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Update on Phase II of the AHRI Low‐ Update on Phase II of the AHRI Low GWP Alternative Refrigerants Evaluation Program (Low GWP AREP) Evaluation Program (Low‐GWP AREP)

Karim Amrane and Xudong Wang g g Air‐Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI)

Technical Forum on Research Projects for Alternative Refrigerants in High Ambient Countries 31 October 2015, Dubai, UAE , ,

Low‐GWP AREP Introduction

Cooperative research & testing program to identify suitable alternatives to high GWP refrigerants Evaluation of candidates strongly desired by OEMs The program is NOT to prioritize refrigerants, rather test and present objective results in a consistent manner Final reports available to the public Phase I was completed at the end of 2013.

– 38 refrigerants were evaluated in Phase I testing. g g – AHRI published 40 test reports.

Phase II testing started in 2014, and is ongoing

– new refrigerants – new refrigerants – high ambient testing

AHRI Low‐GWP AREP‐Phase II

29 f i t did t d 19 t t d (i d l ) 29 new refrigerant candidates proposed, 19 tested (in red color)

Baseline Refrigerants Alternative Refrigerant Candidates Classifications according to ASHRAE Standard 34 A1 A2L A2 R-134a BRB36 R-134a BRB36 R-404A ARM-32b, ARM-35, D42Yb, D42Yz, DR-34 (R-452A), ARM-20a, ARM-20b, HDR110 ARM-25a ( ) N-40c (R-448A) , R-442A R-449B HDR110 ARM-71a, DR-5A (R454B), DR 55 R-410A DR-55 HPR2A L-41-1 (R-446A) L-41-2 (R-447A) ARM-32c, D542HT R-22/R-407C D542HT, DR-91, DR-93, N-20b, R-442A, R-449B DR-3, L-20a (R-444B) R-123 ARC-1, R1233zd(E) LPR1A

Low‐GWP AREP Phase II HAT Matrix

Product Test i Nominal C i Max. Ambient Baseline ARM‐ 20b ARM‐ 71 DR‐55 DR‐5A HPR2A L‐41‐1 L‐41‐2 N‐40c R‐32 Category companies Capacity conditions 20b 71a Carrier 10‐ton 125F 410A X X X X Goodman 2.5‐ton 125F R‐22 X Goodman 2.5‐ton 125F 410A X Rooftop Lennox 5‐ton 125F 410A X X X X X X Trane 4‐ton 125F 410A X X X Zamilac 6‐ton 125F 410A X Carrier 3‐ton 125F 410A X X X X X p Unit Danfoss 3‐ton 125F 410A X X X Goodman 3‐ton 125F 410A X Chiller Armines 10kW 115F 410A X X X X Ice Machine Manitowoc 910 lb/24hr 120F 404A X X Split System

Low‐GWP Refrigerants in HAT

ASHRAE Designation Composition GWP (AR4) Classification ARM 20b NA t t di l d 150 A2L ARM‐20b NA not yet disclosed <150 A2L ARM‐71a NA not yet disclosed <500 A2L DR‐55 NA R‐32/R‐125/R‐1234yf (67/7/26) 698 A2L DR‐5A R‐454B R‐32/R‐1234yf (68.9/31.1) 466 A2L HPR2A NA not yet disclosed 600 A2L L‐41‐1 R‐446A R32/R1234ze(E)/R600 (68/29/3) 461 A2L R 446A R32/R1234ze(E)/R600 (68/29/3) 461 A2L L‐41‐2 R‐447A R32/R1234ze(E)/R125 (68/28.5/3.5) 572 A2L N‐40c R‐448A R32/R125/R134a/R1234yf/R1234ze(E) (26/26/21/20/7) 1273 A1 ( / / / / ) R‐32 R‐32 R‐32 (100) 675 A2L

Rooftop Unit Drop‐in Tests

5‐ton rooftop packaged air‐conditioner

– Lennox LGH060H4ESP Lennox LGH060H4ESP – AHRI Classification: SP‐A – Cooling Capacity (BTUH): 60,000 – EER Rating: 12.7 – Scroll compressor with POE oil – Nominal Air flow rate 1750 cfm Nominal Air flow rate 1750 cfm

Test Conditions

– Standard A (95F), B (82F) and high ambient (115F and 125F)

Rooftop Unit Drop‐in Test

(Source: AREP Report No. 47 and 53, Lennox Industries) (Source: AR P Report No. 47 and 53, ennox Industries)

Rooftop Unit Drop‐in Test

(Source: AREP Report No. 47 and 53, Lennox Industries) (Source: AR P Report No. 47 and 53, ennox Industries)

Rooftop Unit Drop‐in Test

(Source: AREP Report No. 47 and 53, Lennox Industries)

Rooftop Unit Drop‐in Test

The tested alternate refrigerants had higher discharge temperatures compared to R‐410A.

(Source: AREP Report No. 47 and 53, Lennox Industries)

Rooftop Unit Soft‐Optimization Test

Unit‐1: 6‐ton rooftop packaged air conditioner (AREP Report

• No. 55, Zamil AC)

, )

– R‐410A system with a scroll compressor (ZP61K5E) – Original production POE oil and production 6.5‐ton TXV

Soft‐optimized system for R‐32 test:

– The original compressor was changed to a prototype compressor (ZP61KCE) with POE oil, having a slightly larger p ( ) , g g y g displacement volume (7.18 ft^3/min Vs 7.06 ft^3/min) – the 6.5‐ton TXV was changed to a 4.5‐ton TXV.

