SLIDE 1
Do differences in ethical underpinnings affect the identity formation
- f men and women in sport?
THERES NO CRYING IN BASEBALL How traditions of sport storytelling - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
THERES NO CRYING IN BASEBALL How traditions of sport storytelling - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
THERES NO CRYING IN BASEBALL How traditions of sport storytelling ignore the ethical foundation of female athletes Do differences in ethical underpinnings affect the identity formation of men and women in sport? I AM A MOTHER AND A
SLIDE 2
SLIDE 3
THERE’S NO CRYING IN BASEBALL
Sport is mythic and justice-based Sports storytelling promotes the myth Women‟s stories follow the male model Ignores ethical foundation of women Creates dissociation in adolescents Unresolved without new myth of sport
SLIDE 4
THE NATURAL
A Grail quest with Roy Hobbs as Perceval Hero must prove himself spiritually and morally prepared to succeed
SLIDE 5
THE NATURAL
A Grail quest with Roy Hobbs as Perceval Hero must prove himself spiritually and morally prepared to succeed In the book, Hobbs strikes out In the movie, Hobbs hits a home run
SLIDE 6
THE GRAIL AS SOCIAL ORDER
SLIDE 7
JUSTICE IS FAIRNESS
Ethical principles of justice:
Equal rights Equal opportunity
A wel
ell-or
- rdered
dered so socie iety ty
Social
cial cooperation peration from
- m
- ne
e ge generation eration to n next xt
John Rawls
SLIDE 8
A LEAGUE OF OUR OWN
SLIDE 9
THERE’S NO CRYING IN BASEBALL
Justice in sport is
built out of rules
Justice in sport is
about social order
SLIDE 10
KOHLBERG ON MORAL DEVELOPMENT
Stage 4 of moral reasoning:
“There is an orientation toward authority, fixed rules and the maintenance of social order. Right behavior consists of doing one‟s duty, showing respect for authority, and maintaining the given social
- rder for its own sake.”
SLIDE 11
MILLION DOLLAR BABY
SLIDE 12
WORLDVIEW OF SPORTS
Following direction is a primary virtue Hierarchy – Owner, coach, athlete Modern mythical form:
The opponent is evil Victory is the only goal Independence leads to failure Athletes must give everything to the game
SLIDE 13
IDENTITY PROGRESSION
Athlete = man Man ends career Man becomes coach Coach = Guardian of social order Coach = man
SLIDE 14
ETHIC OF CARE
Carol Gilligan: Women find their
ethical foundation in relationships
Not in rules and rights
Carol Gilligan
Nel Noddings: People have an ethical duty to offer care to the other.
Nel Noddings
SLIDE 15
NATURAL CARE
Na
Natu tural ral ca care: e: Hearing your child crying in the night and wanting to care for the child
Et
Ethical ical ca care: e: When confronted by someone in need, you must commit to considering care.
SLIDE 16
GROWTH IN WOMEN’S SPORT
Women take up men‟s sport in the form played by men.
“IMPLICITLY ADOPTING THE MALE LIFE AS THE NORM, THEY HAVE TRIED TO FASHION WOMEN OUT OF A MASCULINE CLOTH.” –Carol Gilligan
SLIDE 17
WOMEN AND IDENTITY DEVELOPMENT
Elizabeth Debold Male children adopt masculine,
and reject or distance themselves from feminine
Female children do not reject
what is socially defined as masculine
SLIDE 18
SPORT AND FEMININE IDENTITY
Children in traditional male sports are engrossed in a world dedicated to creating male identity. Debold: Girls enjoy male-oriented activities and become „more masculine‟ … until adolescence.
SLIDE 19
DIVIDED SELVES
“Realizing cultural equations of
„masculine‟ attributes with success, girls who desire success in a career may find themselves divided against their female embodiment and relationships to create a successful identity.”
--Elizabeth Debold
SLIDE 20
FEMALE SPORT IDENTITY PROGRESSION
Child: Athlete = man / woman Female athlete reaches adolescence Adolescent: Athlete = ? (Debold:
Dissociative crisis)
Adult: Coach = Guardian of social
- rder
Female athlete must split or reject
- ne identity
SLIDE 21
MEDIA AND FEMALE ATHLETES
Mo Models: dels: Woman man mu must t bet better er th the ma man (Gracie, Heart Like a Wheel) Woman man wi wins s succe ccess, ss, finds ds tr trag agedy edy (Million Dollar Baby) Girl l stories ries (National Velvet, Bend It Like Beckham, Blue Crush) th that at end d be before
- re ad
adult lt ch choices ices ar are co cont ntem emplat plated ed
SLIDE 22
WOMAN LEAVES SPORT TO BE FEMININE
SLIDE 23
REMOVE STRUCTURAL BARRIERS
SLIDE 24
BEHIND THE FACADE
SLIDE 25
BEHIND THE FACADE
SLIDE 26
BEHIND THE FACADE
SLIDE 27
BEHIND THE FACADE
SLIDE 28
A NEW MYTH OF WOMEN’S SPORT?
Structural changes aren‟t enough Athlete = Woman Coach = Woman Gilligan: Women define their identity
through relationships of intimacy and care
Where is the story of relationships of
intimacy and care in sport?
SLIDE 29
CARING MODEL OF SPORT
Coach must care for athletes Coach must teach athletes to care for others Dialogue is more important than rules Relationships are more important than social
- rder
The opponent is respected The grail is building what Mayeroff calls
“appropriate relationships‟
SLIDE 30
CARE EXISTS IN WOMEN’S SPORT
SLIDE 31
SPORTS WHERE GOAL IS TO PLEASE
Figure skating Gymnastics Dressage Aerial freestyle skiing Aerial snowboarding Diving
SLIDE 32
ATHLETE = WOMAN
Dara Torres Five Olympics 12 medals
SLIDE 33