The Proba Small Satellites At ESA Technical Directorate SEMWO 2014 - - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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The Proba Small Satellites At ESA Technical Directorate SEMWO 2014 - Vilnius

K.Mellab / F. Teston Systems and Cost Engineering Division Directorate for Technical and Quality Management European Space Agency – ESTEC

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1.Introduction

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Small missions at ESA

Why are small missions important for ESA ?

• Small missions allow to test new space technologies and techniques
• They serve targeted scientific and operational applications
• They foster efforts of national industries in delivering a complete space system
• Small missions are small in size but real space missions in all extent requiring

high tech industry to achieve miniaturisation and performances

• They provide high visibility to a country
• The provide opportunities for creating links between industries of ESA member

states

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• 2. In Orbit Demonstration

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Why In Orbit Demonstration ?

• A number of European technologies in particular generic technologies and

techniques supporting industry competitiveness, require in orbit demonstration to achieve and demonstrate their maturity

• A number of mission concept require validation in space before being used in

applications and main stream missions e.g. Proba-1 BRDF concept, PARIS GNSS reflecto-metrie, Proba-3 formation flying, ….

• Demonstration of technologies in orbit up to TRL 9,
• Introduction of advanced engineering process like:
• integrated development,
• auto-code,

In Orbit Demonstration

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IOD Since 1987 at ESA:

Since the early General Support Technology Program (GSTP) days (1987), ESA has included In Orbit Demonstration in the program (TDP , TFO, …):

• More than 20 experiments/demonstrations have been performed on various

carrier of opportunity (GAS Space Shuttle, EUTEF on ISS, …),

• Missions based on small satellites have been performed and planned

(Sloshat/Flevo, PROBA”x”)

In orbit demonstration at ESA

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ESA Technology Programs:

ESA has several technology programs including:

• TRP Technology Research Program
• GSTP General Support Technology Program

They include a specific component for in orbit demonstration of technology -> GSTP-6 Element 3 and 4. It includes in orbit demonstration on small satellites.

Basic Support to Programmes and Industry Building Blocks IOD

Research & Development Context

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• 3. The ESA Proba’s Small Satellites

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PROBA 1 Development: 1998-2001 Mission: 2001 – still fully operational PROBA 2 Development: 2004-2008 Mission: Nov 2009 – still fully operational PROBA V Development: 2009-2012 Mission: 2013 – Still fully operational PROBA 3 – in preparation (CD) Mission: foreseen 2017 - …

PROBA missions

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Small technology demonstrator satellite for autonomous

• perations and Earth observation (launched in 2001)

Technology Demonstration / innovations:

• Autonomous on board flight dynamics

(position, attitude and maneuver determination)

• Avionics technology (ERC32, DSP

, 3D modules)

• Low cost autonomous star tracker
• Gyro-less maneuvering satellite
• Software methodology (auto coding and SVF)
• Battery technology (Li-ion)
• New instruments and sensor test (HRC, MRM,

PASS, SIPs)

• Common ground infrastructure (EGSE and

mission control centre)

• Ground segment automation
• Compact High Resolution Imaging Spectrometer

(CHRIS) – Hyper-spectral camera

PROBA 1

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• 1. PROBA – 1 carries a guest payload, the

Compact High Resolution Spectrometer (CHRIS)

• 2. CHRIS benefits from PROBA-1

technology features, autonomy, agility, precise AOCS

• 3. Exploited by EOP, PROBA-1 (ESA/PB-

EO(2008)14) provides data to a. 160 Cat I projects based on CHRIS b. 10 based on the HRC

PROBA 1

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Small technology demonstrator satellite for autonomous

• perations and Sun monitoring (launched in 2009)

Platform:

• advanced data and power management system based on LEON
• combined carbon-fibre and aluminium structural panels,
• new miniature reaction wheels
• Miniaturised star tracker
• COTS based GPS receivers

Technology Demonstrators:

• dual-frequency GPS receiver
• fibre-sensor system for temperatures and pressures
• APS based star-tracker (BepiColombo)
• New 3 axis magnetometers
• very high precision flux-gate magnetometer
• Solar panel with a solar flux concentrator
• solid-state nitrogen gas generator
• exploration micro-camera (X-CAM)

PROBA 2

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13

Payload:

• SWAP - Sun Watcher using APS detector

and image processing, based on new detector and providing high acquisition rate.

• LYRA - Lyman Alpha radiometer using a

new type of detector.

• DSLP - Dual Segmented Langmuir Probe

for plasma charging measurements

• TPMU - Thermal Plasma Measurement

Unit

• SGVM - Science Grade Vectorized

magnetometer (high accuracy)

• X-CAM - Miniaturised camera based on

MEMS and panoramic optics

PROBA 2

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PROBA 2

• PROBA-2 is first satellite of the Space Situational Awareness Programme.
• PROBA2 Science Centre is hosted at the Space Weather Center in Brussels

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PROBA 2 flies a new generation of miniaturised science instruments providing valuable and new scientific data (EUV at 17.5 nm). SWAP Sun Watcher using Active Pixel Sensor:

• low power (<10 Watt)
• Low Mass < 10kg
• Low volume (56x15x13 cm).
• New filter design/mounting concept,
• Use of APS sensor technology,
• Miniaturised electronics and near loss-less image compression, image selection,

automated detection of space weather events (flares, EIT waves, prominence/filament eruptions), autonomous flare tracking.

