The main Injector Particle Production Experiment (MIPP) at Fermilab - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The main Injector Particle Production Experiment (MIPP) at Fermilab –Status and plans Rajendran Raja Fermilab • Review Status of MIPP – E907- Took data till 2006 --18 million events– Analysis status • Physics case for MIPP-Non perturbative QCD, scaling laws, missing baryon resonances • Review the status of hadronic shower simulation models » Status of particle production data • Difficulties in using shower simulation models in experiments such as MINOS, MiniBoone, Atmospheric neutrino production , muon collider neutrino factory particle production, Project X kaon production, mu2e expt fluxes all have a common source.—our lack of knowledge of the strong interaction /non-perturbative QCD • Review status of MIPP Upgrade Proposal FNAL-P960 » to obtain much higher statistics/quality data -- Deferred till we publish • Ways to use new data directly in simulators—Hadronic Interaction libraries • Conclusions January 2008 Rajendran Raja, MIPP European seminars 1

MIPP I–E907-collaboration list Y. Fisyak Brookhaven National Laboratory R. Winston EFI, University of Chicago R.J.Peterson University of Colorado, Boulder, E.Swallow Elmhurst College and EFI W.Baker,D.Carey,J.Hylen, C.Johnstone,M.Kostin, H.Meyer, N.Mokhov, A.Para, R.Raja,S. Striganov Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory G. Feldman, A.Lebedev, S.Seun Harvard University P.Hanlet, O.Kamaev,D.Kaplan, H.Rubin,N.Solomey,Y.Torun Illinois Institute of Technology U.Akgun,G.Aydin,F.Duru,E.Gülmez,Y.Gunaydin,Y.Onel, A.Penzo University of Iowa N.Graf, M. Messier,J.Paley Indiana University P.D.BarnesJr.,E.Hartouni,M.Heffner,J.Klay,D.Lange,R.Soltz, D.Wright Lawrence Livermore Laboratory R.L.Abrams,H.R.Gustafson,M.Longo, T.Nigmanov,H-K.Park, D.Rajaram University of Michigan A.Bujak, L.Gutay,D.E.Miller Purdue University T.Bergfeld,A.Godley,S.R.Mishra,C.Rosenfeld,K.Wu University of South Carolina C.Dukes,L.C.Lu,C.Maternick,K.Nelson,A.Norman University of Virginia January 2008 Rajendran Raja, MIPP European seminars 2

Brief Description of Experiment • Approved November 2001 • Situated in Meson Center 7 • Uses 120GeV Main Injector Primary protons to produce secondary beams of π ± K ± p ± from 5 GeV/c to 85 GeV/c to measure particle production cross sections of various nuclei including hydrogen. • Using a TPC we measure momenta of ~all charged particles produced in the interaction and identify the charged particles in the final state using a combination of dE/dx, ToF, differential Cherenkov and RICH technologies. • Open Geometry- Lower systematics. TPC gives high statistics. Existing data poor quality. • First Physics run- 18 million events 2005. Ended Feb 2006– Analyzing data • Physics Case for E907 and P960 January 2008 Rajendran Raja, MIPP European seminars 3

We have a theory of the strong interaction—in theory • Why study non-perturbative QCD? Answer:- We do not know how to calculate a single cross section in non-perturbative QCD! This is >99% of the total QCD cross section. Perturbative QCD has made impressive progress. But it relies on structure functions for its calculations, which are non-perturbative and derived from data. • Feynman scaling, KNO scaling, rapidity plateaus are all violated. We cannot predict elastic cross sections, diffractive cross sections, let alone inclusive or semi-inclusive processes. Regge “theory” is in fact a phenomenology whose predictions are flexible and can be easily altered by adding more trajectories. • Most existing data are old, low statistics with poor particle id. • QCD theorist states- We have a theory of the strong interaction and it is quantum chromodynamics. Experimentalist asks– what does QCD predict? One finds that we can only use the theory where the strong interaction becomes weak! • We have declared this physics as “uninteresting” for ~ 30 years and hence our problems with systematics in every experiment where the strong interaction is either the signal or the background. January 2008 Rajendran Raja, MIPP European seminars 4

General scaling law of particle fragmentation • States that the ratio of a semi-inclusive cross section to an inclusive cross section + → + 2 f a ( b c X ) f ( M , , ) s t ≡ = β subset subset 2 ( ) M + → + 2 subset f a ( b c X ) f M ( , , ) s t • where M 2 ,s and t are the Mandelstam variables for the missing mass squared, CMS energy squared and the momentum transfer squared between the particles a and c. PRD18(1978)204. • Using EHS data, we have tested and verified the law in 12 reactions (DPF92) but only at fixed s. • MIPP will in principle test this in 36 reactions. MIPP upgrade can extend these scaling relation tests to two particle inclusive reactions which requires more statistics. January 2008 Rajendran Raja, MIPP European seminars 5

