UMR ECOSYS Unit Mixte de Recherche INRA/AgroParisTech Grignon - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

UMR ECOSYS Unité Mixte de Recherche INRA/AgroParisTech Grignon (France) Project AGRISOM: Investigating the fate of organic compound classes in soil matrix: mineralization vs. preservation patterns in agricultural lands.

• M. Panettieri, A. Chabbi, M.-F. Dignac, C. Rumpel

Cosenza

MSc in Pharmaceutical chemistry and technology at University of Calabria (UNICAL)

Grignon (Paris) Sevilla

PhD in Natural resources and environment at the Institute

• f natural resources and agrobiology (IRNAS-CSIC)

Project AGRISOM

Mouldboard Chisel Direct Drilling

Tools:

• Carbon pools
• Enzymatic activities
• Crops productivity
• NMR

Loss of soil quality led to erosion in a hilly farm under mouldboard

Panettieri et al. (2013), Moldboard plowing effects on soil aggregation and soil organic matter quality assessed by 13C CPMAS NMR and biochemical analyses. Agriculture, Ecosystem and Environment

Summary of PhD research

Effect of tillage on soil quality

A sustainable land management improves crop yields, soil quality, and carbon storage. Soil can act both as a carbon sink or a GHG source, depending on edaphological and climatic conditions, which influence the cycles of Soil Organic Matter (SOM). The mechanisms that underlie the accrual of organic C from plant litter to SOM remain widely unknown (Ludwig et al., 2015)

Changes in land use affect carbon dynamics within the soil matrix. An evaluation of those effects under ley grassland is needed.

Project AGRISOM

Cropland Grassland

Ley (temporary) grasslands have higher potential for SOM sequestration than permanent cropland (Lemaire et al., 2015)

SOM SOM

Project AGRISOM

SOM storage follow different patterns in the soil matrix due to:

Chemical composition

• f the litter

Phisical protection (aggregation) Chemical protection (organo-mineral interacions) Biodiversity Biochemical constraints Seasonal and spatial variability

Objective: Evaluate the effects of land use

• n the storage of SOM at a molecular level

?

Strategy and tools

 SOERE-ACBB observatory in Lusignan on permanent and temporary grassland.  Maize is a C4 plant rich in 13C, stable isotopes analyses trace the rate of incorporation of new SOM  Use high resolution techniques of spectrometry (MS and NMR)  Decompose the mosaic of soil matrix (soil aggregates and particulate Corg)  Focus on compound specific analyses (biomarkers: lignins, sugars, cutins, suberins)  Upscaling from fractions to complete soil, from compound specific to total SOM

Maize 3y Grassland 6y

2005-2025 long term experiment C4 plants

Results

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 % of Maize derived compounds

Lignin turnover rates in bulk soil

9 Years Maize Ley Grassland, 3 Years Maize

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

Corg g kg-1 soil

Soil Organic Carbon

Cropland Ley grassland Grassland Bare Soil

The aggregate fractionation unveiled different SOM dynamics

b b a a c bc ab a

Lignin turnover is compound specific

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 % of Maize derived compounds

Monomers turnover rates in bulk soil

9 Years Maize Ley Grassland, 3 Years Maize

• INRA, AgroParisTech, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1402 ECOSYS, Thiverval-Grignon, France
• SOERE ACBB - Systeme d‘Observation et d‘Experimentation sur Le Long Terme pour la Recherche en

Environnement - Agro-ecosysteme, Cycle Bio-geochimique et Biodiversite

To all the researchers and technicians involved in this project

For your attention!