The physics The physics of AGN jets of AGN jets from 3D - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The physics The physics of AGN jets of AGN jets from 3D simulations from 3D simulations Salvatore Cielo Salvatore Cielo with: with: J. Silk (IAP|JHU) J. Silk (IAP|JHU) M. Volonteri (IAP) M. Volonteri (IAP) V. Antonuccio-Delogu (INAF) V. Antonuccio-Delogu (INAF) A. V. Macciò (NYU) A. V. Macciò (NYU)

B.W. Carroll, D.A. Ostlie B.W. Carroll, D.A. Ostlie Active Galactic Nuclei An introduction to modern astrophysics An introduction to modern astrophysics Brightest source! 10 Brightest source! 10 48 erg/s 48 erg/s SC SC PhD thesis PhD thesis Interesting for: Interesting for: ● MHD, GR MHD, GR ● BH accretion/growth BH accretion/growth Powered by SMBH Powered by SMBH ● UHE-CR (extragalactic) UHE-CR (extragalactic) unifjed model! unifjed model! ● high-z “fmashlights” high-z “fmashlights” ● … … feedback! feedback! 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo, IAP - , IAP - AGN Catania 2 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo 2

Chandra's on AGN Feedback Perseus cluster (from Fabian12) Radio Galaxy Cyg A Radio Galaxy Cyg A Radio Galaxy Cyg A Radio Galaxy Cyg A (nasa.gov) (nasa.gov) (nasa.gov) (nasa.gov) mechanical mechanical (jets, cavities) (jets, cavities) AGN everywhere! AGN everywhere! Radiative/wind Radiative/wind McConnell McConnell & Ma '13 & Ma '13 BH/gxy BH/gxy co-evolution. co-evolution. Artist's impression Artist's impression of a powerful QSO of a powerful QSO Is it feedback? Is it feedback? like APM 08279+5255 like APM 08279+5255 (nasa.gov) (nasa.gov) 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo, IAP - , IAP - AGN Catania 3 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo 3

AGN feedback in simulations 1/2 Launching In isolated halos Sadowsky+15 Sadowsky+15 (AU scale) (10-100 kpc) Gaspari + 13 Hawley, Fendt + 15 Li + 15 ● (GR)MHD jets from BH/disks ● Jets reproduce source shapes ● BZ/BP process; accretion ● “Gentler” winds create cyclic effjciency sets jets or winds. starforming cold gas phase 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo, IAP - , IAP - AGN Catania 4 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo 4

AGN feedback in simulations 2/2 Gxy formation and cosmology [ Mpc and more] SF is suppressed. Jet Feedback may be overcooling overcooling Negative Positive (e.g. Tortora + '09) (e.g. Gaibler+12 Bieri+15 ) Kannan + '14 AGN feedback avoids overcooling, though often subgrid. E.g. Sijacki+15, Dubois+14 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo, IAP - , IAP - AGN Catania 5 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo 5

Our Simulation Model DM + Hot Gas + Cold Clumps + Bipolar Jet DM Physics: hydro + gravity + radiative cooling Software: FLASH, Adaptive Mesh ~10 44 erg/s (75 pc res.) 5x10 6 K Geometry: multiple (up to 5) jet T.I.S. 10 4 K events, random angles galactic: few Myr break ~10 13 M sun Next: add stars stars. 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo, IAP - , IAP - AGN Catania 6 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo 6

Why fmipping jets? X-ray cavities in clusters x-shaped radio galaxies: Chandra's Chandra's Perseus “Halloween” Perseus “Halloween” ~ 150 kpc ~ 150 kpc Merritt + '02, Merritt + '02, ● constrain jet parameters Roberts + '15 Roberts + '15 (e.g. Guo + '14) ● SMBH spin fmip or backfmows ● multiple pairs 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo, IAP - , IAP - AGN Catania 7 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo 7

Cavities = hot air balloons Paris, 1783 Paris, 1783 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo, IAP - , IAP - AGN Catania 8 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo 8

Recap: with a single Jet (Cielo+14) 1. Bow shock region 1. Bow shock region develops develops 3. Jets open into 3. Jets open into 2. Turbulent “cocoon” 2. Turbulent “cocoon” “radio” lobes/bubbles “radio” lobes/bubbles (if jet stops) (if jet stops) 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo, IAP - , IAP - AGN Catania 9 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo 9

Many Jets! (in prep.) cold clumps cold clumps ● Stop jet for a bit Stop jet for a bit → → asymmetry asymmetry ● Compressed/heated Compressed/heated → + → +/ /- feedback - feedback “fmipped” jets fmipped” jets “ ● More More isotropic isotropic feedback feedback ● Trigger Trigger much much Density slice ~50 kpc Density slice ~50 kpc backfmow backfmow 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo, IAP - , IAP - AGN Catania 10 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo 10

Results: Results: cold cold gas mass gas mass Steady positive feedback Steady positive feedback BUT < 1% total < 1% total → quite dense! quite dense! BUT → 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo, IAP - , IAP - AGN Catania 11 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo 11

Results: cold gas compression 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo, IAP - , IAP - AGN Catania 12 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo 12

Results: cold gas compression 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo, IAP - , IAP - AGN Catania 13 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo 13

Results: outfmow velocity 10 Myr 28 Myr 10 Myr 28 Myr ● 75000 km/s jets 75000 km/s jets ● Mach 1 bow-shock Mach 1 bow-shock ● ~2000 km/s cocoon ~2000 km/s cocoon ● Mach 20 jets Mach 20 jets (by constr.) (by constr.) ● Is it Is it X-shaped X-shaped? (I'd say ? (I'd say yes yes) ) ● Is it fmip or Is it fmip or backfmow backfmow? ? → Need synchrotron maps! maps! → Need synchrotron 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo, IAP - , IAP - AGN Catania 17 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo 17

U.F.O.s (Do you believe?) Preliminary! Preliminary! ?? Tombesi+15 Tombesi+15 Cooling effjciency Important for cosm. simulations where this is all subgrid! Compton? Only above 10 10 K Costa+15 Costa+15 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo, IAP - , IAP - AGN Catania 18 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo 18

Results: backfmows (one jet) Sketch by V. Sketch by V. Potential fuel for Antonuccio Antonuccio the SMBH... (but accretion disk not resolved) Cielo+14 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo, IAP - , IAP - AGN Catania 19 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo 19

Results: backfmows (many jets) -1 Same rate of ~1 M ~1 M sun y -1 Same rate of sun y lasts 25 Myr 25 Myr instead of 1 instead of 1 lasts 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo, IAP - , IAP - AGN Catania 20 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo 20

Results: soft-xray images 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo, IAP - , IAP - AGN Catania 21 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo 21

Conclusions AGN jets ● produce enegy-conserving outfmows ● backfmows can shape galaxy Multiple jets ● reproduce multiple Xray cavities ● greatly enhance backfmows Thank you! Thank you! Our cold gas model ● is compressed → positive feedback ● is very dense! 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo, IAP - , IAP - AGN Catania 25 12 Nov 2015 Salvo Cielo 25