The Greenest Little Schools in the Midwest And what we can do to - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The Greenest Little Schools in the Midwest

And what we can do to get there…

Kristine Chalifoux, AIA

Smart Energy Design Assistance Center

Green Schools Checklist

Energy use, Solid waste generation, Indoor air quality, Mold growth, Pest management, Water consumption, Building renovation and construction, Recycling, Purchasing.

What are ‘Green Schools’?

Economically efficient Promotes occupant well being Responsive to the environment Pedagogical opportunities Energy efficient schools do no take away

from safety, health, security, or comfort

Why save energy?

If total annual gas and

electric costs = $1.6M

10% energy savings =

$160,000

Roughly enough to hire three

new teachers, buy 300 new computers or purchase 7,000 new textbooks.

This is money we can’t afford

to leave on the table (or in the utility’s coffers)!

Building Codes and Beyond

Illinois Energy Conservation

Code 2009

–

ASHRAE 90.1 2007

–

International Energy Conservation Code 2009

ASHRAE Advanced Energy

Design Guides

–

30% less energy than ASHRAE 90.1 1999

–

50% and Zero-energy buildings in the works.

Download free from ASHRAE

Why is energy wasted?

Some problems are invisible Users are not aware of the significance People don’t know what to do There is conflicting information Sometimes it’s not easy or convenient We don’t always remember that many little

steps add up to big savings

Benchmark (is it a Hog?)

Use your energy bills to estimate: $/sf per year

(quick and dirty, but use with caution)

– < $1/sf = good – $1 to $2/sf = fair to slightly poor (typical) – $2 to $3/sf = probably room for improvement – >$3/sf = oink (unless there is a process)

kBtu/sf per year

– More accurate than dollar metric – Use ENERGY STAR TargetFinder

Illinois School Benchmarks (K-12)

$‐ $0.50 $1.00 $1.50 $2.00 $2.50 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 1 ‐ Elem 2 ‐ HS 3 ‐ Elem 4 ‐ Elem 5 ‐ Elem 6 ‐ Elem 7 ‐ HS 8 ‐ Elem 9 ‐ HS 10 ‐ HS 11 ‐ Elem 12 ‐ Elem 13 ‐ Elem 14 ‐ HS 15 ‐ Elem 16 ‐ Elem 17 ‐ MS 18 ‐ Elem 19 ‐ Elem 20 ‐ Elem 21 ‐ HS 22 ‐ Elem 23 ‐ Elem 24 ‐ Admin 25 ‐ Admin 26 ‐ Elem 27 ‐ MS 28 ‐ HS 29 ‐ Elem 30 ‐ Elem 31 ‐ Elem $/sf kBtu/sf‐yr

K‐12 School Energy Use Intensities

kBtu/sf from gas kBtu/sf from electricity $/sf

How Schools Use Energy

Building Envelope (Walls, Roof, Windows, Floors) Lighting Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Internal and Process Loads (cooking, hot water,

swimming pools, laboratories, food service, etc.)

Typical ECRMs

– Envelope Insulation and windows – Lighting – LED exit signs – HVAC upgrades

Increase Envelope R-Values

Insulate Walls to at least R-13

+ R-7.5 c.i.

Insulate Roofs to at least R-

20, Attics to R-38.

Floors over unconditioned

spaces to R-30.

These are code minimums. Highly Efficient Buildings will

have values which exceed these.

Window / Door Characteristics

Install efficient windows in new

construction and replacements

Air seal older windows Maintain window and door weather-

stripping

Window Rules-of-Thumb

Co ld Climate Mixe d Climate Ho t Climate U

• Value

<0.35 all c limate s: lo w U no t quite as impo rtant in ho t c limate s VT

>60% >50% >50%

SHGC >0.40 0.40 <0.40 Spac e r warm-e dge spac e rs fo r all c limate s F rame T he rmally bro ke n frame s fo r all c limate s Air L e akage <0.30 c fm/ sf fo r all c limate s

Air Sealing

Just as important in a school

as it is in your home – maybe even more!

Wind and Stack effects are

greater in multi story buildings.

Warm air rises, sucking

more air in low while it pushes air out high.

HVAC Systems

Install efficient (>92%) boilers and furnaces Install efficient (EER 11.5+) cooling systems Install demand control ventilation Direct digital controls Radiator valves Commission/Retrocommission

Programmable Thermostats

They work when you use them.

Set Heating to 68 F, set-back to

at least 60 during unoccupied

• periods. Let condensation be

your guide.

Set cooling to 74, set-up to 80

during unoccupied periods. Developing morning recovery schedule based on demand charges or system capacity.

Work with recovery times to

determine best fit for your building and system.