• High cadence imaging (1 per minute, 120x per 2 hours)

 Compared to its predecessor, SOHO EIT instrument

• Mass of about 18 kg
• Volume of about 35 x 30 x 120 cm
• Max. cadence 1 x image per 2 hours

Active Pixel Sensor

SWAP

SOHO EIT

PROBA 2

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PROBA V(egetation)

Small technology demonstrator satellite for autonomous and Vegetation Monitoring Launched May 2013

PROBA-V is a Gap Filler mission between SPOT-5 and Sentinel 3 to ensure continuity

• f 15 years of daily global vegetation monitoring.
• Monitoring of land use, land cover and its changes,
• Vegetation behavior due to strong meteorological events and to climatic changes
• Long term behavior of the vegetation
• Disaster management (draught, flood, fire)

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Proba-V is the PROBA-2 follow-on Vegetation Payload:

• Mutli-spectral imager:
• VNIR and SWIR detectors
• Wide angle TMA (2250 km)
• 2-Daily global earth coverage

5 Technologies Demonstration:

• GaN X band transmitter
• ADS-B (air traffic surveillance)
• Energetic Particle Telescope
• Miniaturized Radiation Monitoring device
• Fiber Connectivity

PROBA V

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Technological challenges

• From a payload of 160 kg / 150W to an instrument of 30kg / 30 W
• From a payload of 0.7x1x1 m to a full spacecraft of 0.7x0.7x0.8 m
• Very large field of view (102° so 2250 km on earth) with a compact

instrument using advanced new technologies. GSD from 1km to 100m NADIR

• Very short development time compared to normal space mission: start of

development Jan 2009 and launch May 2013.

SPOT Vegetation Instrument

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PROBA-V Images

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The mission requirements belong to two classes:

• Requirements associated to the formation flying (FF), the development of the

technology, the tools and facilities and utilisation of the techniques

• Requirements associated to the sun-coronagraph mission / payload.

The intention is to progress also in the utilisation of advanced techniques for System Engineering and Software Development and AIV. This is to be achieved by: Developing and deploying two high performance small satellites with the appropriate Formation Flying system and a sun coronagraph payload The challenge is also at system level: First FF mission (i.e. mission where relative position and attitude of all spacecraft are measured and controlled in a feedback loop and where spacecraft together perform the function of an otherwise unrealistically large/stable/quiet single spacecraft). Upgrade of small spacecraft platform to include FF functionalities. Status Phase CDE1 . Launch planned 2018-2019

The future - PROBA 3 – Formation Flying

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PROBA 3 – Formation Flying

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• Demonstration mission: Atmospheric Limb Tracker

for Investigation of the Upcoming Stratosphere

• Objective: Demonstration of imaging spectrometer

based on acousto-optical tunable filter (AOTF) devices in UV, VIS and NIR. Demonstration of small spacecraft agility and pointing stability

• Challenge: Monitoring of the upper atmosphere

with good vertical resolution.

Courtesy of JAXA ESA Don Qiuixote concept

Candidates – PROBA Next - ALTIUS

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• 4. Example of TFO’s

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24 Demonstration of AIS signal detection from space:  Verify signal environment  Receiver technology As a first step, reception of AIS signals from space is being demonstrated on Columbus, together with SDR and algorithms,

TFO - Maritime surveillance

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25

AIS

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TFO on small sat - ADS-B Air traffic

Proba-V ADS-B unit (Automatic Dependant Surveillance-Broadcast – from DLR) is meant to demonstrate the feasibility of a space based air traffic surveillance technique. Proba-V ADS-B prototype receiver has been activated since mid-May.

• First aircrafts’ acquisitions above Europe and Australia.
• Proba-V ADS-B is now continuously active and acquiring data, processed by the

SES ADS-B User Segment (L).

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Conclusion

Small satellites and IOD missions are actively implemented at ESA:

• In the GSTP 6 for in orbit demonstration of techniques and technology,
• In the operational Directorates (Science, Earth Observation, Telecommunications

Directorates) They allow access to space to SME companies, scientists, operational small missions,.. They allow companies to create industrial relationships. They allow to in orbit test new technologies up to TRL level 9 before being implemented into large ESA missions. They allow small and new comer countries to develop Space System capabilities in Europe.  Proba small satellites has demonstrated the benefits of flying scientific and

• perational missions in conjunctions with technology demonstration.

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Thank you for you attention

Contact: Frederic Teston, frederic.teston@esa.int