The Orbital Space Plane: The Orbital Space Plane: How Did We Get - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The Orbital Space Plane: The Orbital Space Plane: How Did We Get Here & Where How Did We Get Here & Where Are We Going? Are We Going?

July 21, 2003

• Dr. Samuel T. Durrance

• SLI &OSP

SLI &OSP

• Space Launch Initiative (SLI)

– Technology Risk Reduction – Shuttle Replacement RLV Decision

• Orbital Space Plane (OSP)

– NASA - Crew Return Vehicle for ISS (CRV) – DoD - Space Maneuvering Vehicle (SMV) – Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicles (EELV) Atlas V & Delta IV – New Space Transportation System OSP + EELV

• Loss of Columbia

– OSP Refocused

• OSP Mission Refocused

OSP Mission Refocused

• Crew Return Vehicle for ISS

– Provide one element of Station lifeboat system – Soyuz & Shuttle

• Crew Transfer Vehicle for ISS

– Support normal Station crew rotation – Support Station logistics – Soyuz & Shuttle

• Space Transportation &

Orbital Operations (non-ISS)

• Development of Human

Exploration Beyond Earth Orbit

• OSP CRV & CTV

OSP CRV & CTV

• Provide emergency ISS crew return for up to 5

crew (CRV)

– Separation & de-orbit anytime, anywhere – Definitive medical care within 24 hours

• Provide access to space with maximum crew

safety above all other considerations such as advancing technology (CTV)

– Robust abort capability available in all phases of flight

• System availability as soon as possible (by 2007)

– To support ISS scientific research

• System design should emphasize simplicity in

both flight & ground operation

• Simple Design using Atlas & Delta

Simple Design using Atlas & Delta

• Level of reusability should be determined by

design for simplicity and overall cost

• Use the Atlas V & Delta IV launch vehicles

(possibly others)

• Use an evolutionary approach to overall mission
• bjectives

– CTV CRV Logistics Support Human Exploration

• Use currently available technology wherever

possible

• Launch, On

Launch, On-

• orbit, Reentry & Landing
• rbit, Reentry & Landing

What is the optimum shape of a space vehicle for various mission phases?

• Launch Phase

Aerodynamic fairing or nosecone shape for an EELV launch Blunt or flattened bottom for parachute and water/land recovery

• On-Orbit Phase

Docking port in front for rendezvous and docking Service module & cargo module not constrained (cylindrical)

• Reentry & Landing Phase

Blunt or lifting body shape for reentry High L/D for extending cross-range Winged shape for landing

• OSP System Architecture

OSP System Architecture

• Apollo Command Module

meets the requirements of the CRV (modified for 1 atm)

• Addition of a small service

module meets the CTV requirements

• Can be launched on Atlas or

Delta

• A larger logistics module can

be added with or without its

• wn service module & heat

shield

OSP Mission Requirements argue for a “Capsule” Type System: robust abort capability; can land anytime, anywhere; design simplicity

• Design for Reusability

Design for Reusability

• Reuse Apollo design and

systems wherever possible

• Reuse of structure (or not)

to be determined by cost

• Commercial off the shelf

avionics should be used wherever possible

• Crew Systems compatible

with Shuttle and Station

• Modular Line Replaceable

Units (LRU) wherever possible

• Ground Operations

Ground Operations

Make maximum use of launch and payload processing capability present at the Cape Canaveral Spaceport

• Use existing facilities at

KSC for the assembly & integration of the new vehicle if possible

• Establish a recovery,

refurbishment, & assembly line at KSC

• Try to minimize changes

needed in the Atlas & Delta launch processing flows to accommodate crew ingress

Thank You Thank You