Views Examples: Using Arguments and Relationships April 19, 2010 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Views Examples: Using Arguments and Relationships April 19, 2010 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Views Examples: Using Arguments and Relationships April 19, 2010 Michelle Lauer Drupal.org: miche Twitter: @bymiche Blog: developedbymiche.com/downloads CP: commonplaces.com/resources CommonPlaces.com Development Co-development & Mentoring

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Views Examples: Using Arguments and Relationships

April 19, 2010 Michelle Lauer Drupal.org: miche Twitter: @bymiche Blog: developedbymiche.com/downloads CP: commonplaces.com/resources

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Marketing

Marketing Strategy & Mentoring User Training & Documentation Traditional & Cloud Hosting Security Services

Support

Application Support Site Maintenance Training & Documentation Traditional & Cloud Hosting Security Services

CommonPlaces.com

Planning

Business Strategy Consulting Information Architecture Performance Optimization Usability & Interface Design Detailed Project Specifications

Development

Co-development & Mentoring Application Integration Modules & Upgrades Open Source Development Visual Design & Theming

CommonPlaces develops integrated

  • pen source

solutions designed to educate, engage, and entertain.

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Welcome

You are here because…

  • Want to be able to filter content in different

ways (arguments)

  • Want to be able to display other information

(relationships) I will show you…

  • Systematic way to create ALL views in the GUI
  • What are arguments and how to use them
  • What are relationships and how to use them
  • Why you should export your Views to code

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Hang On!

  • Lots of information – FAST!
  • Put your pencil down and absorb
  • Remember the process
  • Remember the big picture
  • Remember the use cases
  • Download the slides
  • Look up the details

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Background Information

What is a “site” module?

  • Site- wide customizations
  • hook_form_alter
  • hook_nodeapi
  • hook_menu
  • hook_block
  • hook_token_list, hook_token_values
  • hook_views_default_views

Module Developer’s Guide: http://drupal.org/developing/modules Core module hooks: http://api.drupal.org/api/group/hooks Contributed module hooks: http://drupalcontrib.org/drupal-6-modules

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Best Practices

  • Create your own CCK body field
  • Preface the name of your CCK fields with

content type they are used in.

  • Fields that are used in several content

types don’t need the ctype name

  • Follow the same series of steps when you

create each view

  • Create Views and Node paths so each part

is a valid page

  • First filter = Published nodes
  • Export your views to code

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Example 1 A Glossary of Terms

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Example: A Glossary of Terms

Our goal is to create a way to browse through the instances of the content type glossary_item. When viewing the Glossary page, we can show all the items, but most people would prefer smaller chunks of content, so we will also provide pages for each first letter. When you navigate to a “letter” page, you only see nodes whose title begins with that letter.

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Example: A Glossary of Terms

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Definition: Arguments

Arguments are parts of the URL of a view that can be used to reduce the result-set.

  • mysite.com/taxonomy/term/89

Arguments in Views are akin to arguments in

  • functions. You are passing a variable to be

used.

  • function mysite_do_something($arg)

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Example: A Glossary of Terms

CONTRIBUTED MODULES DOWNLOADED

  • Views
  • Views Exporter
  • Views UI
  • CCK
  • Content
  • Text
  • Pathauto: automatically generates

path aliases

  • Token: placeholders for dynamic text

CORE MODULES ENABLED

  • Path: create custom urls for

nodes CUSTOM MODULE CREATED

  • drupalconsf2010: site-

specific customizations

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Example: A Glossary of Terms

APPROACH

  • Create Content Type
  • Write Token Code
  • Configure Pathauto
  • Create Content
  • Create View
  • Place Block

CREATE VIEW

  • Filters
  • Fields
  • Sort Criteria
  • Page 1
  • Group By
  • Page 2
  • Arguments
  • Block
  • Arguments

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Create Content Type: glossary_item

Remove default “Body” field.

admin/content/types/add

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Create Content Type: glossary_item

