The Mu2e Solenoids Physics Goals and Why its important to Fermilab - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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The Mu2e Solenoids Physics Goals and Why its important to Fermilab - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Sep 10, 2022 384 likes •648 views

The Mu2e Solenoids Physics Goals and Why its important to Fermilab and HEP How the Experiment Works Baseline Solenoid Design SRF involvement in Mu2e Solenoids Schedule Michael Lamm SRF Department for the Mu2e Collaboration

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SLIDE 1

The Mu2e Solenoids

Michael Lamm for the Mu2e Collaboration SRF Department January 14, 2013

  • Physics Goals and Why it’s important to Fermilab and HEP
  • How the Experiment Works
  • Baseline Solenoid Design
  • SRF involvement in Mu2e Solenoids
  • Schedule

1

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SLIDE 2

1/14/2013 Mu2e Solenoids 2

What is Mu2e and why do it?

  • Look for Charged Lepton Flavor Violation
  • Measure the Rare Process: - + N  e- + N

relative to garden variety - + N  nuclear capture → It will be world class experiment in the “Intensity Frontier”

  • Single particle sensitivity goal of 10-17 : 4 orders of magnitude improvement
  • Judged by P5 Committee to be a high priority for Fermilab and US HEP

→ …either with or without a signal….

  • WITH: Indicate new physics beyond the “standard model”
  • WITHOUT: Put severe limits on theories beyond the standard model
  • It will compliment LHC Direct Observation Experiments

→ Timing is right to do it….(Experiment will run ~2020)

  • After the Tevatron is shut off….before Project X
  • Required accelerator resources compliment other Intensity Frontier experiments
  • It has a future: Knowledge learned will go into Project X era experiment

→ Technically Challenging but very do-able

  • Very interesting project for scientists and engineers
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SLIDE 3

1/14/2013 Mu2e Solenoids 3

Direct vs. Indirect Measurement

– Indirect Measurement – Infer mass or existence of a particle by measuring reactions – Involves connection to theory – Example Beta decay of Neutron

Process involves exchange of virtual W- W is involved in the process even though mass is x100 larger than P or n

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SLIDE 4

1/14/2013 Mu2e Solenoids 4

Direct vs. Indirect Measurement

– Example II – The ratio of the W/Z mass can be inferred by measuring the relative rate +N+X vs. +N+X because the former involves a virtual W with the other by a virtual Z

    Through the standard model, Rexp related in a straight-forward way to MZ/MW : Rnc/Rcc~ ½- ½sin2(w), MZ/MW = 1/cos(w)

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SLIDE 5

1/14/2013 Mu2e Solenoids 5

Mu2e:Indirect measurement experiment

e

Virtual  mixing

W

  • Because of neutrino oscillations, we know that lepton flavor can be

violated for neutral leptons  charged leptons flavor violation is possible

  • Possible ways to observe this:

If  is real :   e  If  is virtual:  +P e P Draw all possible “legal” Feynman diagrams using standard model virtual particles (W, ,e..) After calculate conclude: rate is very very small O(-50) NEVER SEE IT  can be real

  • r virtual
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SLIDE 6

1/14/2013 Mu2e Solenoids 6

Theorists step in….

  • There are numerous theories which predict the existence
  • f: excited higher mass W, Z states, lepto-quarks,

composite particles...etc

  • One can calculate a probability of this to occur….

? ? ?

 e ? N N

  • The more channels  increased probably of occurring
  • Essentially all models in play predict interactions within

the range of Mu2e experiment reach

  • Some of these ? particles may be beyond the reach of LHC
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SLIDE 7

1/14/2013 Mu2e Solenoids 7

Lepton Flavor Violating Experiments

Goal:4 orders of magnitude more sensitivity than best present experiment

  • Mu2e

~ 2020

  • MEG II

2012

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SLIDE 8

1/14/2013 Mu2e Solenoids 8

Mu2e Strategy ( +P e P)

