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The Xen Port of Kexec / Kdump A short introduction and status report Magnus Damm Simon Horman VA Linux Systems Japan K.K. www.valinux.co.jp/en/ Xen Summit, September 2006 Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit,

  1. The Xen Port of Kexec / Kdump A short introduction and status report Magnus Damm Simon Horman VA Linux Systems Japan K.K. www.valinux.co.jp/en/ Xen Summit, September 2006 Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 1 / 17

  2. Outline Introduction to Kexec What is Kexec? Kexec Examples Kexec Overview Introduction to Kdump What is Kdump? Kdump Kernels The Crash Utility Xen Porting Effort Kexec under Xen Kdump under Xen The Dumpread Tool Partial Dumps Current Status Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 2 / 17

  3. Introduction to Kexec Outline Introduction to Kexec What is Kexec? Kexec Examples Kexec Overview Introduction to Kdump What is Kdump? Kdump Kernels The Crash Utility Xen Porting Effort Kexec under Xen Kdump under Xen The Dumpread Tool Partial Dumps Current Status Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 3 / 17

  4. Introduction to Kexec What is Kexec? What is Kexec? “kexec is a system call that implements the ability to shutdown your current kernel, and to start another kernel. It is like a reboot but it is indepedent of the system firmware...” Configuration help text in Linux-2.6.17 Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 4 / 17

  5. Introduction to Kexec What is Kexec? What is Kexec? “kexec is a system call that implements the ability to shutdown your current kernel, and to start another kernel. It is like a reboot but it is indepedent of the system firmware...” Configuration help text in Linux-2.6.17 Kexec allows you to reboot from Linux into any kernel. . . Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 4 / 17

  6. Introduction to Kexec What is Kexec? What is Kexec? “kexec is a system call that implements the ability to shutdown your current kernel, and to start another kernel. It is like a reboot but it is indepedent of the system firmware...” Configuration help text in Linux-2.6.17 Kexec allows you to reboot from Linux into any kernel. . . . . . as long as the new kernel doesn’t depend on the BIOS for setup. Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 4 / 17

  7. Introduction to Kexec Kexec Examples Kexec Examples Below are a few examples on how to use Kexec to reboot into. . . Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 5 / 17

  8. Introduction to Kexec Kexec Examples Kexec Examples Below are a few examples on how to use Kexec to reboot into. . . Linux ◮ kexec vmlinux –append=”root=/dev/hda3” Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 5 / 17

  9. Introduction to Kexec Kexec Examples Kexec Examples Below are a few examples on how to use Kexec to reboot into. . . Linux ◮ kexec vmlinux –append=”root=/dev/hda3” ◮ kexec bzImage –append=”ip=on” –initrd=initramfs.cpio.gz Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 5 / 17

  10. Introduction to Kexec Kexec Examples Kexec Examples Below are a few examples on how to use Kexec to reboot into. . . Linux ◮ kexec vmlinux –append=”root=/dev/hda3” ◮ kexec bzImage –append=”ip=on” –initrd=initramfs.cpio.gz Xen Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 5 / 17

  11. Introduction to Kexec Kexec Examples Kexec Examples Below are a few examples on how to use Kexec to reboot into. . . Linux ◮ kexec vmlinux –append=”root=/dev/hda3” ◮ kexec bzImage –append=”ip=on” –initrd=initramfs.cpio.gz Xen ◮ kexec -t multiboot-x86 /xen.gz Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 5 / 17

  12. Introduction to Kexec Kexec Examples Kexec Examples Below are a few examples on how to use Kexec to reboot into. . . Linux ◮ kexec vmlinux –append=”root=/dev/hda3” ◮ kexec bzImage –append=”ip=on” –initrd=initramfs.cpio.gz Xen ◮ kexec -t multiboot-x86 /xen.gz –append="/xen.gz com1=115200,8n1,0x3f8" Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 5 / 17

  13. Introduction to Kexec Kexec Examples Kexec Examples Below are a few examples on how to use Kexec to reboot into. . . Linux ◮ kexec vmlinux –append=”root=/dev/hda3” ◮ kexec bzImage –append=”ip=on” –initrd=initramfs.cpio.gz Xen ◮ kexec -t multiboot-x86 /xen.gz –append="/xen.gz com1=115200,8n1,0x3f8" –module="/vmlinuz console=ttyS0,115200 ip=on" Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 5 / 17