Add CCK “Body” field.

admin/content/node-type/glossary-item/fields

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Write Token: first_letter

hook_token_list

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Write Token: first_letter

hook_token_values

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Configure Pathauto

Use the token we just created.

admin/build/path/pathauto

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Create Content: Glossary Item

Notice the path for Blue

admin/content/node

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Create View: Glossary

1. Filters

  • Node: Published = Yes
  • Node: Type = Is one of Glossary Item

2. Fields

  • Node: Title
  • Content: Body

3. Sort Criteria

  • Node: Title asc

4. Page: Landing

  • Path = glossary
  • Group By = Node: Title (length of 1)

5. Page: By Letter

  • Path = glossary/%
  • Arguments = Glossary Mode

6. Block: Letters

  • Arguments = Summary Sorted

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Create View: Glossary

1. Filters

  • Node: Published = Yes
  • Node: Type = Is one of Glossary Item

2. Fields

  • Node: Title
  • Content: Body

3. Sort Criteria

  • Node: Title asc

4. Page: Landing

  • Path = glossary
  • Group By = Node: Title (length of 1)

5. Page: By Letter

  • Path = glossary/%
  • Arguments = Glossary Mode

6. Block: Letters

  • Arguments = Summary Sorted

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Create View: Glossary

  • 1. Filters - Add

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Create View: Glossary

  • 1. Filters - Add

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Create View: Glossary

  • 1. Filters – Add – Node: Published

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Create View: Glossary

  • 1. Filters – Add – Node: Type

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Create View: Glossary

  • 1. Filters

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Create View: Glossary

1. Filters

  • Node: Published = Yes
  • Node: Type = Is one of Glossary Item

2. Fields

  • Node: Title
  • Content: Body

3. Sort Criteria

  • Node: Title asc

4. Page: Landing

  • Path = glossary
  • Group By = Node: Title (length of 1)

5. Page: By Letter

  • Path = glossary/%
  • Arguments = Glossary Mode

6. Block: Letters

  • Arguments = Summary Sorted

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Create View: Glossary

  • 2. Fields – Add

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Create View: Glossary

  • 2. Fields – Add – Node: Title

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Create View: Glossary

  • 2. Fields – Add – Node: Title

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Create View: Glossary

  • 2. Fields – Add – Content: Body

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Create View: Glossary

  • 2. Fields

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Create View: Glossary

1. Filters

  • Node: Published = Yes
  • Node: Type = Is one of Glossary Item

2. Fields

  • Node: Title
  • Content: Body

3. Sort Criteria

  • Node: Title asc

4. Page: Landing

  • Path = glossary
  • Group By = Node: Title (length of 1)

5. Page: By Letter

  • Path = glossary/%
  • Arguments = Glossary Mode

6. Block: Letters

  • Arguments = Summary Sorted

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Create View: Glossary

  • 3. Sort Criteria – Add

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Create View: Glossary

  • 3. Sort Criteria – Add – Node: Title

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Create View: Glossary

  • 3. Sort Criteria

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Create View: Glossary

1. Filters

  • Node: Published = Yes
  • Node: Type = Is one of Glossary Item

2. Fields

  • Node: Title
  • Content: Body

3. Sort Criteria

  • Node: Title asc

4. Page: Landing

  • Path = glossary
  • Group By = Node: Title (length of 1)

5. Page: By Letter

  • Path = glossary/%
  • Arguments = Glossary Mode

6. Block: Letters

  • Arguments = Summary Sorted

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Create View: Glossary

  • 4. Page Display – Add

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Create View: Glossary

  • 4. Page Display – Change Name “Page: Landing”

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Create View: Glossary

  • 4. Page Display – Add Path “glossary”

