influent carbon (rbCOD) is low and not

enough fermentation is occurring in the anaerobic cells

• Might be a high flow event – rainstorm or snow melt

interfering with fermentation in the collection system

• Influent VFA production is seasonal so may be at a low VFA

production time

• May not have enough rbCOD in WWTP influent – natural

causes or caused by addition of chemicals in collection system

18 January 21, 2011, 2010

Wyoming CWP Influent Volatile Fatty Acids - February

1/31/2005 Shift 1 1/31/2005 Shift 2 1/31/2005 Shift 2 Dupl 1/31/2005 Shift 3 Dupl 1/31/2005 Shift 3 Dupl 2/2/05 12:00 AM 2/2/05 2:00 AM 2/2/05 2:00 AM 2/2/05 4:00 AM 2/2/05 6:00 AM 2/2/05 8:00 AM 2/2/05 10:00 AM 2/2/05 12:00 PM 2/2/05 2:00 PM 2/2/05 2:00 PM 2/2/05 4:00 PM 2/2/05 6:00 PM 2/2/05 6:00 PM 2/2/05 8:00 PM 2/2/05 10:00 PM 2/03/05 Shift 1 2/03/05 Shift 1 Dupl 2/03/05 Shift 2 2/03/05 Shift 2 Dupl

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 Individual Samples Concentration (mg/L) Acetic Acid Propionic Acid Isobutyric Acid Butyric Acid 2-Methylbutyric Acid Isovaleric Acid Valeric Acid Duplicates Duplicates Duplicates Duplicates Duplicates

7/12/04 8am C 7/12/04 3pm C 7/12/04 3pm DUPL 7/12/04 11pm C 7/14/04 8am C duplicate not taken 7/14/04 3pm C 7/14/04 10:45pm C broken in shipping 7/16/04 4am C 7/16/04 11:30am C 7/16/04 11:30am DUPL 7/21/04 6-8am C 7/21/04 8-10am C 7/21/04 10am-12pm C 7/21/04 12-2pm C 7/21/04 12-2pm DUPL 7/21/04 2-4pm C 7/21/04 4-6pm C 7/21/04 6-8pm C 7/21/04 8-10pm C 7/21/04 10pm-12am C 7/22/04 12-2am C 7/22/04 12-2am DUPL 7/22/04 2-4am C 7/22/04 4-6am C 7/22/04 4-6am DUPL 7/22/04 12-8am C 7/22/04 3pm C 7/22/04 10pm C 7/22/04 10pm DUPL 7/24/04 7:30am C 7/24/04 7:30 am DUPL 7/24/04 4pm C 7/24/04 11:30pm C

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 Individual Samples Concentration (mg/L) Acetic Acid Propionic Acid Isobutyric Acid Butyric Acid 2-Methylbutyric Acid Isovaleric Acid Valeric Acid Duplicates Duplicates Duplicates Duplicates Duplicates Duplicates Duplicates

SYSTEM START-UP – THE NEW PROCESS AND PERFORMANCE DATA

ORIGINAL FACILITY – TWO STAGE TRICKLING FILTER / ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS

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NEW PLANT – SINGLE STAGE ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS WITH BIO-P

22 January 21, 2011, 2010

New activated sludge basins New Clarifiers TFs removed from site

START-UP OF NITRIFICATION

23 January 21, 2011, 2010

• Transferred MLSS to Basin 4 and got good nitrification but not

complete nitrification

• Brought second basin into service and nitrification improved to

less than 0.5 mg/L in a few days

START-UP HISTORY FOR NUMBER OF BASINS IN SERVICE

• Once two basins were in service – no problems with nitrification
• Upsets due to blower malfunctions

24 January 21, 2011, 2010

Blower Failures

NH3 AND PO4-N LEVELS AS BASINS CAME ONLINE

• Nitrification start-up independent of Bio-P – different sets of

Microbes

25 January 21, 2011, 2010 Effluent TP

NH3 AND PO4-N LEVELS AS FERRIC ADDITION WAS REDUCED

• Slowly reduced chemical addition to rely on Bio-P -Final

conversion in Jan 2009

• Heavy rain/ high influent flows affect Bio-P – High sewer liquid

velocities strip off slime that ferments VSS to VFA in sewer

26 January 21, 2011, 2010

Permit limit = 1.0 mg/L as P Iron added for Odor Control only Permit Limit = 1 mg/L P Iron added for odor control Bio-P is working

COMPLETE NITRIFICATION CREATES A NITRATE RECYCLE CONDITION TO MONITOR

27 January 21, 2011, 2010

Denitrification

• ccurs in sludge

blanket in final clarifiers

MONITORING ORTHO-P CONCENTRATION THROUGH ANAEROBIC CELLS

28 January 21, 2011, 2010

• Daily Ortho-P concentrations show a rise across the anaerobic

zones

• Increasing Ortho-P concentration means PAOs are releasing

phosphorus

• Because there is little P in recycle streams (Liquid land

application) there appears to be not a lot of release

5/1/2008 5/2/2008 5/3/2008 5/4/2008 5/5/2008 5/6/2008 Zone 3 3.9 3.1 4.6 2.9 3.2 4.4 Zone 4 3.9 3.4 4.9 3.4 3.8 4.5 Zone 5 4.1 3.5 4.8 3.6 3.9 4.5 Cell 2 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 1.3 1.7

Daily Ortho-P concentrations, mg/L as P

ORP PROFILE INDICATES ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS BECOMING STRONGER THROUGH ANAEROBIC CELLS

First pre-anoxic cell is affected by nitrate in RAS Second pre- anoxic cell shows nitrate is being removed – more negative reading Anaerobic cells - well defined anaerobic conditions

CHALLENGES

• Construction still going on
• Blower equipment issues
• Learning a new process
• “Teaching an old dog new tricks”

30 January 21, 2011, 2010

QUESTIONS?

Craig Smith, Wyoming 616-261-3558 Ed Kobylinski, Black & Veatch 913-458-3370