The role of Science in New The role of Science in New Zealand s - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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The role of Science in New The role of Science in New Zealand s - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The role of Science in New The role of Science in New Zealand s Innovative Future s Innovative Future Zealand Jacqueline Rowarth Jacqueline Rowarth Director, Office for Environmental Programs Director, Office for Environmental


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The role of Science in New The role of Science in New Zealand Zealand’ ’s Innovative Future s Innovative Future

Jacqueline Rowarth Jacqueline Rowarth

Director, Office for Environmental Programs Director, Office for Environmental Programs University of Melbourne University of Melbourne

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Rate of return to research Rate of return to research

Years Years Annual rate (% ) Annual rate (% ) 8 8 66 66 16 16 39 39 23 23 30 30 29 29 15 15

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Shortfall in scientific and Shortfall in scientific and engineering workforce engineering workforce

  • Australia

Australia 75,000 75,000

  • Britain

Britain 700,000 700,000

  • China

China 850,000 850,000

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Reasons Reasons

  • Social

Social

  • Environmental

Environmental

  • Economic

Economic

  • Knowledge

Knowledge-

  • gaining

gaining

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Vision Vision

‘ ‘a small, clever country with one of the a small, clever country with one of the highest sustainable qualities of life in the highest sustainable qualities of life in the world, environmentally, socially and world, environmentally, socially and economically economically’ ’. .

  • Productive and sustainable

Productive and sustainable

  • Adding value

Adding value

  • Creating lifestyle

Creating lifestyle

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  • Picking winners

Picking winners

  • Near to market

Near to market

  • Short term

Short term

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Mathematics of Innovation Mathematics of Innovation

  • 1 or 2 to market success

1 or 2 to market success

  • 10 venture capital

10 venture capital

  • 100 initial investment

100 initial investment

  • 1000 nascent business

1000 nascent business plans plans

  • Gary Hamel, Fortune July 2001

Gary Hamel, Fortune July 2001

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  • Research

Research $1 discovery $1 discovery

  • Development

Development $10 $10

  • Commercialisation

Commercialisation $100 $100

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What is the case for What is the case for public R&D funding? public R&D funding?

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What is the case for public What is the case for public R&D funding? R&D funding?

  • Advancement of knowledge

Advancement of knowledge

  • Participation in international community

Participation in international community

  • Economic benefits

Economic benefits

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What is the case for public What is the case for public R&D funding? R&D funding?

  • Advancement of knowledge

Advancement of knowledge

  • Participation in international community

Participation in international community

  • Economic benefits

Economic benefits

Most of the benefit of research is felt by the Most of the benefit of research is felt by the public at large. This causes the private sector public at large. This causes the private sector to under to under-

  • invest

invest. .

The Economist The Economist

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Reasons Reasons

1. 1.

New wealth & economic growth New wealth & economic growth

2. 2.

Creates technology for innovation Creates technology for innovation

3. 3.

Recruitment of high quality people Recruitment of high quality people

4. 4.

Serendipitous discoveries Serendipitous discoveries

5. 5.

International participation International participation

6. 6.

Spin off benefits Spin off benefits

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Does the present system work? Does the present system work?

  • Market failure

Market failure

  • Proliferation of funding pools

Proliferation of funding pools

  • Discipline

Discipline

  • Recruitment

Recruitment

  • Economic growth

Economic growth

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Proliferation Proliferation

  • > 50 sources of money

> 50 sources of money

  • Confusion

Confusion

  • Time bidding

Time bidding

  • Potential overlap

Potential overlap

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Discipline Discipline

  • Biosecurity

Biosecurity

  • Soil Science

Soil Science

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Discipline Discipline

  • Biosecurity

Biosecurity

  • Soil Science

Soil Science

  • Population increase

Population increase

  • Climate change

Climate change

  • Biosecurity

Biosecurity failure failure

  • Intensification of land use

Intensification of land use

  • Customer preference

Customer preference

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Recruitment: Recruitment:

R&D researchers per 1000 total employment R&D researchers per 1000 total employment