Scaling Law σ → = 2 2 ( abc X ) F ( M , s , t ) D ( M ) X σ → = 2 2 ( ) ( , , ) ( ) abc X F M s t D M s X s σ → 2 2 F ( M , s , t ) D ( M ) ( abc X ) = = α X 2 sub ( ) sub M σ → sub 2 2 ( abc X ) F ( M , s , t ) D ( M ) X Continuing on to physical t values, one gets → + f ( ab c X ) = α 2 sub ( M ) → + sub f ( ab c X ) Essentially, it states that semi-inclusive cross sections are not all independent but are connected by these relations. January 2008 Rajendran Raja, MIPP European seminars 6

Scaling Law-EHS results January 2008 Rajendran Raja, MIPP European seminars 7

Other physics interests GSI Darmstadt/ KVI are High Multiplicity excess due to interested in measuring anti- Bose- Einstein effects in pion proton cross sections for emission? helping them design the PANDA detector better. Nuclear physics- y scaling, propagation of strangeness through nuclei. Measure spallation products. Measure particle production off targets such as mercury, tanalum for neutrino factory/muon collider January 2008 Rajendran Raja, MIPP European seminars 8

Hadronic Shower Simulation problem • All neutrino flux problems (NUMI, MiniBoone, K2K, T2K,Nova, Minerva) and all Calorimeter design problems and all Jet energy scale systematics (not including jet definition ambiguities here) can be reduced to one problem- the current state of hadronic shower simulators. January 2008 Rajendran Raja, MIPP European seminars 9

Missing baryon Resonances • Partial wave analyses of π N scattering have yielded some of the most reliable information of masses, total widths and π N branching fractions. In order to determine couplings to other channels, it is necessary to study in elastics such as − − + − − π → η π → π π π → Λ 0 p n ; p n ; p K + + − γ → π γ → Λ γ → π π 0 p p ; p K ; p p • All of the known baryon resonances can be described by quark-diquark states. Quark models predict a much richer spectrum. Where are the missing resonances? F.Wilczek, A. Selem • “.. this could form the quantitative foundation for an effective theory of hadrons based on flux tubes ”– F.Wilczek January 2008 Rajendran Raja, MIPP European seminars 10

Data Taken In current run Data Summary Acquired Data by Target and Beam Energy Number of events, x 10 6 27 February 2006 Target E Total Trigger Z Element 5 20 35 40 55 60 65 85 120 Mix Empty 1 0.10 0.14 0.52 0.25 Normal 1.01 K Mass 2 0 No Int. 5.48 0.50 7.39 0.96 14.33 Empty LH 1 0.61 Normal 0.30 0.31 7.08 1 LH Normal 0.21 1.94 1.98 1.73 1.08 p only 4 Be 1.75 Normal 0.10 0.56 C Mixed 0.21 1.33 6 C 2% Mixed 0.39 0.26 0.47 NuMI p only 1.78 1.78 13 Al Normal 0.10 0.10 p only 1.05 83 Bi 2.83 Normal 0.52 1.26 92 U Normal 1.18 1.18 Total 0.21 2.73 0.86 5.48 0.50 13.97 0.96 2.04 4.63 31.38 January 2008 Rajendran Raja, MIPP European seminars 11

MIPP Secondary Beam Installed in 2003. Excellent performance. Ran it successfully in MIPP from 5- 85 GeV/c secondaries and 120 GeV/c primary protons. Excellent particle ID capabilities using 2 Beam Cerenkovs. For low momenta (<~10 GeV/c) ToF is used for pid. Design principles and lessons learned used in M-test upgrade. January 2008 Rajendran Raja, MIPP European seminars 12

MIPP Main Injector Particle Production Experiment (FNAL-E907) Time of Flight TPC Chambers Jolly Green Giant MIPP Cerenkov Main Injector Particle Production Experiment (FNAL-E907) Vertical cut plane Rosie RICH TPC Time of Flight Chambers EM shower detector Neutron Calorimeter Cerenkov Rosie Neutron Calorimeter Jolly Green Giant RICH January 2008 Rajendran Raja, MIPP European seminars 13

Installation in progress- Collision Hall January 2008 Rajendran Raja, MIPP European seminars 14

TPC • January 2008 Rajendran Raja, MIPP European seminars 15

RICH rings pattern recognized January 2008 Rajendran Raja, MIPP European seminars 16