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Create View: Glossary

  • 4. Page Display – Override Fields

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Create View: Glossary

  • 4. Page Display – Add Field – Node: Title

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Create View: Glossary

  • 4. Page Display – Override Style Settings – Group By

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Create View: Glossary

  • 4. Page Display – Override Style Settings – Group By

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Create View: Glossary

  • 4. Page Display – Preview

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Create View: Glossary

1. Filters

  • Node: Published = Yes
  • Node: Type = Is one of Glossary Item

2. Fields

  • Node: Title
  • Content: Body

3. Sort Criteria

  • Node: Title asc

4. Page: Landing

  • Path = glossary
  • Group By = Node: Title (length of 1)

5. Page: By Letter

  • Path = glossary/%
  • Arguments = Glossary Mode

6. Block: Letters

  • Arguments = Summary Sorted

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Create View: Glossary

  • 5. Page Display – Add

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Create View: Glossary

  • 5. Page Display – Change Name “Page: By Letter”

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Create View: Glossary

  • 5. Page Display – Add Path “glossary/%”

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Create View: Glossary

  • 5. Page Display – Override Arguments

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Create View: Glossary

  • 5. Page Display – Add Arguments

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Create View: Glossary

  • 5. Page Display – Configure Argument – Node: Title

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Create View: Glossary

  • 5. Page Display – Configure Argument – Node: Title

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Create View: Glossary

  • 5. Page Display – Preview

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Create View: Glossary

1. Filters

  • Node: Published = Yes
  • Node: Type = Is one of Glossary Item

2. Fields

  • Node: Title
  • Content: Body

3. Sort Criteria

  • Node: Title asc

4. Page: Landing

  • Path = glossary
  • Group By = Node: Title (length of 1)

5. Page: By Letter

  • Path = glossary/%
  • Arguments = Glossary Mode

6. Block: Letters

  • Arguments = Summary Sorted

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Create View: Glossary

  • 6. Block Display – Add

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Create View: Glossary

  • 6. Block Display – Change Name “Block: Letters”

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Create View: Glossary

  • 6. Block Display – Override Arguments

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Create View: Glossary

  • 6. Block Display – Add Arguments

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Create View: Glossary

  • 6. Block Display – Configure Arguments – Node: Title

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Create View: Glossary

  • 6. Block Display – Configure Arguments – Node: Title

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Create View: Glossary

  • 6. Block Display – Preview

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Create View: Glossary

1. Filters

  • Node: Published = Yes
  • Node: Type = Is one of Glossary Item

2. Fields

  • Node: Title
  • Content: Body

3. Sort Criteria

  • Node: Title asc

4. Page: Landing

  • Path = glossary
  • Group By = Node: Title (length of 1)

5. Page: By Letter

  • Path = glossary/%
  • Arguments = Glossary Mode

6. Block: Letters

  • Arguments = Summary Sorted

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View: Glossary

mysite.com/glossary

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View: Glossary

mysite.com/glossary/b

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View: Glossary

mysite.com/glossary/b/blue

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Create View: Glossary

Arguments – What did we just do? Page: Landing

  • Added a field of Node: Title
  • Used only the first letter
  • Exclude from display
  • Display settings -> Group by Node: Title
  • Path = glossary

Page: By Letter

  • Added argument of Node: Title
  • Used only the first letter
  • Hide page if no argument
  • Basic Validation (just text)
  • Path = glossary/%

Block

  • Added argument of Node: Title
  • Used only the first letter
  • Summary Sorted if no argument
  • Basic Validation (just text)

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Example 2 Side Content

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Example: Side Content

Our goal is to show specific related content in the sidebar for specific nodes. The content editor should be able to create as much content as they want and assign the page it should appear on.

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View: Side Content

Preview

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Definition: Relationships

A relationship allows you to expand the

  • riginal query to include additional objects.

~Matt Tucker, PingVision

Find a common item between 2 different

  • bjects so you can display related

information. If you want to reduce the results and cannot find what you are looking for in “filters”, there is a good chance that it is a “relationship”.

