Two-Dimensional (2-D) Design A working definition: Orchestration - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Two-Dimensional (2-D) Design A working definition: Orchestration - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Aug 23, 2023 124 likes •618 views

Two-Dimensional (2-D) Design A working definition: Orchestration of the ELEMENTS of art Line Cy Twombly - Untitled Shape Arthur Dove - Formation I Space Giovanni Battista Piranesi - Carceri, Plate XI Color Stuart Davis - New York Elevated

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Two-Dimensional (2-D) Design

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A working definition: Orchestration of the ELEMENTS of art …

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Line

Cy Twombly - Untitled

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Shape

Arthur Dove - Formation I

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Space

Giovanni Battista Piranesi - Carceri, Plate XI

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Color

Stuart Davis - New York Elevated

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Value

Imogen Cunningham - The Unmade Bed

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Texture

Edward Hopper - Night Shadows

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Pattern

Miriam Schapiro - The Poet #2

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According to the

PRINCIPLES of design:

Unity/Variety Emphasis Balance Rhythm Repetition Proportion / Scale Figure / Ground

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Unity &Variety generally exist in relationship to one another in 2-D compositions

Unity: elements are visually similar to one another Variety: elements visually contrast with one another

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Unity

similarity of textures promote unity

Anselm Kiefer - Jerusalem

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Unity

repeated color harmonies promote unity

George Tooker - Fiesta

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Unity

repeated shapes promote unity

Maxfield Parrish - Lantern Bearers

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Variety

Contrasting color, pattern and texture create visual interest

Henri Matisse - La Musique

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Variety

contrast creates focal points which draw attention to various areas of the piece

Romare Bearden - Spring Way

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for example

Focal point created by isolating a shape

Romare Bearden - Spring Way

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focal point created by color contrast

Richard Hart - editorial design

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Focal point created by “lines of force” - other elements directing the eye toward focal point

George Bellows - Sharkeys

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Sally Mann - Shiva at Whistle Creek

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Tabor Photo-graphic - I want to understand

Balance

Equal distribution of visual “weight” within a composition - symmetrical / asymmetrical

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Symmetrical Balance

virtually identical elements in each half

  • f the composition

Diane Arbus - Identical twins

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Asymmetrical Balance

Equal distribution of “visual weight” within quadrants of composition, but not identical elements

Andreas Feininger - Railroad Ferry Hudson River, New York

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for example

  • a. many small or complex elements can balance a large simple one

Pierre Bonnard - Model in Backlight

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  • b. small dark elements balance large light ones

Pierre Bonnard - Model in Backlight

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Rhythm

visual elements repeat in such a way as to evoke a “beat”

Man Ray - Rayograph 1926 “regular” rhythm

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“irregular” / contrapuntal rhythm

Marcel Duchamp - Monte Carlo

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John Heartsfield - Millions stand behind me

Proportion / Scale

Proportion - size relationships within the composition

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Proportion / Scale

Frida Kahlo - What the water gave me

Scale - relative size

  • f elements compared to an

external standard

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Figure / Ground Relationships

Both figure (“positive shapes”) and ground (“negative shapes”) appear to be purposefully constructed. Aubrey Beardsley - The Toilette of Salome

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Figure / Ground Relationships

Ambiguous figure / ground relationships often used in logo design Munday Morning Creative Group - Centex Corp. Hearts And Hammers program logo

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2-D Design “Lens”

Evaluation of the composition of the work -

Is understanding of the principles of design evident in this work? Were the elements created and used in purposeful, imaginative ways? Are the principles used intelligently and sensitively to contribute to its meaning? How and what does the interaction of the elements and principles

  • f design contribute to the quality of the work?
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Painting Photography Printmaking Etc. Drawing Digital Graphic Design Typography

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Good Drawing / Poor Design

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Rembrandt - The Young Haaringh Most of the visual weight (small complex shapes) on this side of the composition - few counter-balancing elements on the other side.

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Annibale Carracci - The Penitent Magdalene in the Wilderness Most visual weight on this side of the composition. Eye direction of Magdalene directs viewer off the page

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Claude Garache - Seated Woman with a Fan Dynamic Figure / ground relationships on this side Most visual weight on this side Figure / ground relationship weaker on this side. Fewer elements to balance more complex right side

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“Poor” Drawing / Good Design

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Milton Avery - Birches

  • overlapping forms create

illusion of space

  • repetition of shape unifies &

sets up visual rhythm

  • complementary color harmony
  • visual weight well distributed

top / bottom, side to side

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Kiki Smith - Come Away With Her

  • complexity of birds &

dogs balanced by brighter colors on left side

  • repetition of triangles &

semi-circles promotes unity

  • similarity of color values

promotes unity

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Phillip Guston - Green Rug

  • repetition of L shapes promotes

unity.

  • repetition of rectangles, dots &

lines sets up visual rhythm

  • dark top half effectively balanced

by complexity of bottom half

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Good Drawing/ Good Design

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Audrey Flack - Jolie Madame

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Jack Levine - Reconstruction

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Hiroshige - Bridge at Awate

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Franz Kline - New York

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Bo Bartlett - Leviathan