Lighting

Lighting Power Density

1.2W/sf maximum.

Use T5 (new) or high efficiency T8s (retrofit) Direct/Indirect lighting helps reduce LPD Combine with daylighting wherever possible Add controls to allow for lower light levels

where possible.

Replace high-bay metal halides with

fluorescents

Occupancy Sensors

Use them for:

– Classrooms – Offices – Restroom lighting – Storage Areas – Mechanical Rooms

Get creative – use for HVAC in individual

rooms or zones.

Manage Plug Loads

12:00

Screen savers save no energy! Personal Occupancy Sensor Know what can be turned off Phantom loads Kill-A-Watt meter

– Great for classes!

Vending Energy Management

Install vending Energy

Management systems on all drink and snack vending machines.

Rebates are available of

$100 per beverage machine and $30 per snack machine (which cost $79 each)

LED Exit Signs

Payback is quick Rebates available Very basic lighting

energy savings measure

Chicago approved Change from

incandescent at >28W to LED at <2 W

Street and Parking Lot Lighting

Probe Start HID to

Pulse Start HID a typical retrofit.

Fluorescent Induction,

and LEDs making moves into market

Recycling

Do you really need it? Can you reuse it? Can you recycle it?

– Solid waste recycling – E-waste recycling – Food Scrap composting – Freecycle

Illinois Zero Waste Schools Grant Program

(application deadline is 1/29/2010)

Indoor Air Quality and Mold

Adhere to Illinois Green Clean guidelines New construction/renovations – install only

low VOC materials

Fresh air (too much vs too little) Limit moisture

Water Savings

Saves water and energy costs Faucet Aerators Low Flow Shower Heads Low Flow Water Closets Low Flow Urinals Reduced cooling loads reduce cooling tower

water usage

Eliminate once-through cooling systems

where possible

Water Saving Fixture Data

Fixture Type EPAct 1992 Usage Limit Water Efficient Fixture Water Closet 1.6 GPF 1.1 to 0.8 GPF Urinal 1.0 GPF 0.5 to 0.0 GPF Faucet 2.5 GPM 1.8 to 0.5 GPM Shower 2.5 GPM 1.8 GPM Irrigation ? Use water efficient plants

Transportation

Energy efficiency busses Reduce idling Bus routing adjustments

Grounds

Minimize chemical fertilizer Plant native species requiring no watering Use conservative watering schedule Lawn mowing, leaf blowing and trimming

create more pollution that cars used for the same period of time. Consider alternatives.

Install a green roof Use permeable paving Incorporate swales

‘No-Cost’ Strategies

Benchmark Schools Establish a recognition program Assign Responsibility Control classroom thermostats Turn off lighting Establish a plug load plan Keep windows and doors closed when HVAC

is on

Savings from 10 – 15%

Pedagogical Approach

Use as an opportunity to teach

about energy and sustainability

Start an environmental club Get students involved Develop support from students to help

change habits

Reward students and staff for saving Change behavior (can save about 10% of

utility bills)

LEED for Schools

New / Existing Construction

–

Sustainable Sites

–

Water Efficiency

–

Energy and Atmosphere

–

Materials and Resources

–

Indoor Environmental Quality

Changes from NC v3

–

Site Master Plan

–

Joint use of facilities

–

Enhanced Acoustics

–

Mold Prevention

–

School as a teaching tool

Illinois Green Schools Programs

Clean school bus program Green Cleaning Schools Act Illinois Sustainable School Compact Energy Performance Contracting Program Illinois Resource Guide for Healthy, High

Performing School Buildings.

Neighborhood Schools & School Siting Grant

Project

Funding Opportunities

DCEO (www.illinoisbiz.biz/dceo/bureaus/Energy _Recycling)

–

Illinois Public Sector Electric Efficiency program

–

Recycling and Waste

–

Food Scrap Composting

–

Wind and Solar Rebates

–

New Construction

Alternative Fuels Rebates (illinoisgreenfleets.org) Clean Energy Community Foundation (illinoiscleanenergy.org)

–

Solar Systems

–

Lighting Upgrades

–

Green Building Design and Commissioning

From Department of Natural Resource (dnr.state.il.us/grants)

–

Rain Gardens

–

Field Trips

Database of State Incentives for Renewable Energy (dsireuse.org)

Other

Include the PTAs in Fundraising!

– Lights for Learning – Cell phone/printer cartridge recycling

Student Summer Internships

– Governor’s Environmental Corp – Illinois EPA Internships

To Apply for SEDAC Assistance

Call 1-800-214-7954

• r,

Visit the SEDAC web

site at www.sedac.org and download an application.