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Example: Side Content

CONTRIBUTED MODULES DOWNLOADED

  • Views
  • Views Exporter
  • Views UI
  • CCK
  • Content
  • Option Widgets
  • Node Reference: allows nodes to

be related

  • Text
  • Node Relationships: “Create and

Reference” feature

  • Modal Frame API: pops up the

node add

  • jQuery UI (plus library)
  • Back Reference: maintain 1-1

relationships between all shared instances of a nodereference field

CUSTOM MODULE CREATED

  • drupalconsf2010: site-

specific customizations

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Example: Side Content

APPROACH

  • Create Content Type
  • Create Content
  • Create View
  • Filters
  • Fields
  • Arguments
  • Relationships
  • Block
  • Place Block

CREATE VIEW

  • Filters
  • Fields
  • Arguments
  • Relationships
  • Block

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Create Content Type: side_content

Remove default “Body” field.

admin/content/types/add

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Create Content Type: side_content

Add CCK “Body” field.

admin/content/node-type/side-content/fields

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Create Content Type: side_content

Add CCK Node Reference field.

admin/content/node-type/side-content/fields

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Create Content Type: side_content

Add CCK Node Reference field.

admin/content/node-type/side-content/fields

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Edit Content Type: page

Add CCK Back Reference field.

admin/content/node-type/page/fields

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Edit Content Type: page

Add CCK Back Reference field.

admin/content/node-type/side-content/fields

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Edit Content Type: page

Configure Node Relationships

admin/content/node-type/page/relationships/noderef

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Create Content: page

Result of Node Relationships Configuration

node/add/page

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Create Content: page

Result of Node Relationships Configuration

node/add/page

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Create Content

Page & Side Content

admin/content/node

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Create View: Side Content

1. Filters

  • Node: Published = Yes
  • Node: Type = Is one of Side Content

2. Fields

  • Node: Title
  • Content: Body

3. Arguments

  • Node ID of Page = sidecontent_parent

4. Relationships

  • Node ID of Page = sidecontent_parent

5. Block: Show Children

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Create View: Side Content

1. Filters

  • Node: Published = Yes
  • Node: Type = Is one of Side Content

2. Fields

  • Node: Title
  • Content: Body

3. Arguments

  • Node ID of Page = sidecontent_parent

4. Relationships

  • Node ID of Page = sidecontent_parent

5. Block: Show Children

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Create View: Side Content

  • 1. Filters - Add

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Create View: Side Content

1. Filters

  • Node: Published = Yes
  • Node: Type = Is one of Side Content

2. Fields

  • Node: Title
  • Content: Body

3. Arguments

  • Node ID of Page = sidecontent_parent

4. Relationships

  • Node ID of Page = sidecontent_parent

5. Block: Show Children

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Create View: Side Content

  • 2. Fields – Add

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Create View: Side Content

1. Filters

  • Node: Published = Yes
  • Node: Type = Is one of Side Content

2. Fields

  • Node: Title
  • Content: Body

3. Arguments

  • Node ID of Page = sidecontent_parent

4. Relationships

  • Node ID of Page = sidecontent_parent

5. Block: Show Children

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Create View: Side Content

  • 3. Arguments – Add

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Create View: Side Content

  • 3. Arguments – Add

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Create View: Side Content

  • 3. Arguments – Add

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Create View: Side Content

  • 3. Arguments – Add

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Create View: Side Content

Arguments - What did we just do? If we are displaying a block of content (related nodes) on a page, the only information we have available to us is node id of the page we are on. We created an argument that is the node id of the page we are viewing AND equal to the value in the node reference of the side content. Page nid argument = Side Content node reference field nid (field_sidecontent_parent)

