THE YOUTH VAPING PANDEMIC TAKING ACTION TO PROTECT YOUTH AND REDUCE VAPING IN SCHOOLS
The Issue: Vaping & Youth TODAY’S AGENDA Health Implications Resources for Schools Policy Action
THE ISSUE: VAPING & YOUTH The frequently cited study published in the British Medical Journal, led by Professor David Hammond of the University of Waterloo, found that among those 16-19 years old, vaping increased by a stunning 74% from 2017 to 2018. The study also found that cigarette smoking among 16-19-year-olds in the same 2017 to 2018 time period increased by 45%. Prior surveys up to and including 2017 had shown a continuing decline in youth smoking. However, these concerning results indicate that youth smoking may now be increasing.
Nicotine Addiction A Real Issue The tobacco industry has long understood the role of nicotine. A leading Philip Morris nicotine researcher, William L. Dunn, concluded in 1972: The c e cigar aret ette e sh should be be c conceived no not a as a s a pr product bu but as s a packag age. e. The prod oduct ct i is nico cotine … Think k of t the c cigarette p pack ck as a storage container for a day’s supply of nicotine … Thin ink o of t the c cigarette as a dispenser o of a a dose u unit it o of nicotin ine … … Thin ink of a puff o of smoke as the v vehic icle le o of ni nicotine … … Smoke is s be beyond que question the he m most optim imiz ized v vehic icle le o of nicotin ine a and t the cigarette t the mo most optimized ed d dispen enser er o of smoke. e.
Big • Altria, one of the largest tobacco companies in the Tobacco world owns Philip Morris. • On December 20, 2018 Altria purchased a 35% share in JUUL Labs, the most popular vaping brand in North America. • Philip Morris, a subsidiary of Altria also markets the IQOS heat not burn Big Plans tobacco product. • Two weeks earlier in December 2018, Altria purchased a 45% share in Cronos, one of Canada’s largest cannabis companies. At a shareholder meeting in January 2019 the CEO of Altria stated, "I • think that both we and Cronos think there are opportunities really across the world in a variety of product categories, both recreational and medicinal, that would involve them entering new product forms and developing new products and new product brands," he said. "I think it's early days there, and we have not restricted our thinking with regards to that.“ We are sure you can all do the math.
VAPING 101 Vapes are known by • many names, like e- cigarettes, vapourizers, vape pens, pods, mods, tank systems, e-pipes, or e-hookahs. Vapes heat a liquid called • e-liquid or e-juice which produces a vapour instead of smoke, which is then inhaled.
MODS VS. PODS • These are large size, modifiable vapes that • A pod vape is a mini vape based on a two- allow for more aerosol, nicotine, and other part system: a pod filled with e-juice that chemicals to be breathed into the lungs, at a snaps into a small battery. faster rate. • These vapes look closer to a USB stick and • Mod devices use electricity to heat a cartridge contain pods with higher amounts of nicotine of e-liquid, which contains nicotine in a so- than the e-liquid for Mods; one pod can have called free-base form. E-liquids come with as much nicotine as 3 packs of cigarettes, varying nicotine levels, from 0mg (no nicotine) over 59mg. The legal limit in Canada is to 24mg (very high). 66mg. • This nicotine solution is added to a mixture of • Pods work by vaporizing nicotine salts which flavourings, along with vegetable glycerin and are known to quickly deliver a high propylene glycol which "carry" the nicotine concentration of nicotine to the body without with them when vaped. a harsh sensation.
Contents of E-liquid: • Flavours - Consists of chemicals • Nicotine (possibly) - Levels can vary • A carrier solvent - Usually propylene glycol and/or vegetable glycerin • Benzoic acid (only in nic salt e-liquid) From Liquid to Vapour: 1. E-liquid is heated to become an aerosol. 2. The aerosol is inhaled through the mouth into the lungs where it is absorbed into the bloodstream. 3. The remaining aerosol in exhaled. 4. While propylene glycol, vegetable E-Liquid & glycerine, or flavourings are not known to cause cancer when How it Works ingested, there is little research of the effects of inhaling them.
