Transitioning advanced ceramic electrolytes into manufacturable - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transitioning advanced ceramic electrolytes into manufacturable solid-state EV batteries

• J. Sakamoto (PI), University of Michigan

Co-PI(s), Prof. N. Dasgupta (UM), Prof. D. J. Siegel (UM) Prof. K. Thornton (UM), and Dr. N. J. Dudney (ORNL)

Develop manufacturing solutions to enable large-scale production of Li metal-ceramic membrane batteries.

Total project cost: $3.5M Length 34 mo.

Project Vision

• Developed ceramic membrane tech to physically stabilize Li metal anodes
• Supplanting graphite with Li metal doubles energy density
• Replacing combustible liquid with solid electrolyte improves safety
• Developed a manufacturing vision that leverages the Li-ion industry
• Demonstrated thin Li anode integration

20 µm cycled

Li-ion Conducting Ceramic

2X energy density vs Li-ion (1,200 Wh/L) & non-flammable

The Team

2

PI: Prof. Jeff Sakamoto: Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Co-PI: Prof. Neil Dasgupta: Mechanical Engineering

Precision ALD Interfaces

amorphous crystalline

Co-PI: Prof. Don Siegel: Mechanical Engineering

Interface Computation

Co-PI: Prof. Katsuyo Thornton: Materials Science

Interface Mechanics Finite Element Analysis

Co-PI: Dr. Nancy Dudney: Materials Science & Tech

Interface Engineering: Physical Vapor Deposition

20 µm cycled

Li-ion Conducting Ceramic

Project Objectives: Develop a Scalable Manufacturing Approach

3 July 26, 2019

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 5 10 15 20

• Im(Z) (Ohm*cm2)

Re(Z)*Area (Ohm*cm2)

Post Plating EIS

RLLZO RCT RUC

Developed ceramic formulations that are stable against Li.1-7 Processing of high density ceramic battery

• components. Engineer

to minimize peripheral mass/volume.1,3,4 Engineered surfaces enable < 15 W.cm2 ASR produced with a scale- able process.6 Cell architecture addresses brittle nature

• f ceramic

membranes.8

• > 1000 Wh/L
• 90 mAh
• 5 cm bend
• 400 cycles
• > 3mAh/cm2
• 1 C rate

LLZO Cathode M 50 µm

Materials Thin film processing Cell Architecture Interfaces

Goal

Maintaining Mechanical Integrity Challenging When Li & Ceramic ≈ 10 – 20 µm

4 July 26, 2019

Li metal9 10 µm Rigid Assembly Cathode Cathode Li Li Distortion  Fracture Reinforce Ceramic with Robust Cathode 10 µm Load Bearing Cathode

• Strong & stiff as Al alloy
• E-chem performance

maintained.10

Li-ion Conducting Ceramic

~1mm Electrolyte Pellet

Thin Film Ceramic Tile Array & Li Anode Integration

5 July 26, 2019

Cerami c

Li 50 µm 5 cm bend radius.8 Maintain < 15 W.cm2 ASR after rolling.

Challenges and Potential Technical Partnerships

• Relevant Ceramic Processing Expertise in US is not Common

– Fortunate to have Identified A Potential Ceramic Partner

• Currently Pursuing Li-ion Battery Manufacturers Interested in SSB Pilot-

Line Manufacturing

• Interest in Engaging End Users Requiring High Energy Density & High

Stability Batteries

T2M

7 July 26, 2019

Li-ion manufacturer

• Material suppliers
• Ceramic processing

Ceramic membrane & composite cathode Integrate new processes into pilot line

Mobility

Micro electronics Next steps:

• Launch UM spin-off (Zakuro LLC) with Arpa-E Plus-Up
• Translate to full-scale manufacturing with partner

Exit Strategy

• Acquisition by partner
• Maintain research arm to advance SSB technology

Start-up option to license in place 18 Patents 2 issued

Referenced Patents (of 18) and *Peer-Reviewed Manuscripts (of 44)

8 July 26, 2019

1. US 9093717 B2 (Issued): Methods of making and using oxide ceramic solids and products and devices related thereto. 2. US 20160293988 A1 (Issued): Template-based methods of making and using ceramic solids and products and devices related thereto. 3. US Application: 62/268,545, filed 12/17/2015 OTT 6746, Slurry Formulation for the Formation of Layers for Solid State Batteries. 4. US Application: 62/360,770, filed 7/11/2016 OTT 7102: Ceramic Based Ionically Conducting Material. 5. *Thompson, T., Yu, S., Williams, L., Schmidt, R.D., Garcia-Mendez, R., Wolfenstine, J., Allen, J.L., Kioupakis, E., Siegel, D.J. and Sakamoto, J., 2017. Electrochemical window of the Li-ion solid electrolyte Li7La3Zr2O12. ACS Energy Letters, 2(2), pp.462-468. 6. *Sharafi, A., Kazyak, E., Davis, A.L., Yu, S., Thompson, T., Siegel, D.J., Dasgupta, N.P. and Sakamoto, J., 2017. Surface chemistry mechanism of ultra- low interfacial resistance in the solid-state electrolyte Li7La3Zr2O12. Chemistry of Materials, 29(18), pp.7961-7968. 7. *Ma, C., Cheng, Y., Yin, K., Luo, J., Sharafi, A., Sakamoto, J., Li, J., More, K.L., Dudney, N.J. and Chi, M., 2016. Interfacial stability of Li metal–solid electrolyte elucidated via in situ electron microscopy. Nano letters, 16(11), pp.7030-7036. 8. US Application: 62/289,559, filed 2/1/2017 OTT 6744, Segmented Cell Architecture for Solid State Batteries. 9. *Masias, A., Felten, N., Garcia-Mendez, R., Wolfenstine, J. and Sakamoto, J., 2019. Elastic, plastic, and creep mechanical properties of lithium metal. Journal of Materials Science, 54(3), pp.2585-2600. 10. US Provisional Patent Application filed May 24, 2019.