  • Finland

Finland 16 16

  • Sweden

Sweden 11 11

  • Japan

Japan 10 10

  • United States

United States 9 9

  • New Zealand

New Zealand 7 7

  • United Kingdom

United Kingdom 6 6

  • Economic Union

Economic Union 6 6

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Recruitment: Recruitment:

science and engineering graduates science and engineering graduates

  • Finland

Finland 28 28

  • Sweden

Sweden 31 31

  • Japan

Japan 26 26

  • United States

United States 17 17

  • New Zealand

New Zealand 19 19

  • United Kingdom

United Kingdom 29 29

  • Economic Union

Economic Union 27 27

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Issues Issues

  • Insecurity

Insecurity

  • Generation change

Generation change

  • Student loan

Student loan

  • Salary

Salary

  • Trust

Trust

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Salaries Salaries

  • Solicitor

Solicitor $50,000 $50,000-

  • 200,000+

200,000+

  • Computing Services

Computing Services $50,000 $50,000-

  • 150,000+

150,000+

  • Systems analyst

Systems analyst $50,000 $50,000-

  • 100,000+

100,000+

  • Management accountant

Management accountant $40,000 $40,000-

  • 100,000

100,000

  • Industrial chemist

Industrial chemist $40,000 $40,000-

  • 100,000

100,000

  • Road engineer

Road engineer $35,000 $35,000-

  • 80,000

80,000

  • Environmental scientist

Environmental scientist $30,000 $30,000-

  • 80,000

80,000

  • Forestry scientist

Forestry scientist $30,000 $30,000-

  • 45,000

45,000

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Trust Trust

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Trust Trust

New era New era – – the dawn of the dawn of McScience McScience Everybody is compromised Everybody is compromised Everybody is an expert Everybody is an expert

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‘ ‘Nullius in Verba Nullius in Verba’ ’

has become has become

‘ ‘listen to everyone listen to everyone’ ’

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The Challenge The Challenge

  • Accessibility

Accessibility

  • Inclusion

Inclusion

  • Dialogue

Dialogue

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Does the present system work? Does the present system work?

  • Market failure

Market failure

  • Proliferation of funding pools

Proliferation of funding pools

  • Discipline

Discipline

  • Recruitment

Recruitment

  • Economic growth

Economic growth

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Economic growth Economic growth… …

… …is closely related (R is closely related (R2

2= 0.80) to the

= 0.80) to the number of scientists and engineers in number of scientists and engineers in the workforce the workforce

Porter and Stern 2001 Porter and Stern 2001

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y = 0.8942x + 3.8076 R

2 = 0.7997

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 20 40 60 80 Ranking science and engineers in work force Ranking capacity to create wealth from innovation

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Are there better ways for Are there better ways for allocating the funding? allocating the funding?

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I s it going to priority areas at I s it going to priority areas at present? present?

  • Biotechnology

Biotechnology

  • IT

IT

  • Creative and performing arts

Creative and performing arts

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How are those areas How are those areas identified? identified?

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Does NZ have the absorptive Does NZ have the absorptive capacity to capture, adapt and capacity to capture, adapt and incorporate new knowledge incorporate new knowledge generated offshore? generated offshore?

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How critical is public funding How critical is public funding as a complementary activity to as a complementary activity to private funding? private funding?

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Do we get more private Do we get more private funding as a result of the funding as a result of the expanded basic knowledge expanded basic knowledge base which is generated by base which is generated by public investment? public investment?

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Should the allocation of public Should the allocation of public funding be based on concerns funding be based on concerns for commercial application or for commercial application or should it concentrate on should it concentrate on ‘ ‘basic basic’ ’ science and let the private science and let the private sector worry about what to sector worry about what to apply it to? apply it to?

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What is the role of the What is the role of the Universities versus the Universities versus the CRI s CRI s

  • Add the levy bodies

Add the levy bodies

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  • Universities

Universities

  • CRIs

CRIs

  • Levy Bodies

Levy Bodies

  • Industry

Industry

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The role of Science in New The role of Science in New Zealand Zealand’ ’s Innovative Future s Innovative Future

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The role of Science in New The role of Science in New Zealand Zealand’ ’s Innovative Future s Innovative Future It is the future It is the future

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Good things take time Good things take time

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Good things take time Good things take time and and Luck has nothing to do with it Luck has nothing to do with it

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Strategies for serendipity Strategies for serendipity

  • Build human infrastructure

Build human infrastructure

  • Support capable people

Support capable people

  • Encourage entrepreneurial and intelligent

Encourage entrepreneurial and intelligent culture culture

  • Create mechanisms for connections

Create mechanisms for connections

  • Be patient

Be patient

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Carpe diem Carpe diem