The Geography of Poverty and Opportunity in Contra Costa County - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The Geography of Poverty and Opportunity in Contra Costa County

Elizabeth Kneebone March 26, 2018

Source: Decennial census and Am erican Com m unity Survey data

NOTE: The federal poverty threshold for a fam ily of four w as $24,563 in 2016 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000 18,000

1970 1980 1990 2000 2016

Thousands Suburbs Cities

Today, more of the nation’s poor live in suburbs than in cities

Since 2000, most of the growth in the Bay Area poor population has been in suburbs

Num ber in poverty in the San Francisco-Oakland-Hayw ard m etro area, central cities versus suburbs, 1970-2016. Source: U.S. Census Bureau data

• 50,000

100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 300,000 1970 1980 1990 2000 2016 Poor Individuals in Suburbs Poor Individuals in Cities

The Bay Area is beginning to see some progress against poverty in the post-recession era

Source: U.S. Census Bureau data

50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 300,000

CITIES SUBURBS

Poor Individuals in the Bay Area

2000 2007 2015 2016

Source: Brookings analysis of U.S. Census Bureau data

2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000 18,000 20,000

AN T I O CH CO N CO R D P I T T S BU R G BR E N T W O O D O AKLE Y S AN R AM O N W ALN U T CR E E K R I CH M O N D

Ch an ge in th e Poor Popu lation , 20 0 0 to 20 12-16

In 2016, Contra Costa County’s poor population was more than one-third larger compared to 2000

Source: U.S. Census Bureau data

Source: Brookings analysis of U.S. Census Bureau data

15% 9% 21% 17% 15% 14% 12% Cities Suburbs San Pablo Richmond Pittsburg Antioch Concord

Bay Area Poverty Rates in 2012-16

The primary city poverty rate is higher than the suburban rate, but individual jurisdictions exceed the average

Source: U.S. Census Bureau data

Pockets of poverty can be found throughout the region

Source: U.S. Census Bureau data

0.0 - 10.0 10.1 - 20.0 20.1 - 30.0 30.1 - 40.0 40.1 - 100.0 Poverty Rate 2011-2015

Pockets of poverty can be found throughout the region

Source: U.S. Census Bureau data

0.0 - 10.0 10.1 - 20.0 20.1 - 30.0 30.1 - 40.0 40.1 - 100.0 Poverty Rate

2000 2012-16

A number of factors have contributed to these trends

Population Change, Contra Costa County, 2000 to 2016

Source: ACS and decennial Census data

A number of factors have contributed to these trends: POPULATION CHANGE

948,816 1,135,127 2000 2016

Source: HUD “Picture of Subsidized Housing” data

Number of Housing Choice Vouchers in Contra Costa County

A number of factors have contributed to these trends: HOUSING MARKET DYNAMICS

7,046 8,972 2004 2017

Unemployment Rate in Contra Costa County

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

A number of factors have contributed to these trends: LABOR MARKET DYNAMICS

4.7% 11.0% 4.4% 2007 2010 2016

Addressing these shifting dynamics is complicated in the suburban landscape

Lim ited Transit Access Strained Safety Net

Funding Constraints Lack of Capacity Fragm entation

And suburban jurisdictions often face additional challenges

Policymakers, funders, and practitioners are finding ways to… Achieve Scale Collaborate and Integrate Fund Strategically

 Collaboration of 10 public housing authorities, the metropolitan planning

• rganization, the Illinois Housing

Development Authority, and others  Partner PHAs pool a portion of their rental assistance vouchers to support the construction or rehab of affordable housing units in opportunity and priority reinvestment areas  A shared waiting list increases options for residents across the region

Chicago Regional Housing Initiative

Housing Partnership Equity Trust

 HPN created a REIT with an initial investment of $100 million from a range of private and philanthropic investors  Works with 12 high-performing nonprofits across the country that can also provide wraparound services to tenants  Acquires “naturally affordable” multifamily rental properties for low- income residents without subsidies

ekneebone@berkeley.edu