Tow ards 2018: South Africas 10-Year National Innovation Plan - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Tow ards 2018: South Africa’s 10-Year National Innovation Plan Presented by: Dr Yonah Seleti , Deputy Director General, Department of Science & Technology Tuesday, 15 July 2009 Innovation in Brazil, India and South Africa: A New Drive for Economic Growth and Development

Contents: 1. Economic Transformation towards a Knowledge Economy 2. SA’s “Grand Challenges” 3. Innovation as a National Imperative i. Innovation Instruments ii. Human Capital Development iii. S&T Across Government 4. Conclusion

Policy & Institutional landscape 1. White Paper on S&T (1996) 2. R&D Strategy (2002) - outlines new public technology missions: i. Biotechnology; ii. ICT; iii. Advanced Manufacturing; and iv. Resource Based Industries 3. Creation of the DST 2004

Policy & Institutional landscape 1. OECD Review of SA’s NSI (2007) 2. DST 10 Year Plan Process 3. Linked to the NIPF and other government related initiatives

Economic Transformation Stage of Techno Stage of technology Development: development Information 1 = Early phase 1 = Early phase 2 = Growth phase 2 = Growth Phase Information Age Age 3 = Efficiency phase 3 = Efficiency Phase 3 3 Economic Activity Eco no Age of mic Age of 2 acti Steam steam vity 2 1 Bio-Economy Bio- 1 Economy 1 1829 1850s 1971 2007 1829 1850’s 1971 2007 Time (Years) Time (Years)

Tow ards a Know ledge Economy KNOWLEDGE-BASED ECONOMY RESOURCE-BASED ECONOMY

The Know ledge Economy The Four Pillars of the Knowledge Economy

Economic & Scientific Wealth Source: DA King, Nature 430 (2004) 311 (15 July 2004)

Tow ards a Know ledge Economy Economic growth is driven by Innovation Knowledge is the basic form of capital for Innovation Knowledge generation, accumulation and exploitation Key driver for Innovation is “high-end” human capital: PhD PhD as the key foundation for achieving the objectives of the National System of Innovation (NSI)

Principles of the 10 Year Innovation Plan Principles informing 10 Year Innovation Plan: • Articulates an innovation path to contribute fundamentally towards the transformation of the economy to a knowledge economy; • Informed by ‘triage’ in decision-making i.t.o: • Focus on SA’s areas of competence; • Global Objectives; • Societal transformation; and • Based on premise that government’s growth targets require a significant investment in innovation

“Grand Challenges” 1. Farmer to Pharma value chain to strengthen the bio-economy; 2. Space S&T; 3. Energy security; 4. Global-change science (climate change); and 5. Human and social sciences.

Know ledge Generation Enablers Technology development and innovation challenges Grand Farmer to Space Energy Global Human & pharma science change social science Human capital - South African research chairs initiative, Cross- cutting professional development programme, etc. enablers Knowledge infrastructure – Science councils, state- owned enterprises, global projects

Know ledge Generation • Early-stage research (for example nanotechnology where the innovation is uncertain and projected well into the future); • Science missions (exploiting the ‘living laboratories’ of local resources and geographic advantage to generate meaningful scientific research outputs/knowledge products);

Know ledge Generation and exploitation • Technology missions (for example advanced manufacturing where innovation is possible in the near future); • Conventional sectors (institutional mandates for growing the research base such that the entire sector and the economy constantly benefits, for example agriculture or health).

Basic Applied Tech Develop Transfer & Proliferation COEs Competency Centres DOE/NRF NRF/DST DST/TIA PBF/DTI •Research Chairs •Innovation Fund •SEDA •PGP & HCD instruments •BRICs •Khula •RISA instruments •SPII & PII •IDC Publications/new knowledge Patents/new knowledge products

Innovation Instruments cont: Bridging the “Innovation Chasm” TIA Production & Knowledge Commercialisation Production Development

Basic Applied Tech Develop Transfer & Proliferation NRF IDC TIA Specialist Venture Research Funds Capital International Research Funds SEDA PBF Publications/new knowledge Patents/new knowledge products

IP Support Venture TI Fund Capital Access Enterprise Development Competency Centres Hydrogen Economy BRICS AMI AMTS

Innovation as a National Competence 1. Technology Innovation Agency (TIA) 2. Intellectual Property Rights Bill (IPR) 3. Centres of Competence 4. Public Benefit Foundation (PBF) 5. Regional Innovation Systems • Technology Parks

Human Capital Development: Increase the number of knowledge workers: Researchers Increase the productivity of researchers Address inequalities: Race, gender, regional & institutional distribution Introducing appropriate Innovation Instruments in the National System of Innovation

Know ledge-based Economies Selected Countries PhD production rates Profile 250.00 221 PhD's/year/million of population 188 200.00 157 1999 140 150.00 2000 2001 114 2002 100.00 2003 53 43 50.00 23 10 7 0.00 South China India Japan South Taiwan UK USA Australia Brazil Africa Korea

Strategic Positioning: IN WHICH LEAGUE DO WE WANT TO PLAY? South Africa In Country Factor 2026 (20 yrs) China?? X 0.34 A 5 x increase India?? X 0.44 to present Brazil X 1.9 situation Taiwan X 2.3 Japan X 4.9 South Africa USA X 6.1 In 2026 (20yrs) South X 6.8 Korea A 10 x increase UK X 8.2 to future Australia X 9.7 situation

Points of leverage from current situation: 1. < 10% proceed from a basic degree to pursue honours 2. Only 19% proceed from Masters to Doctoral studies 1 2 Existing National SET 26,000 561 3,200 2,900 33,500 pipeline (2005) Masters ~ per PhD’s ~ Hons grad HG Maths and SET graduation yr (incl. per yr rates~ per yr Science ~ per yr rates ~per yr coursework)

Research Outputs: Scientific Journals 9000 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 SA Knowledgebase SAPSE ISI journals only

Research Outputs: International Comparison

Research Outputs: Patents PCT INTERNATIONAL APPLICATIONS ORIGINATING FROM SELECTED DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 4000 3500 1998 3000 1999 2500 2000 2000 2001 2002 1500 2003 1000 2004 500 0 South R.Korea China India Singapore. Brazil Mexico Africa 485 322 0 127 114 67 1998 790 240 281 61 144 126 51 1999 1514 579 386 156 225 161 71 2000 2324 1678 419 316 288 173 104 2001 2520 1017 384 525 330 201 132 2002 2951 1293 355 764 282 220 131 2003 3521 1782 416 784 415 280 137 2004

S& T Across Govt • Inter-Departmental S&T initiatives (Technology Managers Forum); • Infrastructure investment in line with ASGISA (i.e. rail, road, air, energy, etc.); • Public procurement innovation (support local innovations incl. SMME’s and techno start- ups); and • Monitoring S&T in SA (annual reviews, surveys and patent statistics).

OECD Review : Key Findings • Human Capital for SET is sub-optimal. • A long term planning Framework is needed. • The governance framework needs more vertical and horizontal integration. • There is an innovation chasm with an insufficient number of research products directly influencing the real economy. • Science, Technology and Innovation for the 2 nd economy should be more pronounced and visible.

Conclusions • Application of knowledge to generate new products and services; – Five “grand challenges” as a mechanism to create focus and developing a research agenda with specific national outcomes; • Ensure innovation as a national competence is strengthened by appropriate mechanisms (i.e. TIA; Centres of Competence); • Enhance country’s ability to generate knowledge including early stage research areas;

CONCLUSION (CONT) • Infrastructure • Internationalisation of our Research Enterprise

KE A LEBOGA Thank you