Unshackle the Cloud! Dan Williams , Eslam Elnikety , Mohamed - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Unshackle the Cloud!

Dan Williams†, Eslam Elnikety‡, Mohamed Eldehiry‡, Hani Jamjoom*, Hai Huang*, and Hakim Weatherspoon†

†Cornell University, Ithaca, NY *IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY ‡King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia

IaaS Clouds Offer Diverse Features

• Popular IaaS clouds are becoming feature-rich
• Integrated monitoring
• VM migration
• CPU bursting
• Hypervisor-level innovations are emerging
• Availability (e.g. Remus [Cully et al., NSDI 2008])
• Security (e.g. Revirt [Dunlap et al., OSDI 2002])
• Efficiency (e.g. Overdriver [Williams et al., VEE 2011])

3

Users Don't Control Features

• Large cloud users with 100's or 1000's of VMs

need control

• Must rely on provider to expose hypervisor-

level features

• Tools and features lead to lock-in
• Users can't implement hypervisor-level

features themselves

4

Unshackle the Cloud with Extensible Clouds: xClouds

• Bring extensibility into IaaS clouds
• Allow users to run or implement their own

hypervisor-level services

• Avoid lock-in with user-centric homogenization

5

How to Build xClouds

VM VM Hardware User 1 User 2 User 3

• Users are isolated
• VMM composed of

modules

6

How to Build xClouds

VM VM P U P P P U P P P U U U P Hardware User 1 User 2 User 3

• Users are isolated
• VMM composed of

modules

• User / Provider

P U /

( )

7

VM VM P U P P P U P P P U U U P Hardware User 1 User 2 User 3

• Users are isolated
• VMM composed of

modules

• User / Provider
• Mutable / Immutable

/ ( )

P U /

( )

How to Build xClouds

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How to Build xClouds

VM VM P U P P P U P P P U U U P Hardware User 1 User 2 User 3

• Users are isolated
• VMM composed of

modules

• User / Provider
• Mutable / Immutable
• Some modules

access hardware

/ ( )

P U /

( )

9

Design Alternatives

VM VM P U P P P U P P P U U U P Hardware User 2 User 3

Download VMM Extensions e.g SPIN, VINO Providers must adopt new VMM

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Design Alternatives

VM VM P U P P P U P P P U U U P Hardware User 2 User 3 VM VM P P P P U U U P Hardware User 2 User 3

LibVMM

Download VMM Extensions Expose Hardware Through VMM e.g SPIN, VINO e.g. Exokernel Providers must adopt new VMM Providers must adopt new VMM

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Design Alternatives

VM VM P U P P P U P P P U U U P Hardware User 2 User 3 VM VM P P P P U U U P Hardware User 2 User 3

LibVMM

VM VM U U P P U P P U P U U P P Hardware User 2 User 3

Download VMM Extensions Expose Hardware Through VMM Add Another VMM e.g SPIN, VINO e.g. Exokernel e.g. Turtles Project Providers must adopt new VMM Providers must adopt new VMM Turtles needs VMM support, but...

12

Nested Virtualization can be Deployed Today!

VM VM User-Controlled VMM (e.g. Xen) Provider-Controlled VMM (e.g. Amazon EC2) Hardware User 1 User 2 User 3

• Use PV or BT for

user-controlled VMM

• No provider

cooperation necessary

13

Evaluation: Will xClouds Perform?

• Compared single and nested setups with Xen

(PV) as the second-layer hypervisor

• Microbenchmarks
• Nested perf. comparable to single-layer PV

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Evaluation: Will xClouds Perform?

• Compared single and nested setups with Xen

(PV) as the second-layer hypervisor

• Microbenchmarks
• Nested perf. comparable to single-layer PV
• Device I/O benchmarks
• Xen is not designed to

run on PV hardware

• Nested PV is essential

for device I/O

B a s e l i n e X e n ( P V ) K V M x C l

• u

d

• n

K V M X e n ( H V M ) x C l

• u

d

• n

X e n ( H V M ) 500 1000 Network Receive Throughput Throughput (Mbps)

15

xClouds Work Today!

• Nested paravirtual device drivers
• Xen on EC2 HVM instance
• Ongoing work

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http://xcloud.cs.cornell.edu djwill@cs.cornell.edu

“Nature is a mutable cloud which is always and never the same”

– Ralph Waldo Emerson