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Create View: Side Content

1. Filters

  • Node: Published = Yes
  • Node: Type = Is one of Side Content

2. Fields

  • Node: Title
  • Content: Body

3. Arguments

  • Node ID of Page = sidecontent_parent

4. Relationships

  • Node ID of Page = sidecontent_parent

5. Block: Show Children

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Create View: Side Content

  • 4. Relationships – Add

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Create View: Side Content

  • 4. Relationships – Add

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Create View: Side Content

  • 4. Relationships – Add

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Create View: Side Content

Relationships- What did we just do? On a page, only show content where the page nid = the node reference (parent) nid in the side_content Page nid argument = Side Content node reference field nid (field_sidecontent_parent)

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Create View: Side Content

What is the difference between the argument and relationship we just created? Argument = We want to use information from the url and how we want to use it Relationship = Only show content where the information from the url matches Page nid argument = Side Content node reference field nid (field_sidecontent_parent)

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Create View: Side Content

1. Filters

  • Node: Published = Yes
  • Node: Type = Is one of Side Content

2. Fields

  • Node: Title
  • Content: Body

3. Arguments

  • Node ID of Page = sidecontent_parent

4. Relationships

  • Node ID of Page = sidecontent_parent

5. Block: Show Children

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Create View: Side Content

  • 5. Block Display – Add

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Create View: Side Content

1. Filters

  • Node: Published = Yes
  • Node: Type = Is one of Side Content

2. Fields

  • Node: Title
  • Content: Body

3. Arguments

  • Node ID of Page = sidecontent_parent

4. Relationships

  • Node ID of Page = sidecontent_parent

5. Block: Show Children

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View: Side Content

Preview

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Export Views – Why?

  • Increase site portability
  • The view is in code, as opposed to in

the database, so you can easily move it anywhere, like from a development environment to production

  • Increase error tracking, enable “undo”
  • You can use source control on

anything in code

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Export Views

admin/build/views 3 States of Views NORMAL Only in the database OVERRIDDEN Original in code, current in the database DEFAULT Only in code

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Export Views

Exported View code for mymodule/views/side_content.inc

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Export Views

Exported View code in mymodule/views/side_content.inc

<?php [paste export here] $views[$view->name] = $view;

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Export Views

Exported View code in mymodule/mymodule.module

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Export Views

admin/build/views/tools admin/build/views admin/build/views

http://developedbymiche.com/blog/2009/09/20/drupalcon-paris-2009-staging-drupal

  • -slide 27

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Additional Resources

  • Views 1 Arguments Documentation:

http://drupal.org/node/54455

  • Arguments & Relationships

Example:

http://drupal.org/node/289738

  • Arguments Video:

http://gotdrupal.com/videos/drupal- views-arguments

  • Relationships Tutorial:

http://drupaleasy.com/blogs/ultimike/2 009/07/using-viewsrelationships- arguments-attachments

  • Relationships Video:

http://drewish.com/node/127

  • Relationships Video:

http://gotdrupal.com/videos/drupal-views-relationships

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Credits

Development:

  • Mike Machnik – commonplaces.com

Images: Calvin & Hobbes by Bill Watterson

  • Fast: http://www.greenideasblog.com/molars/archives/2006/07/no_open_flame_b.html
  • Arguments: http://www.weavingnetworks.com/2009/05/walking-their-mile-their-

way.html

  • Relationships: http://dailygumboot.ca/2009/11/build-relationships-build-community-

hugs-and-other-acts-of-kindness/

  • Side Content: http://reedsolomon.blogspot.com/2007/10/calvin-hobbes.html
  • Background Information, Export Views, Resources:

http://forum.mininova.org/lofiversion/index.php?t235033603.html

Other Images:

  • Glossary: http://thehyperblogger.com/blog/blog-marketing-a-definition-or-two/
  • Magnifying Glass: http://margotmystic.wordpress.com/2008/09/20/palmistry-use-a-

magnifying-glass-medical-stigmata-lines/

Content

  • http://www.wikipedia.org

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Questions?

Michelle Lauer Drupal.org: miche Twitter: @bymiche Blog: developedbymiche.com/downloads CP: commonplaces.com/resources Free stickers available!

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