  14. Introduction to Kexec Kexec Examples Kexec Examples Below are a few examples on how to use Kexec to reboot into. . . Linux ◮ kexec vmlinux –append=”root=/dev/hda3” ◮ kexec bzImage –append=”ip=on” –initrd=initramfs.cpio.gz Xen ◮ kexec -t multiboot-x86 /xen.gz –append="/xen.gz com1=115200,8n1,0x3f8" –module="/vmlinuz console=ttyS0,115200 ip=on" –module="/initramfs.cpio.gz" Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 5 / 17

  15. Introduction to Kexec Kexec Overview Kexec Overview Kexec is a combination of kernel code and user space code: ◮ Linux kernel support available through CONFIG_KEXEC . ◮ kexec-tools provides the user space tool kexec . ◮ http://www.xmission.com/~ebiederm/files/kexec/ Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 6 / 17

  16. Introduction to Kexec Kexec Overview Kexec Overview Kexec is a combination of kernel code and user space code: ◮ Linux kernel support available through CONFIG_KEXEC . ◮ kexec-tools provides the user space tool kexec . ◮ http://www.xmission.com/~ebiederm/files/kexec/ Supported architectures: ◮ i386, x86_64, PowerPC/PPC, s390, SH are all in Linux-2.6.17. ◮ ia64 support is currently under development. Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 6 / 17

  17. Introduction to Kexec Kexec Overview Kexec Overview Kexec is a combination of kernel code and user space code: ◮ Linux kernel support available through CONFIG_KEXEC . ◮ kexec-tools provides the user space tool kexec . ◮ http://www.xmission.com/~ebiederm/files/kexec/ Supported architectures: ◮ i386, x86_64, PowerPC/PPC, s390, SH are all in Linux-2.6.17. ◮ ia64 support is currently under development. Development: ◮ Discussions take place on the fastboot mailing list. ◮ https://lists.osdl.org/mailman/listinfo/fastboot ◮ Many patches available for kexec-tools . Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 6 / 17

  18. Introduction to Kdump Outline Introduction to Kexec What is Kexec? Kexec Examples Kexec Overview Introduction to Kdump What is Kdump? Kdump Kernels The Crash Utility Xen Porting Effort Kexec under Xen Kdump under Xen The Dumpread Tool Partial Dumps Current Status Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 7 / 17

  19. Introduction to Kdump What is Kdump? What is Kdump? Kdump is a Kexec-based crash dumping solution. Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 8 / 17

  20. Introduction to Kdump What is Kdump? What is Kdump? Kdump is a Kexec-based crash dumping solution. What is a crash dump then? Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 8 / 17

  21. Introduction to Kdump What is Kdump? What is Kdump? Kdump is a Kexec-based crash dumping solution. What is a crash dump then? A crash dump is similar to a core dump: Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 8 / 17

  22. Introduction to Kdump What is Kdump? What is Kdump? Kdump is a Kexec-based crash dumping solution. What is a crash dump then? A crash dump is similar to a core dump: ◮ A core dump represents the contents of a process. ◮ User space register contents and virtual memory. ◮ A crash dump represents the contents of the kernel. ◮ Register contents and physical memory. Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 8 / 17

  23. Introduction to Kdump What is Kdump? What is Kdump? Kdump is a Kexec-based crash dumping solution. What is a crash dump then? A crash dump is similar to a core dump: ◮ A core dump represents the contents of a process. ◮ User space register contents and virtual memory. ◮ A crash dump represents the contents of the kernel. ◮ Register contents and physical memory. Kdump is used to extract a crash dump from a crashed machine. Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 8 / 17

  24. Introduction to Kdump What is Kdump? What is Kdump? Kdump is a Kexec-based crash dumping solution. What is a crash dump then? A crash dump is similar to a core dump: ◮ A core dump represents the contents of a process. ◮ User space register contents and virtual memory. ◮ A crash dump represents the contents of the kernel. ◮ Register contents and physical memory. Kdump is used to extract a crash dump from a crashed machine. The crash utility is later on used to analyze the crash dump. Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 8 / 17

  25. Introduction to Kdump Kdump Kernels Kdump Kernels A Kdump enabled setup requires two kernels. Magnus Damm (magnus@valinux.co.jp) Kexec / Kdump Xen Summit, September 2006 9 / 17

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