Urban Lake Water Quality Cross research perspectives between Brazil - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Urban Lake Water Quality Cross research perspectives between Brazil - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Feb 01, 2023 209 likes •450 views

WWW-YES Workshop Belo Horizonte Brazil 26-30 October 2009 Urban Lake Water Quality Cross research perspectives between Brazil and France Brigitte Vinon-Leite , Briac Le Vu, Bruno Lemaire, Sarah Jung and Bruno Tassin CEREVE - LEESU

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WWW-YES Workshop Belo Horizonte Brazil 26-30 October 2009

Urban Lake Water Quality Cross research perspectives between Brazil and France

Brigitte Vinçon-Leite, Briac Le Vu, Bruno Lemaire, Sarah Jung and Bruno Tassin CEREVE - LEESU http://www.leesu.fr

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Outline

  • Urban lakes
  • Real-time monitoring system of urban lakes

(phytoplankton dynamics) – Lake Enghien

  • Urban water monitoring with sediment core analysis

– Lake Bourget France – Lake Pampulha Brazil

  • Perspectives and Conclusion
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Urban activities

Sewers Waste water Storm water

Urban lakes

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The Europe context

  • The EU Water Framework Directive

– WFD 2000 – 2015 good ecological status of water bodies – Increase in the need for monitoring receiving water bodies

  • Urban lakes

– Very high social value (recreation, …)

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WFD Monitoring

  • Classification of status
  • f water bodies
  • To support risk

assessment procedures

  • Design of future monitoring programmes
  • Assessment
  • f long-term

changes

  • Assessment
  • f compliance

with standards and

  • bjectives
  • Assessing

the efficacy

  • f measures

applied to water bodies

  • Assessing

the impact of accidental pollution

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Monitoring programme

  • Some events have very short characteristic time

scales

– Storm events – Algal blooms

  • Stakeholders need

– Data at a relevant time scale – Warning systems for management purposes

  • Bathing authorisation, Hydraulic control, …

– Forecast systems

  • Modification of the treatment in a drinking water treatment

plant

  • Maintenance of water bodies (aesthetic value, …)
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The Proliphyc project

  • HARDWARE

– Real time monitoring – Automatic data transmission (GPRS) – Technical and economic constraints

  • Low cost
  • Easy implementation (size,

weight, small boat)

  • Easy to use (operation and

maintenance)

– Major technical bottlenecks :

  • energy management,
  • biofouling

control in freshwater

  • SOFTWARE

– Indicator development – Alert system – Forecast system (2 to 3 weeks)

“Prediction is very difficult, specially about the future” (N. Bohr)

http://proliphyc.h2o.net http://proliphyc.h2o.net

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Hardware

  • Mooring system

– One or several depths – Profiling system combining

  • Profile acquisition
  • Antibiofouling

treatment

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  • Mooring system

– One or several depths

  • Sensors

– Scalable configuration – Meteorological sensors – Physical chemical sensors

  • Temperature
  • Conductivity
  • Pressure
  • Oxygen optodes

– Algal biomass sensors

  • Total chlorophyll or several classes
  • Fluorimeter

(one or several wavelengths)

HARDWARE

Phytoplankton

Fluoroprobe BBE

Wind speed, Direction, air temperature, Humidity, solar radiations

Optode Conductivity Temperature Pressure

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Overview

  • f the system

GPRS

Temperature Phytoplankton Data validation GPRS data transmission Short and medium time scale forecasting Early warning system indicators warning Deterministic models Empirical models Weather forecast

  • r scenarii

Hardware Data treatment, indicators and modelling

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Study sites

Bourget Max depth 145m 42.5 km2

  • P. rubescens

Grangent Max depth 45m 3.5 km2 Microcystis Enghien Max depth 3m 0.5 km2

  • P. agardhii
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Lake Enghien

Planktothrix agardhiii

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Lake Enghien

650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 2008‐04‐30 2008‐05‐10 2008‐05‐20 2008‐05‐30 2008‐06‐09 2008‐06‐19 2008‐06‐29

Conductivity µS.cm-1

Conductivity, Spring 2008

18 20 22

00:00 04:00 08:00 12:00 16:00 20:00 00:00 04:00 08:00 12:00 16:00 20:00 00:00

0,55 0,57 0,59 0,61 0,63 0,65 0,67 0,69 10 mm / 2 hours

Rain event 2008-05-27 Temperature °C Conductivity mS.cm-1

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Chlorophyll

01/04 01/05 01/06 01/07 50 100 150 200 250 Chl (µg/l) diatoms P.agardhii

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Lake sediment core analysis

  • excellent tool to monitor the historical

trend of contamination

– Improving management strategies – assessing the achievement of pollution control measures

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Lake sediment core analysis

  • Methodology

Lake Bourget

  • Lake Pampulha

– PhD thesis Sarah Jung (2009)

  • Lake Cameroon

– PhD thesis Marielle Naah (in progress)

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Sampling: cores description

Core Depth Core’s lenght LDB06-L1 44 m 25 cm LDB06-L2 50 m 40 cm LDB06-L3 21 m 50 cm LDB06-L4 35 m 76 cm LDB06-L5 50 m 50 cm LDB06-L6 105 m 80 cm LDB06-G1 44 m 33 cm

(Jung, 2008)

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Cores’ analyses: general methodology

½ core: SEDIMENT CARACTERIZATION

Sampling

Gravity corer ½ core: CHEMICAL ANALYSES

Sub - sampling (cm)

Grain size analysis Color analysis (colorimeter) Datation

210Pb 137Cs

POC Organic contaminants PAH - PCB Deep - Freeze Lyophilisation Metals Mineralisation AAS Extraction Purification on silica column GC/MS

(Jung, 2008)

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Pampulha, Belo Horizonte

BEL1 BEL2 BEL3 BEL4

30/05/07 : 4 sediment cores

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0,00 0,04 0,08 0,12 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

Pampulha

∑7PCB (mg.kg-1) ∑PAH (mg.kg-1)

1 2 3 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

BEL3 depth (mm) Dry season Mix Rainy season

No clear trend during the last 20 years

(Jung, 2008)

2004 2007 1996 1987 2004 2007 1996 1987

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Conclusion and Perpespectives Integrated management of water quality: receiving water bodies in urban watersheds

  • Methodology for assessing water and pollutant fluxes in

urban watersheds

  • Methods

for assessing water quality in receiving water bodies

– ….. – Real-time monitoring of water quality in urban lakes – Urban water monitoring with sediment core analysis – …..

  • Methodology for assessing the action results at the city

scale

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Thank you for your attention !