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The MD Course, the Volta Experiment, and Other Stuff Steve Zinder - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
The MD Course, the Volta Experiment, and Other Stuff Steve Zinder - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
The MD Course, the Volta Experiment, and Other Stuff Steve Zinder Microbial Diversity June 12, 2013 Ralph Wolfe June 11, 2012 at Cedar Swamp collecting gas for the Pistola di Volta Holger W. Jannasch 1927-1998 1997 1977 C. B. van Niel
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Holger W. Jannasch 1927-1998
1997 1977
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- C. B. van Niel (1897-1985)
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Antony van Leeuwenhoek
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Martinus Beijerinck (1851-1931)
Root nodules prepared by Beijerinck and preserved in alcohol
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Sergei Winogradsky 1856 -1953
With Selman Waksman 1933 Beggiatoa with So granules
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- A. J. Kluyver and van Niel
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General Microbiology Summer Course Hopkins Marine Station, Pacific Grove, CA 1932-1962
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MD Course 1973 Directors: Jannasch + Wolfe & Leadbetter
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MD 1981 Director: Harlyn Halvorson
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MD 1985 Directors: Ralph Wolfe and Pete Greenberg
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MD 1993 Directors: John Breznak and Marty Dworkin
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MD 1997 Directors: Ed Leadbetter and Abigail Salyers
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MD 2002 Directors: Carrie Harwood and Alfred Spormann
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MD 2006 Directors: Bill Metcalf and Tom Schmidt
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MD 40th Anniversary 2011 - Directors
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MD 40th Anniversary 2011 - Faculty
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The future: 2014-
Dianne Newman Jared Leadbetter
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Leadbetter II Newman 2014- Winogradsky
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Wolfe’s Laws of Academic Research
- First Law
Unpublished data do not improve with time.
- Second Law
If you are first on the scene, it is easy to make discoveries.
- Third Law
The emotion generated in scientific discussion increases proportionally with the softness of the data being discussed.
- Fourth Law
If you join a parade, you become one of the marchers.
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Wolfe’s Laws of Academic Research
- Fifth Law
They who skate on thin ice must skate fast.
- Sixth Law
Never stop in the middle of an experiment.
- Wolfe’s Last Law
Each new brick in the wall of knowledge will withstand the weight of all future knowledge only if it is the full truth.
- Another Wolfe saying after winning the ASM Carski
undergraduate teaching award in 1971 Research and teaching are like oars on a boat, you need to pull with each to follow a straight course (paraphrase)
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Alessandro Volta 1745-1827
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Flammable air
- Ben Franklin wrote 1n 1774 to Joseph Priestly: “When I passed through
New Jersey in 1764, I heard it several times mentioned that, by applying a lighted candle near the surface of some of their rivers, a sudden flame would catch and spread on the water....New Jersey having many pine- trees in many parts of it, I imagined that something like a volatile oil of turpentine might be mixed with the waters from a pine-swamp. but this supposition did not satisfy me…”
- Thomas Paine wrote that in 1783 George Washington tested this
flammability on the Millstone river in NJ, having his soldiers disturb the sediments with poles and he “set the river on fire” with a torch John Dalton (1766-1844) collecting marsh gas. From: Parkes, Nature 401:217 (1999).
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Volta - 1776
Woodcut accompanying a collection of Volta’s letters showing him collecting gas
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Original Wolfe
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1787 – Lavoisier: “hydrogenium carbonatrum”
Carbon flow to methane –
- e. g. Cedar Swamp
Volume of pistola ≈ 400 ml How much CH4 should I add?
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- R. Wolfe & S. Zinder – Pistola 2011
Carie Frantz- ‘09 Student, ‘11 TA
.. as the movie shows, we are really a couple of
- clowns. Thank you.----Ralph (email from 12/12/2011)