YOUTH PERSPECTIVES ON VAPING
THE HEALTH IMPLICATIONS
Given en the a addictive n e nature e and l lack o ack of CAUTION resear earch o on lon ong t g term heal alth e effect ects o of vaping ng pr produ ducts ts, , e-ci ciga garet ettes es a are e not recom commen ended ed f for or y you outh, non-sm smokers, s, or ex or ex-smoker kers who h o hav ave a e alread eady q quit.
WHAT MAKES • Ni Nicotine ne THEM • Che hemic icals ls i in n e-so solution / / sa salts ts HARMFUL? • Met etals ls from t the he hea heatin ing c coil l (nic nicke kel, l, c chr hronic icum et etc.) • Silic ilica fro rom t the w wic ick
HEART, LUNGS, • Negative impact on the cells that line the month, BRAIN AND nose, lungs and blood vessels MORE • Increased risk for heart attack and injury to the respiratory airways • Long term use of vape products pose direct health risks for respiratory and cardiovascular disease?
Nicotine & • Nicotine increases blood pressure and makes the heart work harder Youth • Nicotine use in youth can damage the developing brain • May affect memory and concentration • Reduces impulse control • May be linked to cognitive and behavioural problems • Nicotine salts may be toxic to the lung cells
Cumulative probability estimate of transition NICOTINE from first use to dependence AND ADDICTION National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and WHAT ABOUT NICOTINE WITHDRAWL? Related Conditions
RESOURCES FOR SCHOOLS
MANITOBA RESOURCES ON VAPING & SMOKING
• Resource: Vaping and smoking prevention program LUNGS ARE • Target Group: Students in elementary and middle FOR LIFE! schools • Program Objective: To give students information about nicotine use so they can make healthy and informed decisions about whether or not to vape or smoke • Key Learning: That life is better when you are nicotine-free!
PROGRAM TOPICS
Review & Rate SMOKING & Manitoba Health, Seniors & Active Living • VAPING PREVENTION Lungs Are For Life! Lung Association, Manitoba •
POLICY ACTION How y w you c can protec ect s student dents and d cur urb b the t he trend ends of yout uth v vaping i in n you our sch schools ls
WHATS THE Why regulate tobacco use and vaping in schools? OBJECTIVE?
SCHOOL Scho hool v l vapin ping po polic icie ies s sho hould ld a align w with tobacco us use e po polic icie ies VAPING POLICIES • Embed education into curriculum • Enforce through a balance of punitive and remedial measures • Research best practices in vaping prevention and cessation for youth • Involve youth in peer mentoring and education initiatives
SCHOOL VAPING Even the best POLICIES school policy implementation and enforcement is NOT ENOUGH to curb the tide and protect our students.
CANDY FLAVOURED E-JUICE “A friendly strawberry- marshmallow sugary treat you all know and love!” Available in 0, 3, and 6mg/ml of nicotine
CANDY “Old-fashionned FLAVOURED donut filled with E-JUICE marshmallows slightly dipped in real chocolate & dusted generously with graham crackers.” Available in 0, 3, and 6mg/ml of nicotine
“Get your goggles on! A CANDY mouth-watering blend of FLAVOURED strawberry and raspberry gummies with a splash of E-JUICE sour, Sour Blast Berry Wave delivers a delicious treat that’s sour and sweet.” Available in 30 and 50mg/ml of nicotine
CANDY FLAVOURED “ Same flavor as E-JUICE the white hard candy...soooo good...melts in your mouth.. sorta' speak! ” Available in 30 and 50mg/ml of nicotine
MARKETTING AND PROPAGANDA THROUGH SOCIAL MEDIA
What t could ld our fe federal a and p provin incia ial l FEDERAL AND gove vernments do do t to be better protect our ur ki kids from om PROVINCIAL getting h hooked o on n e-ci cigaret rette p e product cts? s? POLICY OPTIONS • Ban or strictly regulate flavourings • Ban internet sales or mandate better age verification requirements • Set a much lower maximum nicotine content standard • Set a legal age of 21 for both tobacco and e-cigarettes
FEDERAL AND • Develop regulatory authority over product standards PROVINCIAL POLICY OPTIONS
The school boards of Manitoba have the BE BOLD power to meaningfully impact the youth vaping epidemic.
Questions? Thank you for your time.
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