 105 MeV e-

– Start with high intensity, 100ns wide pulse of 8 GeV protons – Create a beam of high intensity, low momentum “in time” muons – Beam is full of “ in time” junk (pions, muons and electrons….) – Stop muons in aluminum target: form muonic atom – - can be captured in a nucleus just like an electron – Take advantage of muon life in atom to reduce background – Turn off the experiment to allow other particles in the muon beam (including a lot of background electrons…) to blow past detector – Turn experiment on, detect the electrons from target Note: experiment cannot tolerate out of time particles

  • Protons in between bunches
  • Muons that get lost in the transport
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SLIDE 9

1/14/2013 Mu2e Solenoids 9

Mu2e Strategy (II)

– Once muon is captured in nucleus…most of the time either decays in orbit or normal muon capture – Our reaction - + N  e- + N is kinematically constrained to produce mono-energetic electrons of ~105 MeV (distinct signal from backgrounds)

Computer Simulation in Detector

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SLIDE 10

Dominant Signal Background

  • Rate approaches conversion

(endpoint) energy as (Es-E)5

  • If detector meets resolution

specs, we should be able to see a signal at the 10-16 level

10

N

e

e

Decay in orbit followed by nuclear recoil Background X20

1/14/2013 Mu2e Solenoids

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SLIDE 11

8 meters

Three Solenoids for Mu2e

8 GeV P

  • Production Solenoid (PS)
  • 8 GeV P hit target.

Reflect and focus /’s into muon transport

  • Strong Axial

Gradient Solenoid Field

24 meters

  • Detector Solenoid (DS)
  • Graded field to collect conv. e-
  • Uniform field for e- Spectrometer
  • Sign/momentum Selection
  • Negative Axial Gradient in straight sections to

suppress trapped particles

  • Transport Solenoid

(TSu,TSd)

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SLIDE 12

Solenoids and Supporting

Infrastructure

  • Field Mapping
  • Ancillary Equipment
  • Installation and commissioning

12

  • Production Solenoid (PS)
  • Transport Solenoid (TSu,TSd)
  • Detector Solenoid (DS)
  • Cryogenic Distribution
  • Power Supply/Quench Protection
  • Cryoplant (off project)

1/14/2013 Mu2e Solenoids

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SLIDE 13

1/14/2013 Mu2e Solenoids 13

Procurement Strategy

  • PS and DS will be built in industry

– Final engineering design done by industry based on detailed requirements and specifications and reference design

– We have already completed RFI with industry based on our preliminary specifications and reference design reports

  • Cost and schedules are consistent with our independent estimates
  • TS will be designed/built “in house”

– Cryostat, mechanical supports built by outside vendors – Coils wound in-house or industry – Final assemble and test at Fermilab

  • Cryo Distribution similar to TS

– Near final design in house – Feed box frames and components built in industry, final assembly in House

  • Recycle TeV HTS leads, Satellite Refrigerators
  • Power converters, quench protection electronics etc.

purchased from industry whenever possible

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SLIDE 14

Features:

– 1.6 m aperture, 4 m long – 3 coils “3-2-2” layers – High strength aluminum

stabilized NbTi conductor (similar to ATLAS Central Solenoid)

– Aluminum outer support

shells

– Thermal Siphon Cooling – Mechanically supports Heat

and Radiation Shield (HRS)

Production Solenoid Concept

4.6T 2.5 T Axial Gradient

14 Mu2e Solenoids 1/14/2013

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SLIDE 15

Transport Solenoid

TS1 TS2 TS4 TS5

  • Two cryostats: TSU, TSD
  • TS3:  TS3U, TS3D.

Wider coils to compensate for gap

Rotatable Collimator, P-bar window

  • Coil fabrication similar

to MRI coils

15

  • TS1,TS3,TS5: Straight sections with

axial gradient

  • TS2/TS4: approximate toroidal field
  • Accomplished by 55 solenoid rings of

different amp-turns TS3

Mu2e Solenoids 1/14/2013

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SLIDE 16

Detector Solenoid Concept

Mu2e Solenoids 16

Gradient Section Spectrometer Section

– 1.8 m aperture , 10 m long, operating current ~6kA – 11 coils in total

  • Axial spacers in Gradient Section
  • Spectrometer section made in 3 sections to simplify fabrication and reduce cost

– Coil fabrication similar to PS

  • Aluminum Stabilizer NbTi
  • Outer aluminum support structure for each coil sized for expected hoop stress

1/14/2013

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SLIDE 17

1/14/2013 Mu2e Solenoids 17

Areas where SRF is contributing

  • Most of the Solenoid development work is taking place in

the Technical Division

– 25 FTE’s in FY2013, over 70 people working spend some fraction of time on this project!

