The CS Project Developing a new source of high quality natural - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
The CS Project Developing a new source of high quality natural pozzolan in Nevada CS Project Location & Logistics Tonopah, Nevada Northern Nevada Northern California UP Rail Head Thorne Nevada CS PROJECT Tonopah Southern Nevada
Northern Nevada Northern California Southern California Southern Nevada
UP Rail Head Thorne Nevada
Location:
CS PROJECT Tonopah Tonopah, Nevada
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Northeast Zone In the Main Zone large deposits of pozzolan form hills and extend below the level of the plane for at least 150ft Truck for scale
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In the Tuff Zone large deposits of pozzolan extend along the hillside and to depths of at least 200ft in drill holes Truck for scale
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2017 drill hole 2018 drill hole 2017 trench
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Over 150 composite drill samples and surface samples have been strength tested at Magmatics Inc. according to the methodology set out in ASTM C618. Samples typically ground to a D50 size of 10-12 micron: A mini-bulk sample of the tephra pozzolan has been tested at times up to 12 months with the following result:
Meets the requirements of ASTM C618
CS Average Commercially available Natural Pozzolan A Commercially available Natural Pozzolan B 7-day SAI 82% 82% 75% 28-day SAI 91% 93% 91% CS Average Commercially available Natural Pozzolan A Commercially available Natural Pozzolan B Si+Al+Fe Oxide 84.7 81.0 86.2 SiO2% 70.4 69.2 73.3 Al2O3% 12.5 10.8 12.0 Fe2O3% 1.9 1.0 0.8 CaO% 1.5 0.9 1.9 K2O% 4.2 5.08 4.6 Na2O% 3.1 2.13 4.5 SO3% 0.0 0.0 0.3
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Sample Type 7 day SAI 28 day SAI 6-month SAI 12-month SAI Tephra pozzolan 85% 100% 107% 116% Continuing strength gain
Selective mining Can give higher values
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Independent Certification Tuff Zone Independent Certification Main Zone
ASTM C39-96 Compressive Strength test Mix design strength = 4000 psi Cement replacement Level Fly ash CS Pozz 15% 15% Strength increase over fly ash Strength at 7 days, (psi) 1,810 2,680 48% Strength at 28 days, (psi) 3,720 4,510 21% Strength at 56 days, (psi) 4,373 5,060 16% Fly ash CS Pozz 15% 25% Strength increase over fly ash Strength at 7 days, (psi) 1,810 2,035 12% Strength at 28 days, (psi) 3,720 3,900 5% Strength at 56 days, (psi) 4,373 4,750 9%
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1 km
Like-for-like 15% replacement CS natural pozzolan outperforms fly ash in concrete test 25% replacement of CS natural pozzolan stronger than 15% replacement with fly ash* Concrete cylinders - Compressive strength – Mix design strength 4,000 psi
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*control using well known fly ash widely used in California
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Main Zone Pozzolan Tuff Zone Pozzolan
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▪ 100t bulk sample ground in production clinker mill to produce a finished ground pozzolan product. ▪ Tested for compliance with ASTM C618. ▪ Scale up from lab results confirmed.
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Pozzolan Pozzolan
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27-year mine plan includes four-phase pit design targeting production of 14.5 million tons of pozzolan at rates up to 500,000t per year.
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The Mine Plan does not include the extensive areas
and western Tuff Zone.
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Mine permitting on track for completion in 4th quarter
US Bureau of Land Management (BLM).
by baseline biological and cultural surveys.
initial 27 year mine life – submitted.
longer Environmental Impact Statement.