The WWA Standard for manufacturing wood windows and window - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Wood Knowledge Wales and Bron Afron Community Housing

The Case For Wood Windows The WWA Standard for manufacturing wood windows and window performance

Kevin Underwood Wood Window Alliance

Introduction

• Requirements for WWA timber windows
• Other factors affecting high performance windows
• Considerations for extending service life and reducing

maintenance costs.

Timber Window Accreditation Scheme

• The Wood Window Alliance

technical specification for windows has developed from the requirements of the TWAS.

Whole life analysis of timber windows

Whole Life Analysis of timber, modified timber and aluminium-clad timber windows: Service Life Planning (SLP), Whole Life Costing (WLC) and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Dr Gillian F. Menzies Institute for Building and Urban Design Heriot Watt University June 2013

• BS EN 14351-1:2006+A2:2016
• Windows and Doors
• Product Standard
• Performance characteristics
• Part 1 Windows and External Pedestrian

Doorsets

Product Testing, European Standard

Declaration of Performance and CE Label

Any declaration for a performance characteristic that is an “essential characteristic” from Annex ZA of the product standard must be made first on the DoP.

http://www.bwf.org.uk/publications/ce-marking

• BS 644
• Timber Windows and Doorsets
• Fully Finished factory-assembled

windows and doorsets of various types

• Specification

Product Testing, British Standard

Product Testing

Clause Heading Sub-clause Heading Part Clause Additional information Other referenced standards 10 Security 10.1 Basic Security 3 5.13.1 BS 6375- 3:2009 Annex A 10.2 Enhanced Security 3 5.13.2 PAS 24 11 Safety in case of fire 11.1 Fire resistance 3 5.2.3 Test and classification BS EN 14600 11.2 Reaction to fire 3 5.2.1 material of roof windows only Test and classification BS EN 13501-1 Performance levels Approved Document B 12 Safety in use 12.1 Impact resistance (see below) 2 5.4 Test BS EN 13049 Classification BS 6375-2 12.2 Safety Devices (see below) 2 5.3 Load bearing capacity Test BS EN 14609 Performance level BS EN 14351

Product Testing

13 Weathertightness 1 6 Air permeability

Test BS EN 1026

Classification BS EN 12207 7 Weathertightn ess Test BS EN 1027 Classification BS EN 12208 8 Resistance to wind Test BS EN 12211 Classification BES N 12210 14 Operation and strength characteristics 2 5.1 Operating forces Test BS EN 12046-1 Classification BS EN 13115 5.2.1 Resistance to static torsion Test BS EN 14609 Classification BS EN 13115 5.2.2 Racking Test BS EN 14608 Classification BS EN 13115 5.3 Load-bearing capacity of safety devices Test BS EN 14609 Classification 350 N threshold 5.4 Impact resistance Test BS EN 13049 Classification Table 2 BS 6375-2 5.5 Resistance to repeated

• pening and

closing Test BS EN 1191 Performance

• Min. 10000

cycles As specified in BS EN 12400 Class 2

Product Testing

15 Hygiene, health and the environment Ventilation device N/ A Test BS EN 13141-1 Classification BS EN 13142 16 Acoustic Performance 3 5.5 Tested BS EN ISO 140-3 Evaluated BS EN 717-1 17 Energy conservation Thermal Transmitta nce 3 5.6 Calculation method General BS EN ISO 10077-1 Numerical method BS EN ISO 10077-2 Hot box method Windows and doors BS EN ISO 12567-1 Roof windows BS EN ISO 12567-2

• BS EN ISO 9001:2015 – QMS
• Factory Production Control
• CE Marking – constancy of performance
• Continuous Improvement

Quality Management Systems

• Prescriptive Tolerances in Standards
• Process Variation
• Effects on performance

Tolerances

• BS 8213-1
• Windows, doors and rooflights
• Part1 Design for safety in use and

during cleaning of windows, including door-height windows and roof windows

• Code of practice

Safety

• BS 8213-4:2016
• Windows and doors.
• Code of practice for the survey and

installation of windows and external doorsets

Installation

• Regulation (EU) 995/2010
• laying down the obligations of operators

who place timber and timber products on the market

• http://ec.europa.eu/environment/forests/timber_regulation.htm

European Timber Regulations

Chain of Custody

• Forest Stewardship Council
• Programme for the

Endorsement of Forest Certification

• Regulation (EU) 528/2012
• concerning the making available on the

market and use of biocidal products

• http://www.hse.gov.uk/biocides/basics.htm

European Biocidal Products Regulation

• Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006
• concerning the Registration, Evaluation,

Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH), establishing a European Chemicals Agency

• http://ec.europa.eu/environment/chemicals/reach/reach_en.htm
• http://www.hse.gov.uk/reach/index.htm

REACH

Smoke Toxicity

The study aims at evaluating the need to regulate on toxicity of smoke generated by construction products in fire within the framework

• f Regulation (EU) No

305/2011 and the possible impacts of any such measures.