  • Important work involving SRF Department staff

– Cryogenic Distribution – Cryostat design – Test facility support – Mechanical Integration

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SLIDE 18

Cryogenic Distribution

  • Tom Peterson is L3 manager

for Cryo distribution

– Jeff Brandt, Nandhini Dhanaraj….

– Feedbox design – SC distribution lines – Cryogenics interface to cryoplant

1/14/2013 Mu2e Solenoids 18

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SLIDE 19

Thermosiphon Studies for Transport Solenoid

Helium Gas Return Pipe Inlet pipe – liquid helium Siphon Tubes PS End

Nandhini Dhanaraj

Goal:

  • Compare Thermal siphon to Forced flow
  • Determine pipe sizes and locations
  • Refine estimate of cryogen usage

Still to come:

Apply similar analysis to PS and DS

1/14/2013 Mu2e Solenoids 19

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SLIDE 20

1/14/2013 20

Cryostat Design for the large solenoids Primary responsibility for production solenoid cryostat and cryostat support Part of collaboration with Bob Wand and Dan Evbota on the transport solenoid cryostat and mechanical supports

  • T. Nicol

Production Solenoid Transport Solenoid

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SLIDE 21

Mechanical Design of Mu2e Test Coil

Square shape cooling channels Clamp plank

  • V. Poloubotko

Test coil from Toshiba comes without cooling system. Ongoing work to design practical coiling channel layout and mechanical support

1/14/2013 Mu2e Solenoids 21

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SLIDE 22

1/14/2013 Mu2e Solenoids 22

Schedule

  • FY13 is a critical time for Mu2e Solenoids
  • Solenoids are on the critical path for the entire project
  • To keep the project on schedule we must:
  • Spring-Early Summer 2013 Complete Preliminary

Design of ALL solenoid systems include FINAL interface documents

  • Summer-Fall 2013 Design Review
  • Fall 2013-Winter 2014: Award contracts for the final

design of PS and DS

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SLIDE 23

1/14/2013 23

Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

CD-1 CD-3 CD-3a CD-2/3b CD-4

Detector Hall Design

Superconductor R&D

Detector Construction Accelerator and Beamline Solenoid Infrastructure Solenoid Installation

Field Mapping Field Mapping Field Mapping Install Detector Install Detector Install Detector

Common Projects g-2 Commissioning/Running

Fabricate and QA Superconductor

Final Design of Solenoids

Solenoid Fabrication and QA

Site work/Detector Hall Construction

Most Recent Mu2edSchedule

FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16 FY17 FY18 FY19 FY20

Preliminary Design

  • f Solenoids

Mu2e Solenoids

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SLIDE 24

Critical Path

1/14/2013 24

Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16 FY17 FY18 FY19 FY20 CD-1 CD-3a CD-3 CD-2/3b CD-4

DS Preliminary Design DS Final Design DS Fabrication/QA DS Installation Solenoid Commissioning Button up PS

Critical path runs through Detector Solenoid, other solenoids fall are only a few months behind

Mu2e Solenoids

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SLIDE 25

Summary

  • Exciting time for Mu2e Project! FY13 is critical
  • SRF Department is playing an important role

– Long term and effort “bump” in FY13

  • Your help is essential to keeping Mu2e on track
  • Need to complete preliminary design and final

interface drawings for a long list of deliverables:

– Cryogenic feedboxes, cryogenic links, cryostat design, cryogenic schemes for all solenoids, inter- and intra- mechanical interfaces – Test support as appropriate to validate preliminary design

Mu2e Solenoids 25 1/14/2013