T t d AHRI St d d 340/360 Tested per AHRI Standard 340/360

Rooftop Unit Soft‐Optimization Test

(Source: AREP Report No. 55, Zamil Central Air Conditioners)

Rooftop Unit Soft‐Optimization Test

Unit‐2: 4‐ton rooftop heat pump (AREP Report No. 56, Ingersoll Rand)

– R‐410A system with a fixed‐speed scroll compressor (SXA044B2BPA) with POE oil. – Original installed non‐adjustable TXVs for cooling and heating. g j g g

Soft‐optimized system for alternative refrigerants tests:

– A variable frequency drive (VFD) was installed to allow the

• riginal compressor speed to be varied so that all refrigerants
• riginal compressor speed to be varied so that all refrigerants

could be tested at the same capacity. – the original TXVs were changed to adjustable TXVs of the same size for cooling and heating size for cooling and heating.

Tested per AHRI Standard 210/240

Rooftop Unit Soft‐Optimization Test

System charge and compressor speed were first determined to match R‐410A capacity at A condition (95F) with EER optimized.

Charge (lb) AFD (Hz) Capacity at 95F (btu/hr) EER (btu/w‐hr) R‐410A 9 60 50,241 11.32 DR‐55 8.2 60 50,213 11.81 R‐32 7.25 55 50,637 11.98

Then tests were run with each refrigerant, using the selected f i t h TXV tti d AFD d f ll th

R 32 7.25 55 50,637 11.98 DR‐5A 8.2 61 50,627 11.84

refrigerant charge, TXV setting, and AFD speed for all other conditions.

Rooftop Unit Soft‐Optimization Test

Note: R‐32 was not tested at 125F due to high discharge temperature. (Source: AREP Report No. 56, Ingersoll Rand)

Split Systems Drop‐in Tests

Two R‐410A ducted split heat pumps were tested:

– Unit‐1: 3‐ton, 14 SEER Unit 1: 3 ton, 14 SEER – Unit‐2: 2.5‐ton, 13 SEER

Test Conditions

– Standard A (95F), B (82F) and high ambient (125F) – Standard heating conditions (not included in this presentation)

Split Systems Drop‐in Tests

Note: R‐32 at 125F in Unit 2 was not tested due to high discharge temp.

( d f / ) (Source: AREP Reports No. 52, Carrier, and 54, Danfoss A/S)

Split System Soft‐Optimization Test

Baseline:

– R‐410A system with a new scroll compressor (ZP31K6) R 410A system with a new scroll compressor (ZP31K6) – Original production POE oil and production 4‐ton TXV

Soft‐optimized system for R‐32 test:

– Step 1: the 4‐ton TXV was changed to a 3‐ton TXV, no other components were changed. – Step 2: another ZP31K6 compressor charged with Emerson Step 2: another ZP31K6 compressor charged with Emerson prototype R32 POE oil was used. The 3‐ton TXV was used.

Split System Air Conditioner Soft‐Optimization Test

R32 with production POE oil test could not be performed due to high discharge temperature.

(Source: AREP Report No. 42, Goodman Manufacturing)

Split System Air Conditioner Soft‐Optimization Test

(Source: AREP Report No. 42, Goodman Manufacturing)

Chiller Drop‐in Test

A water chiller was tested with and without liquid receiver

R32 test was not performed due to high discharge R32 test was not performed due to high discharge temperature (>126C).

(Source: AREP Report No. 46, CES Armines)

temperature (>126C).

(Source: AR P Report No. 46, C S Armines)

Chiller drop‐in test

R32 test under 45C ambient was able to perform with liquid receiver configuration.

(S AREP R t N 46 CES A i ) (Source: AREP Report No. 46, CES Armines)

Summary

Equipment covered:

– Rooftop units (6) – Split ducted system (3) – Water chiller (1) – Refrigeration products (1)

Test reports published:

9 reports ere appro ed and p blished as of mid October (11 HAT reports – 9 reports were approved and published as of mid‐October (11 HAT reports are expected in Phase II). – 30 reports in total for Phase II

AHRI will hold a public event, the Low‐GWP AREP II Conference, on p January 21, 2016 in Orlando, FL.

– 18 Test companies will present their test results to the public in the meeting.

Reports are available to the public on AHRI website Reports are available to the public on AHRI website http://www.ahrinet.org/site/514/Resources/Research/AHRI‐Low‐GWP‐ Alternative‐Refrigerants‐Evaluation

AHRI Flammable Refrigerants Subcommittee (FRS)

The mission is to

– determine gaps in existing flammable refrigerant research – develop a roadmap with priorities and a timeline to complete the critical research toward the safe use of flammable refrigerants with a focus on 2L refrigerants refrigerants with a focus on 2L refrigerants

The FRS had surveyed relevant codes and standards committees and organizations on:

– the main knowledge gaps for the use of 2L flammable refrigerants – any standing issues and gaps that require additional research any standing issues and gaps that require additional research – current and past research activities on flammable refrigerants

AHRI Flammable Refrigerants Subcommittee (FRS)

Identified top priority research needs by surveying relevant codes and standards committees and organizations:

– Benchmarking risk by real life leaks and ignitions testing

Other high priority topics to be addressed:

I ti t th b i f tti h li it f A2L A2 – Investigate the proper basis for setting charge limits of A2L, A2, and A3 for various types of products. – Need to understand the risk/consequence after the refrigerant being ignited – Investigate ignition temperatures for various 2L refrigerants at various ambient conditions various ambient conditions

Effort requires multi‐million dollars to sponsor research activities and produce publicly available results.

AHRI Flammable Refrigerants Subcommittee (FRS)

The next steps are to:

– define the specific research projects to fill in the identified critical knowledge gaps – collaborate within the industry and with relevant agencies to fund and launch these research projects. fund and launch these research projects.

The US industry has committed $1 Million research fund to support the effort, and is seeking global collaboration via co‐ h sponsorship.

Thank you for your attention!