Emissions of VOCs

COMMISSION DELEGATED REGULATION

• n the classification of

performance of construction products in relation to their emissions of volatile organic compounds into indoor air

What is an EPD?

An Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) communicates verifiable, accurate, non-misleading environmental information for products and their applications, thereby supporting scientifically based, fair choices and stimulating the potential for market driven continuous environmental improvement.

Environmental Product Declarations (EPD)

• http://www.bwf.org.uk/toolkit/environmental-

waste-management/what-is-a-life-cycle- assessment

Materials Health

Cradle to Cradle Certified™ Banned List of Chemicals Chemicals and substances that are banned for use in Cradle to Cradle Certified™ products as intentional inputs above 1000 ppm (0.1%) by weight. These are materials which have a tendency to accumulate in the biosphere and lead to irreversible negative human health effects or have hazardous characteristics associated with their manufacture, use, or disposal. http://www.c2ccertified.org/resources/detail/cradle-to-cradle- certified-banned-list-of-chemicals Question to suppliers Please confirm that the products you supply to us do not use any of the materials listed in their production.

Materials Health Feasibility Study A wooden window frame, can be eligible for certification on a Silver level.

Biophilic Design Interior design expert Oliver Heath (pictured right), and Ed Suttie, Research Director at BRE Centre for Sustainable Products (left).

The term ‘biophilia’ refers to the adaption or design of a building to the environment, rather than the other way around. The meaning of the word biophilia is a love for nature and it is considered by some to be the missing part of sustainable design. Biophilic design aims to create strong connections between nature and manmade environments which can have benefits for health and wellbeing. Biophilic Design

The Circular Economy

A Circular economy has the potential to give rise to much more resilient economies with more abundant resources and a healthier environment

BIM Building Information Modelling

Land Rover BAR Team HQ Portsmouth BIM Level 2

SERVOWOOD Reasons for coating wood

• Protection
• Durability
• Weather resistance
• Appearance
• Colour
• Gloss and sheen
• Texture
• Enhanced performance
• Fire resistance
• Fungal and algal resistance
• Coating to protect from substrate interactions:
• Moisture movement
• Interface problems e.g. adhesion
• Chemicals in wood such as: tannin and resins

SERVOWOOD Research Laboratories and Natural weathering Sites

Accelerated Weathering

• UV-A fluorescent testing (2,000

hours). Natural Weathering

• Traditional 45 degree exposure rig

facing South. New Multifaceted Exposure Ring (MFER)

• Allows exposure at zero, 45 and 90

degrees and N, S, E and W

• rientation.
• Includes artificial wetting and heating.

SERVOWOOD Weathering Tests

SERVOWOOD Results – fungal growth

Coating Service Life

• Orientation of grain for coated surface – flat sawn or quarter sawn
• Angle of coated surface – vertical, 15 degrees to horizontal, less than 15 degrees to horizontal etc.
• Radius of arris (sharp) edges – 0mm, 1.5 to 3mm, greater than 3mm etc.
• Surface quality – machined finish or sanded finish
• Denibbing or sanding? – is process too heavy
• Leave primer and undercoat to “absorb” the nibs?
• End-grain sealing – assessment of method used (materials and application)
• Movement of timber
• Flexibility of adhesive
• Tannin/extractive staining Idigbo not so much sapele
• What do people use? Redwood, sapele, grandis, iroko

Factors that can affect coating performance

• Location of component – top horizontal (head), bottom horizontal (sill), upper end of vertical

component, lower end of vertical component etc.

• Application of preservative – none, superficial treatment, impregnation treatment (3mm analytical

zone)

• Extension of component from face of window (or other product) i.e. sill projection – flush (0mm),

25mm 100mm etc.

• Location of window in building opening – 100mm from external face, 50mm, 0mm etc.
• Protection from weather – by soffit (lintel), canopy or porch etc.
• Exposure to weather – External
• Construction moisture - Internal Humidity

Factors that can affect coating performance

BS EN 927-1:2013

Paints and varnishes – Coating materials and coating systems for exterior wood Part1: Classification and selection

Exposure to wind driven rain

Exposure to wind driven rain

Exposure to wind driven rain

EN 927-1 Direction of Exposure (Orientation)

EN 927-1 Degree of Shelter

EN 927-1 Inclination of weathered surfaces

Decreasing the angle of exposure from vertical towards horizontal greatly increases the intensity of weathering for sheltered as well as not sheltered parts.

EN 927-1 Relative Exposure Conditions

18 year exposure trial

Summary

• Long service life and low maintenance costs
• Selection of material
• Attention to details in design
• Controlled factory processes
• Optimum installation
• Inspection and Maintenance before failure

Thank You

Any Questions